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Topic Review
Energy Harvesting Opportunities in Geoenvironmental Engineering
Energy harvesting (EH)—or energy scavenging—methods and technologies have been developed to reduce the dependence on traditional energy sources, namely fossil fuels, and nuclear power, also responding to the increase in energy demands for human activities and to fulfill sustainable development goals. EH in geoenvironmental works and the surrounding soil and water environment includes a set of processes for capturing and accumulating energy from several sources considered wasted or unusable associated with soil dynamics; the stress and strain of geomaterials, hydraulic, vibrations, biochemical, light, heating and wind sources can be potential EH systems. 
  • 596
  • 03 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Electric Powertrain Sizing for Motorcycles
As part of the intergovernmental and public interventions to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, there are no existing regulations to ban the sale of petrol motorcycles (PM), but it is expected that motorcycle regulations will follow car regulations with several years of delay. There is an emerging trend in motorcycle uptake, which will lead to new development projects with existing brands, and new brands, and will clearly increase the need for development tools that satisfies design challenges specific to electric motorcycles (EM) and electric powertrains.
  • 594
  • 24 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Concentrating Photovoltaic Thermal Technology
Concentrating photovoltaic thermal (CPVT) technology has the potential to support the industrial sector with renewable electricity and heat simultaneously. The implementation of spectral splitting emerges as a possible approach to significantly increase the conversion efficiency, and furthermore, to hurdle the fundamental discrepancy of CPVT systems, that the electrical and the thermal receiver part have opposing temperature requirements.
  • 589
  • 10 May 2023
Topic Review
Plasmon-Assisted Molecular Catalysis
The utilization of plasmonic nanomaterials in catalytic technologies is an emerging research field with foreseeable applications in energy-catalytic technologies. On this front, the coupling of plasmonic nanomaterials with molecular catalysts is a newly approached, thus far unexploited field.
  • 586
  • 11 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Electrocatalytic Reactions for Converting CO2 to Value-Added Products
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are an important environmental issue that causes greenhouse and climate change effects on the earth. Nowadays, CO2 has various conversion methods to be a potential carbon resource, such as photocatalytic, electrocatalytic, and photo-electrocatalytic. CO2 conversion into value-added products has many advantages, including facile control of the reaction rate by adjusting the applied voltage and minimal environmental pollution. The development of efficient electrocatalysts and improving their viability with appropriate reactor designs is essential for the commercialization of this environmentally friendly method.
  • 572
  • 28 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Nanocontainers for Energy Storage and Conversion Applications
Countries that do not have oil and natural gas but are forced to reduce pollution due to combustion have stimulated and developed new technologies for absorption, storage, and energy creation based on nanotechnology. These new technologies are up-and-coming because they will solve the problem without additional environmental burden. 
  • 568
  • 07 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Barriers Related to Data-Driven Services across Electricity Sectors
Data-driven services offer a major shift away from traditional monitoring and control approaches that have been applied exclusively over the transmission and distribution networks. These services assist the electricity value chain stakeholders to enhance their data reach and improve their internal intelligence on electricity-related optimization functions. However, the penetration of data-driven services within the energy sector poses challenges across the regulatory, socioeconomic, and organizational (RSEO) domains that are specific to such business models.
  • 565
  • 24 Mar 2022
Topic Review
The Evolving Nature of Thermal Conversion Process
The environment today is confronted by an unending cascade of global anthropogenic and ecosystem-based challenges. Biomass is considered to have the potential to be utilized as an alternative energy source. The conversion of the high carbon content of biomass through thermochemical treatment resulted in better fuel properties of biochar production. Understanding the underlying thermal conversion process principles alongside the associated/exhibited operational challenges that are specific to biomass types is crucial for beginners.
  • 556
  • 18 Feb 2024
Topic Review
SOFC-GT Integrated Technology
The solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) transforms the chemical energy of fuel and oxidizer directly into electrical energy; it can be coupled with gas turbines (GT) and steam turbine to create an effective and clean hybrid power system because of its advantages in high power generation efficiency, high waste heat level, and low pollution. The idea of combining SOFC and GT is actually very simple. The gas stream at the outlet of the anode of SOFC has high energy, which can be utilized to form a hybrid system in combination with GT. The combination mechanism of SOFC and GT can realize the efficient conversion and utilization of energy and improve the overall performance of the system as well as the environmental protection performance.
  • 549
  • 12 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Biochemical CO2-to-X Transformation Pathways
Technologies to capture CO2 and use it as a feedstock to produce CO2-based chemicals and biofuels via chemical or biochemical conversion pathways can potentially reduce the amount of CO2 released. Cultivation of microalgae, an intermediate CO2-based product of microalgal biorefineries, is recognized as a promising decentralized alternative to capture and use CO2 emissions using biological transformation. Microalgal strains are generally cultivated in open raceways or closed (flat panel, tubular) cultivation systems. It is generally known that CO2, nutrients (mainly N compounds and phosphates), and sunlight as an energy source are needed for microalgal growth under photosynthetic reaction.
  • 543
  • 17 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Synergistic Modulation of Transition-Metal-Based Electrocatalysts for Water Oxidation
Efficient electrochemical energy conversion techniques play a crucial role in mitigating energy and environmental challenges by replacing fossil fuels and decarbonizing the power and transportation sectors. Synergistic modulation has been extensively explored to develop highly efficient transition-metal-based electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) because coupling effects among intrinsic activity, conductivity, mass transfer, mass diffusion, and intermediates adsorption can further promote catalytic activity.
  • 539
  • 28 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Energy Supply System Modeling Tools
The fulfillment of the sustainable development goals of the United Nations (UN) in remote communities undoubtedly goes through the consequent development of the energy supply system (ESS). Structuring a procedure for modeling the ESS, according to development requirements, is vital for decision making.
  • 531
  • 20 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Thermochemical Technologies for Olive Wood Biomass Energy Exploitation
The use of biomass can be a strategic way to realize a carbon-neutral energy plan, ensuring a fuel feedstock. Residual biomass arising from pruning is demonstrated to be an important energy resource in terms of quantity and quality.
  • 526
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Classification of Micro-Flame Behaviours
The microflame is a complex phenomenon that can exhibit different behaviors, which are influenced by multiple factors, such as the input velocity of the fuel–oxidizer mixture, the heat flow rate supplied to the mixture, the thermal conduction coefficient of the burner walls (i.e., boundary conditions), and the burner geometry, among others.   
  • 522
  • 11 Jul 2024
Topic Review
Water Splitting by MnOx/Na2CO3 Reversible Redox Reactions
Hydrogen is referred to as a secondary energy carrier, made from a primary energy source (nowadays, ~95% from fossil fuels). The global transition to hydrogen as an energy carrier accompanies the rise in required “green” energy. The H2 production by the different MnOx/Na2CO3 reactants was repeated in the solar reactor. Temperatures of the outer reactor wall were limited to below ~1000 °C (strength limitation of the Incoloy construction material). Due to the inertia of the heliostat focusing, temperatures in the bed varied between about 760 and 790 °C (average 775 °C) and between 815 and 835 °C (average 825 °C). Mostly, the first H2 production cycle was investigated. For the cold mix Mn3O4/Na2CO3, the reactants after H2 production were regenerated for 6 h at an average 825 °C using pure CO2.
  • 521
  • 06 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Electricity Generation Forecasting and Transfer Learning
Accurate forecasting is one of the keys to the efficient use of the limited existing energy resources and plays an important role in sustainable development. The existing research related to power forecasting can be grouped into three categories: (1) statistical models, (2) deep learning models, and (3) hybrid models. Statistical approaches are often based on autoregressive linear regression models. Deep learning models are based on various types of neural networks that employ a fixed lookback window to produce forecasts. Hybrid models combine two or more methods to create a single forecast. 
  • 514
  • 08 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Renewable Energies and Desalination
Desalination is a widely applied technology that is used to remove the salinity from brackish water, seawater, or wastewater to make it usable for domestic and industrial use. Desalination technologies are mainly categorized as conventional and advanced technologies, commonly known as thermal desalination and membrane-based desalination, respectively. The thermal desalination process includes different methods such as multi-effect distillation (MED), multistage flash distillation (MSF), and vapor compression distillation (VCD). Renewable energy refers to energy sources that are replenished naturally and can be used indefinitely.
  • 510
  • 16 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Real-Time Photovoltaic Prediction Systems
Photovoltaic power forecasting is an important problem for renewable energy integration in the grid. The most used forecasting methods are machine learning and deep learning based, especially artificial neural networks.
  • 509
  • 06 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Transformation to Sustainable Energy System for Smart Cities
Transformation is a deliberate, carefully planned, complete reconstruction, the effects of which will be used in the long term. It usually concerns economic infrastructure, and its implementation requires a multifaceted approach for the solutions created. The term smart city is associated with the words livable, green, intelligent, low carbon, sustainable, digital, information, knowledge, resilient, eco, and ubiquitous. Targeting sustainable energy systems is now an integral element of smart-city operation.
  • 498
  • 15 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Potential and Barriers of Energy Efficiency Improvement
The published literature demonstrates the apparently great potential for improvement in the energy efficiency for all sectors of the economy, including passenger transport and household energy use. Some researchers have even claimed that many energy efficiency improvements will pay for themselves, i.e., have negative cost. 
  • 497
  • 21 Jul 2023
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