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Topic Review
Network Threat Detection with ML/DL in SDN-Based Platforms
A revolution in network technology has been ushered in by software defined networking (SDN), which makes it possible to control the network from a central location and provides an overview of the network’s security. Despite this, SDN has a single point of failure that increases the risk of potential threats. Network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) prevent intrusions into a network and preserve the network’s integrity, availability, and confidentiality. Much work has been done on NIDS but there are still improvements needed in reducing false alarms and increasing threat detection accuracy. Advanced approaches such as deep learning (DL) and machine learning (ML) have been implemented in SDN-based NIDS to overcome the security issues within a network.
  • 1.2K
  • 14 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Secure Bluetooth Communication in Smart Healthcare Systems
Smart health presents an ever-expanding attack surface due to the continuous adoption of a broad variety of Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) devices and applications. IoMT is a common approach to smart city solutions that deliver long-term benefits to critical infrastructures, such as smart healthcare. Many of the IoMT devices in smart cities use Bluetooth technology for short-range communication due to its flexibility, low resource consumption, and flexibility. As smart healthcare applications rely on distributed control optimization, artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning (DL) offer effective approaches to mitigate cyber-attacks. 
  • 1.2K
  • 21 Nov 2022
Topic Review
NNetEn Entropy
NNetEn is the first entropy measure that is based on artificial intelligence methods. The method modifies the structure of the LogNNet classification model so that the classification accuracy of the MNIST-10 digits dataset indicates the degree of complexity of a given time series. The calculation results of the proposed model are similar to those of existing methods, while the model structure is completely different and provides considerable advantages.
  • 1.2K
  • 19 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Network Traffic Analysis
Network data traffic is increasing with expanded networks for various applications, with text, image, audio, and video for inevitable needs. Network traffic pattern identification and analysis of traffic of data content are essential for different needs and different scenarios. Many approaches have been followed, both before and after the introduction of machine and deep learning algorithms as intelligence computation. The network traffic analysis is the process of incarcerating traffic of a network and observing it deeply to predict what the manifestation in traffic of the network is. To enhance the quality of service (QoS) of a network, it is important to estimate the network traffic and analyze its accuracy and precision, as well as the false positive and negative rates, with suitable algorithms. 
  • 1.2K
  • 14 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Deep Learning Algorithms in Agriculture
The field of agriculture is one of the most important fields in which the application of deep learning still needs to be explored, as it has a direct impact on human well-being. In particular, there is a need to explore how deep learning models can be used as a tool for optimal planting, land use, yield improvement, production/disease/pest control, and other activities. The vast amount of data received from sensors in smart farms makes it possible to use deep learning as a model for decision-making in this field. In agriculture, no two environments are exactly alike, which makes testing, validating, and successfully implementing such technologies much more complex than in most other industries. 
  • 1.2K
  • 18 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Hidden Surface Determination
In 3D computer graphics, shown surface determination (also known as hidden surface removal (HSR), occlusion culling (OC) or visible surface determination (VSD)) is the process used to determine which surfaces and parts of surfaces are not visible from a certain viewpoint. A hidden surface determination algorithm is a solution to the visibility problem, which was one of the first major problems in the field of 3D computer graphics. The process of hidden surface determination is sometimes called hiding, and such an algorithm is sometimes called a hider. The analogue for line rendering is hidden line removal. Hidden surface determination is necessary to render an image correctly, so that one may not view features hidden behind the model itself, allowing only the naturally viewable portion of the graphic to be visible.
  • 1.2K
  • 26 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Vision-Based Autonomous Vehicle Systems
Autonomous vehicle systems (AVS) have advanced at an exponential rate, particularly due to improvements in artificial intelligence, which have had a significant impact on social as well as road safety and the future of transportation systems. Deep learning is fast becoming a successful alternative approach for perception-based AVS as it reduces both cost and dependency on sensor fusion.
  • 1.2K
  • 12 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Dental Education
Most dental educators have limited knowledge and skills to assess AI applications, as they were not trained to do so. Also, AI technology has evolved exponentially. Factual reliability and opportunities with OpenAI Inc.’s ChatGPT are considered critical inflection points in the era of generative AI. Updating curricula at dental institutions is inevitable as advanced deep-learning approaches take over the clinical areas of dentistry and reshape diagnostics, treatment planning, management, and telemedicine screening. With advances in AI language models, communication with patients will change, and the foundations of dental education, including essay, thesis, or scientific paper writing, will need to adapt. However, there is a growing concern about its ethical and legal implications, and further consensus is needed for the safe and responsible implementation of AI in dental education.
  • 1.2K
  • 20 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Smart Sensing Chair for Sitting Posture Monitoring
Smart sensing chairs, equipped with advanced sensor technologies such as Force Sensing Resistors (FSRs), show significant potential in mitigating the negative health impacts of incorrect sitting postures, which can lead to spinal misalignment and musculoskeletal disorders. Research emphasizes the use of sophisticated machine learning techniques, including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), for classifying sitting postures. Notably, these advanced models do not always outperform traditional models due to the limitations of the training datasets, which often lack sufficient diversity in representing different human body types and health conditions. This finding underscores the critical need for datasets that more accurately reflect the demographic and physiological diversity of users. Additionally, this research highlights a significant opportunity for innovation in user feedback mechanisms within smart sensing chairs, suggesting that enhanced interactive features could improve posture correction efforts and overall user health outcomes.
  • 1.2K
  • 13 May 2024
Topic Review
Deepfake Detection Datasets
Deepfakes are notorious for their unethical and malicious applications to achieve economic, political, and social reputation goals. Although deepfakes were initially associated with entertainment such as movie visual effects, camera filters, and digital avatars, they are defined as “believable generated media by Deep Neural Network” and have evolved into a mainstream tool for facial forgery. With the development of multiple forgery methods, deepfake data are increasing at a annual rate of ~300%. However, the data published online have different forgery qualities. 
  • 1.1K
  • 28 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Physical Layer Authentication in Wireless Networks
The physical layer security of wireless networks is becoming increasingly important because of the rapid development of wireless communications and the increasing security threats. In addition, because of the open nature of the wireless channel, authentication is a critical issue in wireless communications. Physical layer authentication (PLA) is based on distinctive features to provide information-theory security and low complexity.
  • 1.1K
  • 15 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Dementia
Dementia is a syndrome that is characterised by the decline of different cognitive abilities. A high rate of deaths and high cost for detection, treatments, and patients care count amongst its consequences. Although there is no cure for dementia, a timely diagnosis helps in obtaining necessary support, appropriate medication, and maintenance, as far as possible, of engagement in intellectual, social, and physical activities. The early detection of Alzheimer Disease (AD) is considered to be of high importance for improving the quality of life of patients and their families. In particular, Virtual Reality (VR) is an expanding tool that can be used in order to assess cognitive abilities while navigating through a Virtual Environment (VE).
  • 1.1K
  • 05 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Applications of Deep Reinforcement Learning in Other Industries
Reinforcement Learning (RL) is an approach to simulate the human’s natural learning process, whose key is to let the agent learn by interacting with the stochastic environment. 
  • 1.1K
  • 29 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Underwater Vision Enhancement
Underwater video images, as the primary carriers of underwater information, play a vital role in human exploration and development of the ocean. Due to the absorption and scattering of incident light by water bodies, the video images collected underwater generally appear blue-green and have an apparent fog-like effect. In addition, blur, low contrast, color distortion, more noise, unclear details, and limited visual range are the typical problems that degrade the quality of underwater video images. Underwater vision enhancement uses computer technology to process degraded underwater images and convert original low-quality images into a high-quality image. The problems of color bias, low contrast, and atomization of original underwater video images are effectively solved by using vision enhancement technology. Enhanced video images improve the visual perception ability and are benefificial for subsequent visual tasks. Therefore, underwater video image enhancement technology has important scientifific signifificance and application value. 
  • 1.1K
  • 03 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Re-Identification in Urban Scenarios
Multi-object Re-Identification (ReID), based on a wide range of surveillance cameras, is nowadays a vital aspect in modern cities, to better understand city movement patterns among the different infrastructures, with the primary intention of rapidly mitigate abnormal situations, such as tracking car thieves, wanted persons, or even lost children. Given an image or video of an object-of-interest (query), object identification aims to identify the object from images or video feed taken from different cameras. 
  • 1.1K
  • 24 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Federated Learning
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have gained increasing attention in boosting the performance of conventional networks due to their small size, high efficiency, low cost, and autonomously nature. The amalgamation of UAVs with both distributed/collaborative Deep Learning (DL) algorithms, such as Federated Learning (FL), and Blockchain technology have ushered in a new paradigm of Secure Multi-Access Edge Computing (S-MEC). Indeed, FL enables UAV devices to leverage their sensed data to build local DL models. The latter are then sent to a central node, e.g., S-MEC node, for aggregation, in order to generate a global DL model. Therefore, FL enables UAV devices to collaborate during several FL rounds in generating a learning model, while avoiding to share their local data, and thus ensuring UAVs’ privacy.
  • 1.1K
  • 22 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Artificial Intelligence in Pathology
Tissue Biomarkers are information written in the tissue and used in Pathology to recognize specific subsets of patients with diagnostic, prognostic or predictive purposes, thus representing the key elements of Personalized Medicine. The advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) promises to further reinforce the role of Pathology in the scenario of Personalized Medicine: AI-based devices are expected to standardize the evaluation of tissue biomarkers and also to discover novel information, which would otherwise be ignored by human review, and use them to make specific predictions. 
  • 1.1K
  • 05 Jul 2021
Topic Review
A Patch-Based CNN Built on the VGG-16 Architecture
Facial recognition is a prevalent method for biometric authentication that is utilized in a variety of software applications. This technique is susceptible to spoofing attacks, in which an imposter gains access to a system by presenting the image of a legitimate user to the sensor, hence increasing the risks to social security. Consequently, facial liveness detection has become an essential step in the authentication process prior to granting access to users. A patch-based convolutional neural network (CNN) with a deep component for facial liveness detection for security enhancement was developed, which was based on the VGG-16 architecture.
  • 1.1K
  • 13 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Concept of the Robo-Advisor with Digital Twin
The term “digital twin” (DT) refers to a digital representation of an individual that has the capability of integrating any digital data with virtually real-time data and generating advanced analytics for feedback, recommendation, and alternative solutions for users. 
  • 1.1K
  • 11 May 2022
Topic Review
Industrial Control Systems Technologies
Industrial Control Systems (ICS), which include Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems, Distributed Control Systems (DCS), and Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC), play a crucial role in managing and regulating industrial processes. However, ensuring the security of these systems is of utmost importance due to the potentially severe consequences of cyber attacks. 
  • 1.1K
  • 21 Nov 2023
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