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Topic Review
Water Molecules and Electroconvection on Salt Ion Transport
Electrodialysis has gained global recognition as a water purification method with the potential to enhance the overall efficiency of the purification process. The efficiency of electrodialysis depends strongly on the hydrodynamics of the process, as the advent of new high performance membranes on the world market removes the kinetic limitations associated with membranes and shifts the stage that determines the economic efficiency of desalination towards the liquid phase.
  • 84
  • 31 Jan 2024
Topic Review
U-Shaped Conveyor Assembly Line Balancing Problem
Conveyors are used when material is to be moved frequently between specific points. Line balancing involves allocating an equal amount of work to each workstation along the line. The fundamental line balancing problem is to assign a set of tasks to an ordered set of workstations, so that the precedence relationships are satisfied and some measure of performance is optimized.
  • 103
  • 17 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Transmission Dynamics of COVID-19
COVID-19 is pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus which is an emerging infectious disease, and outbreaks in more than 200 countries around the world. Consequently, the spread principles and prevention and control measures of COVID-19 have become a global problem to be solved. Here, we pose a series of dynamical models to reveal the transmission mechanisms of COVID-19. Based on these mathematical models, data fitting and spread trend of COVID-19 are explored to show the propagation law between human populations. We hope that our work may provide some useful insights for effective control of the COVID-19.
  • 4.8K
  • 28 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Synthetic Datasets
With the consistent growth in the importance of machine learning and big data analysis, feature selection stands to be one of the most relevant techniques in the field. Extending into many disciplines, the use of feature selection in medical applications, cybersecurity, DNA micro-array data, and many more areas is witnessed. Machine learning models can significantly benefit from the accurate selection of feature subsets to increase the speed of learning and also to generalize the results. Feature selection can considerably simplify a dataset, such that the training models using the dataset can be “faster” and can reduce overfitting. Synthetic datasets were presented as a valuable benchmarking technique for the evaluation of feature selection algorithms.
  • 54
  • 20 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Sustainable Digital Innovation
Digital innovation is referring to a product, process or business model that is new or requires significant changes and it is enabled by IT. Sustainable digital innovation supports the digitalization process of the economy in a green, long-lasting and organic way. Thus, it serves the need of a sustainable future. The regular digital innovation addresses performances, costs, technology and attractiveness to customers and business, while the sustainable one also addresses to the environmental and social factors. Sustainable digital innovation tries to create value for all the stakeholders involved in the production and distribution process, it is inspired by nature, not only by technology, it reduces resources waste and targets the societal goals, not only the commercial and business goals.
  • 1.7K
  • 17 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Sign2Pose: A Pose-Based Approach for Gloss Prediction
Word-level sign language recognition (WSLR) is the backbone for continuous sign language recognition (CSLR) that infers glosses from sign videos. Finding the relevant gloss from the sign sequence and detecting explicit boundaries of the glosses from sign videos is a persistent challenge. A Sign2Pose Gloss prediction transformer that can significantly identify the intermediate gloss for the given input video sequence.
  • 55
  • 10 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Shape-Informed Dimensional Reduction in Airfoil/Hydrofoil Modeling Approachs
Parametric models have been widely used in pertinent literature for reconstructing, modifying and representing a wide range of airfoil and/or hydrofoil profile geometries. Design spaces corresponding to these models can be exploited for modeling and profile-shape optimization under various performance criteria. Accuracy requirements, along with the need for modeling local features, often lead to high-dimensional design spaces that hinder the process of shape optimization and design through analysis.
  • 129
  • 28 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Satellite-Based Active Fire Detection
Detection of an active wildfire in a satellite image scene relies on an accurate estimation of the background temperature of the scene, which must be compared to the observed temperature, to decide on the presence of fire. The expected background temperature of a pixel is commonly derived based on spatial-contextual information. Multi-temporal information and multi-spectral information have also been exploited in estimation of the background temperature of a pixel. This review discusses different approaches of estimation of background temperature and highlights the potentiality of the estimation of the background temperature using the multi-temporal data for early fire detection and real-time fire monitoring. The perspectives of a proposed multi-temporal approach are also outlined. 
  • 2.7K
  • 06 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Robust Appointment Scheduling in Healthcare
The quality and experience of healthcare systems affect the economy and prosperity of cities all over the world. Governments of several countries are struggling to improve the efficiency of their healthcare systems and decrease healthcare spending costs.
  • 268
  • 29 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Resampling under Complex Sampling Designs
In principle, survey data are an ideal context to apply resampling methods to approximate the (unknown) sampling distribution of statistics, due to both a usually large sample size and data of controlled quality. However, survey data cannot be generally assumed independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) so that any resampling methodologies to be used in sampling from finite populations must be adapted to account for the sample design effect. A principled appraisal is given and discussed here.
  • 412
  • 31 Mar 2022
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