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Topic Review
Proxy Modeling Highlighting Applications for Reservoir Engineering
Numerical models can be used for many purposes in oil and gas engineering, such as production optimization and forecasting, uncertainty analysis, history matching, and risk assessment. However, subsurface problems are complex and non-linear, and making reliable decisions in reservoir management requires substantial computational effort. Proxy models have gained much attention in recent years. They are advanced non-linear interpolation tables that can approximate complex models and alleviate computational effort. Proxy models are constructed by running high-fidelity models to gather the necessary data to create the proxy model. Once constructed, they can be a great choice for different tasks such as uncertainty analysis, optimization, forecasting, etc. The application of proxy modeling in oil and gas has had an increasing trend in recent years, and there is no consensus rule on the correct choice of proxy model. As a result, it is crucial to better understand the advantages and disadvantages of various proxy models.
  • 1.2K
  • 05 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Symmetric Difference
In mathematics, the symmetric difference, also known as the disjunctive union, of two sets is the set of elements which are in either of the sets and not in their intersection. The symmetric difference of the sets A and B is commonly denoted by or or For example, the symmetric difference of the sets [math]\displaystyle{ \{1,2,3\} }[/math] and [math]\displaystyle{ \{3,4\} }[/math] is [math]\displaystyle{ \{1,2,4\} }[/math]. The power set of any set becomes an abelian group under the operation of symmetric difference, with the empty set as the neutral element of the group and every element in this group being its own inverse. The power set of any set becomes a Boolean ring with symmetric difference as the addition of the ring and intersection as the multiplication of the ring.
  • 1.2K
  • 17 Oct 2022
Topic Review
A Systematic Approach to Healthcare Knowledge Management Systems
Big data in healthcare contain a huge amount of tacit knowledge that brings great value to healthcare activities such as diagnosis, decision support, and treatment. However, effectively exploring and exploiting knowledge on such big data sources exposes many challenges for both managers and technologists. A healthcare knowledge management system that ensures the systematic knowledge development process on various data in hospitals was proposed. It leverages big data technologies to capture, organize, transfer, and manage large volumes of medical knowledge, which cannot be handled with traditional data-processing technologies. In addition, machine-learning algorithms are used to derive knowledge at a higher level in supporting diagnosis and treatment.
  • 1.2K
  • 13 May 2022
Topic Review
DNA Cryptography
Encryption, also known as cryptography, is the most widely used approach to achieve confidentiality and verify integrity. It is also the main way to secure governments, social data and personal transactions, since all of these entities require a great amount of protection against known/unknown attacks and threats.
  • 1.2K
  • 05 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Vehicle-to-Everything and Machine Learning Applications
The fifth-generation (5G) network is the current emerging technology that meets the increasing need for higher throughputs and greater system capacities. It is expected that 5G technology will enable many new applications and services. Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication is an example of an application that is supported by 5G technology and beyond. A V2X communication system allows a vehicle to be connected to an entity, such as a pedestrian, another vehicle, infrastructure, and a network, to provide a robust transportation solution.
  • 1.2K
  • 07 May 2022
Topic Review
Machine Learning for Temperature Estimation
The modern and very effective methods of estimating the temperature of electric motors include machine learning and deep learning. Their unquestionable advantage is that on the basis of the collected measurement data, a function mapping the relationship between the values of the input features and the output is determined. This means that predictive modeling does not require knowledge of the material properties of a given device or having expertise knowledge about its construction.
  • 1.2K
  • 19 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Drone Cyber Attack Detection through Machine Learning
A smart city comprises a number of integrated components that enable its functioning and rendering of automated services to its citizens. Data generated by smart city components is facilitated for transmission across the ICT network to the next hop devices of the communication network topology. Data collection on a large scale is referred to as data volume. Analytics of collected data is contingent on the level of urgency and the computational capabilities of the controllers, edge devices and the geographic proximity of these to the central cloud platform. For instance, IoT data obtained from curb-side sensors will have to be communicated to the next hop edge device, whereupon further data processing can take place in the cloud. Data volume at a large scale is constantly communicated from resource-constrained devices, including drones, to a central cloud, for processing and subsequent decision making. Artificial Intelligence (AI) plays a significant role in accurate decision making from collected data in a smart city platform.
  • 1.2K
  • 02 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Aerial LiDAR Data Augmentation
Direct point-cloud visualisation is a common approach for visualising large datasets of aerial terrain LiDAR scans. However, because of the limitations of the acquisition technique, such visualisations often lack the desired visual appeal and quality, mostly because certain types of objects are incomplete or entirely missing (e.g., missing water surfaces, missing building walls and missing parts of the terrain). To improve the quality of direct LiDAR point-cloud rendering, we present a point-cloud processing pipeline that uses data fusion to augment the data with additional points on water surfaces, building walls and terrain through the use of vector maps of water surfaces and building outlines. In the last step of the pipeline, we also add colour information, and calculate point normals for illumination of individual points to make the final visualisation more visually appealing. We evaluate our approach on several parts of the Slovenian LiDAR dataset.
  • 1.2K
  • 04 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Bitcoin Cash
Bitcoin Cash is a cryptocurrency that is a fork of Bitcoin. Bitcoin Cash is a spin-off or altcoin that was created in 2017. In November 2018, Bitcoin Cash split further into two cryptocurrencies: Bitcoin Cash and Bitcoin SV.
  • 1.2K
  • 21 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Blockchain Applications in Agribusiness
Blockchain is a communication network where data is stored and shared in a distributed manner among all its nodes and links, eliminating any reliable authority centralized in different business models and where each node can assume coordination without a unified data center. Blockchain is a chain of blocks of information forming a distributed database where a group of people controls, records, and shares information used in various types of applications and is interconnected through platforms and hardware worldwide.
  • 1.2K
  • 27 Apr 2021
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