Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Likert-Type Scale
The Likert-type scale is a widely used psychometric instrument for measuring attitudes, opinions, or perceptions in research contexts. It presents respondents with a series of statements accompanied by symmetrical response options, typically structured on a five-point scale ranging from “Strongly Disagree” to “Strongly Agree”. Each point on the scale represents a gradation of agreement or sentiment, allowing researchers to transform subjective responses into quantifiable data for statistical analysis and interpretation.
  • 57
  • 06 Feb 2025
Topic Review
DeepSeek
DeepSeek Artificial Intelligence Co., Ltd. (referred to as "DeepSeek" or "深度求索"), founded in 2023, is a Chinese company dedicated to making AGI (Artificial General Intelligence) a reality. Focused on advancing AI technologies, DeepSeek aims to develop systems with human-like adaptability and problem-solving capabilities, contributing to innovation across industries and shaping the future of intelligent systems.
  • 60
  • 06 Feb 2025
Topic Review
Hassle-Free Coding Assignment Support for All Students
Get expert coding assignment help with hassle-free support. Improve your skills, meet deadlines, and achieve top grades with professional programming assistance.
  • 26
  • 29 Jan 2025
Topic Review
Recurrence Formula Connecting Different-Order Differential Equations
Recurrence Formula for the infinitesimal generator of differential equations are introduced by Y. Iwata (Chaos, Solitons & Fractals: X 13 (2024) 100119) in which the discussion is made in general abstract formalism. In this article, actual applications are discussed by assuming concrete differential equations. The recurrence formula is applied to partial differential equations, followed by application to ordinary differential equations. Consequently, concrete examples demonstrated in this article play complementary roles for understanding and using the recurrence formula.
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  • 28 Jan 2025
Topic Review
The Code Underneath
The synergy between Newcomb-Benford and Bayes' laws provides a universal framework for comprehending information, probability, conformality, and computational intelligence.
  • 39
  • 26 Jan 2025
Topic Review
An Automation System for Controlling Streetlights
We present an Arduino-based automation system to control the streetlights based on solar rays and object’s detection. We aim to design various systems to achieve the desired operations, which no longer require time-consuming manual switching of the streetlights. The proposed work is accomplished by using an Arduino microcontroller, a light dependent resistor (LDR) and infrared-sensors while, two main contributions are presented in this work. Firstly, we show that the streetlights can be controlled based on the night and object’s detection. In which the streetlights automatically turn to DIM state at night-time and turn to HIGH state on object’s detection, while during day-time the streetlights will remain OFF. Secondly, the proposed automated system is further extended to skip the DIM condition at night time, and streetlights turn ON based on the objects’ detection only. In addition, an automatic door system is introduced to improve the safety measurements, and most importantly, a counter is set that will count the number of objects passed through the road. The proposed systems are designed at lab-scale prototype to experimentally validate the efficiency, reliability, and low-cost of the systems. We remark that the proposed systems can be easily tested and implemented under real conditions at large-scale in the near future, that will be useful in the future applications for automation systems and smart homes.
  • 74
  • 17 Jan 2025
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Artificial Intelligence in Special Education
This entry examines the growing role of artificial intelligence (AI) in special education. The authors discuss applications of AI in the field, including its uses for personalized learning, adaptive technologies, teacher support, and AI’s potential to address issues related to student accessibility and engagement. The entry draws on recent syntheses of literature, highlighting studies that reveal AI’s capacity to improve educational outcomes for students with disabilities, mitigate teacher workload, and foster inclusion. Despite these promising developments, the authors address ethical considerations, potential biases, and privacy concerns surrounding the use of AI, as well as the need for high-quality research that validates AI’s effectiveness in special education. The authors conclude that while AI can offer substantial support, it should be integrated thoughtfully, guided by empirical research, and accompanied by skilled professional oversight to ensure that it truly benefits students with disabilities.
  • 358
  • 15 Jan 2025
Topic Review
10 Benefits of Incorporating Webinars into Your Curriculum
Webinars have become an essential tool in modern education. They offer a flexible and engaging way to deliver content to students, regardless of their location. By incorporating webinars into your curriculum, you can enhance student learning, improve teaching methods, and boost overall educational outcomes.
  • 194
  • 13 Jan 2025
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Artificial Intelligence
This review explores the current applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, with a particular emphasis on small molecule chemistry. Applications of AI techniques, especially machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) in the areas of shift prediction, spectral simulations, spectral processing, structure elucidation, mixture analysis, and metabolomics, are demonstrated. The review also shows where progress is limited.
  • 384
  • 07 Jan 2025
Topic Review
Photo Manipulation
Photo manipulation involves transforming or altering a photograph using various methods and techniques to achieve desired results. Some photo manipulations are considered skillful artwork while others are frowned upon as unethical practices, especially when used to deceive the public. Other examples include being used for political propaganda, or to make a product or person look better, or simply for entertainment purposes or harmless pranks. Depending on the application and intent, some photo manipulations are considered an art form because it involves the creation of unique images and in some instances, signature expressions of art by photographic artists. For example, Ansel Adams employed some of the more common manipulations using darkroom exposure techniques, burning (darkening) and dodging (lightening) a photograph. Other examples of photo manipulation include retouching photographs using ink or paint, airbrushing, double exposure, piecing photos or negatives together in the darkroom, scratching instant films, or through the use of software-based manipulation tools applied to digital images. There are a number of software applications available for digital image manipulation, ranging from professional applications to very basic imaging software for casual users.
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  • 08 Dec 2024
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