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Topic Review
Friction Dissipative Beam-to-Column Connections for MRFs
The use of friction-based beam-to-column connections (BCCs) for earthquake-resistant moment-resistant frames (MRFs), aimed at eliminating damage to beam end sections due to the development of plastic hinges, has been prevalent since the early 1980s. Different technical solutions have been proposed for steel structures, and some have been designed for timber structures, while a few recent studies concern friction joints employed in reinforced concrete structures. Research aimed at characterizing the behavior of joints has focused on the evaluation of the tribological properties of the friction materials, coefficient of friction, shape and stability of the hysteresis cycles, influence of the temperature, speed of load application, effects of the application method, stability of preload, the influence of seismic excitation characteristics on the structural response, statistical characterization of amplitude, and frequency of the slip excursion during seismic excitation. Studies aimed at identifying the design parameters capable of optimizing performance have focused attention mainly on the slip threshold, device stiffness, and deformation capacity. 
  • 1.1K
  • 27 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Fugitive Dust
Fugitive dust is a serious threat to unpaved road users from a safety and health point of view. Dust suppressing materials or dust suppressants are often employed to lower the fugitive dust. Currently, many dust suppressants are commercially available and are being developed for various applications. 
  • 1.1K
  • 09 Mar 2021
Topic Review
Analysis of the Lignosulfonate Reinforcement Mechanism
As an organic material with large reserves and environmental protection, the application of lignin in loess improvement can greatly improve the engineering properties of loess, such as water loss disintegration and water collapsibility. The microscopic results show that the incorporation of lignosulfonate produces a three-dimensional network structure, which can effectively cement loess particles and improve soil strength and impermeability, and the Quantity of this network structure depends on the amount of lignosulfonate.
  • 1.1K
  • 11 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Catchment Resilience
Catchment resilience can be used as a unifying concept to explore the role of latent conditions that are triggered by hydro-hazards and their impact on exposed people or assets. Catchment resilience requires acknowledging the interactions between natural, technical, and social systems within a catchment, and considering feedbacks between exposure, vulnerability, and resilience of the catchment.
  • 1.1K
  • 12 Mar 2021
Topic Review
Relationship between Occupants’ Thermal Behavior and Energy Consumption
Despite an increased awareness about energy conservation, the energy consumed for water heating has increased by 7% from 2008 (17%) to 2018 (24%) in Hong Kong.
  • 1.1K
  • 02 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Urban Resilience Assessment
This paper aims to provide a better understanding of the state of knowledge on urban resilience assessment through mapping the knowledge domain and highlighting emerging trends during different periods. The objects of study were 420 papers published in the Web of Science from 1998 to 2020. Science mapping was done using VOSviewer and CiteSpace, two widely known software tools for bibliometrics analysis and scientometric visualization. The results show that research published on urban resilience assessment was very limited and fragmented until 2009, and the focus has mainly been on risk mitigation and vulnerability assessment. The intellectual base grew between 2010 and 2014, when a paradigm shift from approaches based on robustness and reliability toward more adaptation-oriented approaches occurred. Finally, the annual publication trends have grown rapidly over the past five years and there has been more emphasis on climate change adaptation and flood resilience.
  • 1.1K
  • 27 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Earthquake Reconnaissance Data
Earthquakes are one of the most catastrophic natural phenomena. After an earthquake, earthquake reconnaissance enables effective recovery by collecting data on building damage and other impacts. This paper aims to identify state-of-the-art data sources for building damage assessment and provide guidance for more efficient data collection. We have reviewed 39 articles that indicate the sources used by different authors to collect data related to damage and post-disaster recovery progress after earthquakes between 2014 and 2021. The current data collection methods have been grouped into seven categories: fieldwork or ground surveys, omnidirectional imagery (OD), terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), remote sensing (RS), crowdsourcing platforms, social media (SM) and closed-circuit television videos (CCTV). The selection of a particular data source or collection technique for earthquake reconnaissance includes different criteria depending on what questions are to be answered by these data. We conclude that modern reconnaissance missions cannot rely on a single data source. Different data sources should complement each other, validate collected data or systematically quantify the damage. The recent increase in the number of crowdsourcing and SM platforms used to source earthquake reconnaissance data demonstrates that this is likely to become an increasingly important data source.
  • 1.1K
  • 28 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Foam Concrete
Foam concrete is a promising material in building and construction applications, providing such outstanding properties as high specific strength, excellent thermal insulation, and effective acoustic absorption in human-inhabited buildings.
  • 1.1K
  • 03 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Circular Economy within Geotechnical Engineering
The construction industry currently relies heavily on primary aggregates which is unsustainable. There are many recycled and secondary aggregates which may be adopted as an alternative to primary aggregates, offering the potential for reducing reliance on a finite resource and diverting waste from landfill.
  • 1.1K
  • 10 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Damping Effect of Buckling-Restrained Braces
Modern cities are becoming more and more dependent on transportation with the rapid growth of the population and the development of the economy. As a traffic lifeline, once a bridge is damaged in an earthquake, traffic will be hindered, and restoring and rebuilding the bridge will take a long time, which will affect the daily life of drivers and locals. Therefore, bridge seismic problems cannot be ignored. One of the most widely used damping methods used to mitigate the seismic responses of bridges in recent years is the application of buckling-restrained braces (BRBs). Due to their stable mechanical properties, simple construction, and simple designs, BRBs are effective seismic dampers that are gradually being applied in the study of seismic bridges to improve their seismic capacities. With the development of engineering technology, the structure of BRBs is constantly being updated, and experimental and theoretical research on them has gradually attracted increasing attention.
  • 1.1K
  • 07 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Partially Substitutions of Silica Fume for Sustainable Concrete
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) uses a lot of natural resources, much like regular concrete, which results in unsustainable construction. Slump flow, slump T50, L-box, and V-funnel tests were used to investigate fresh SCC properties, such as filling and passing capabilities. Mechanical properties were examined using compressive, tensile, and flexure strength, while the durability characteristics of SCC were examined through water absorption, porosity, sorptivity, and chloride resistance. The internal structure of SCC, with and without SF, is reviewed through scan electronic microscopy (SEM). Silica fume (SF) lacked the filling and passing ability of SCC, but is still within the limit defined by the technical specification for SCC. Improvements in SCC’s strength and durability were also seen; however, greater doses had a negative impact on these attributes due to an absence of flowability. Researchers recommended the ideal SF dosage ranges from 10 to 15% by volume of cement. 
  • 1.1K
  • 12 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Temperature Effect on Vibration Properties of Bridge Structures
In civil engineering structures, modal changes produced by environmental conditions, especially temperature, can be equivalent to or greater than the ones produced by damage. Therefore, it is necessary to distinguish the variations in structural properties caused by environmental changes from those caused by structural damages.
  • 1.1K
  • 26 Aug 2022
Topic Review
AI-Based Evaluation of Streets for People in Bangkok
Bangkok, the capital of Thailand, grapples with several urban challenges, including traffic accidents, congestion, and underdeveloped sidewalks. These issues stem from the escalating use of private cars and motorcycles driven by rapid urbanization, accompanying economic growth, and the unique street geometry of the city. Furthermore, despite the development of railroads, issues persist with the poor walking environment for pedestrian access to stations, posing a challenge to the promotion of safe and environmentally friendly public transportation. This study evaluated streets’ spatial performance, focusing on the performance of soi, the intricate network of narrow urban pathways in Bangkok. Leveraging an AI model capturing pedestrian value, this study subsequently assessed accessibility from typical residential areas to public transportation stations. The findings shed light on the challenges faced by sois in Bangkok. Based on the findings, practical implications were discussed and provided to inform urban designers, with the aim of promoting public transportation usage and encouraging a more sustainable urban form.
  • 1.1K
  • 02 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Competitiveness for Smart Technology Diffusion of Construction Industry
The fourth industrial revolution (4IR) emerged as a major issue at the 2016 World Economic Forum in Davos. Countries are trying to implement various policies from a preemptive point of view to respond to the fourth industrial revolution. Especially, the construction industry is also going through huge technological innovations, affected by 4IR. And technological innovation leads to improvements in various project outcomes and is a key factor that greatly affects the development of the construction industry.
  • 1.1K
  • 28 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Characterization Specifications for FRP Pultruded Materials
Pultruded FRP composites have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional materials like concrete, steel, and timber, especially in corrosive environmental conditions. However, the unique properties of these composites necessitate careful consideration during their implementation, as they differ significantly from conventional materials. Proper testing and characterization of FRP pultruded materials is key for their efficient and safe implementation. However, the existing specifications are not unified, resulting in ambiguity among stakeholders. 
  • 1.1K
  • 17 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Fly Ash—Slag One-Part Geopolymers
One-part geopolymer concrete/mortar is a pre-mixed material made from industrial by-products and solid alkaline activators that only requires the addition of water for activation. Apart from being environmentally friendly, it also reduces complexity and improves consistency in the mixing process, leading to more efficient production and consistent material properties.
  • 1.1K
  • 29 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Construction Workforce Safety
Construction work is a hazardous job. Some construction site jobs include: building houses, roads, tree forts, workplaces and repair and maintain infrastructures. This work includes many hazardous task and conditions such as working with height, excavation, noise, dust, power tools and equipment. The most common fatalities are caused by the fatal four: falls, being struck by an object, electrocutions, and being caught in between two objects. Construction work has been increasing in developing and undeveloped countries over the past few years. With an increase in this type of work occupational fatalities have increased. Construction workforce safety is a multidisciplinary field concerned with the safety, health, and welfare of people at a construction site. The goal of the construction workforce safety is to foster a safe and healthy construction environment.
  • 1.1K
  • 31 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Bridge Damage Identification Methods
For the purpose of maintaining and prolonging the service life of civil constructions, structural damage must be closely monitored. Monitoring the incidence, formation, and spread of damage is crucial to ensure a structure’s ongoing performance. 
  • 1.1K
  • 14 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Cybersecurity Vulnerabilities in Off-Site Construction
Industry 4.0 is seeking to advance traditional construction practices towards more efficient and internet of things (IoT)-based construction practices, such as offsite construction. Offsite construction (OSC) allows for the simultaneous fabrication of building modules and onsite work. Integrating IoT technologies in construction practice is projected to improve the industry’s growth. However, there is an increase in cybersecurity vulnerabilities. Cyber threats are becoming more disruptive and targeted, resulting in monetary and infrastructure losses. 
  • 1.1K
  • 02 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Superelastic Nickel–Titanium-Based Smart Alloys
The unique characteristics of superelastic NiTi shape memory alloys (SMAs) have attracted the attention of structural engineers worldwide. SMAs are metallic materials that can retrieve their original shape upon exposure to various temperatures or loading/unloading conditions with minimal residual deformation. SMAs have found increasing applications in the building industry because of their high strength, high actuation and damping capacities, good durability, and superior fatigue resistance. 
  • 1.1K
  • 24 Jul 2023
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