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Topic Review
Traffic Object Tracking Based on Satellite Videos
Object tracking is a hot topic in computer vision and remote sensing, and it typically employs a bounding box that locks onto the region of interest (ROI) when only an initial state of the target (in a video frame) is available. Thanks to the development of satellite imaging technology, various satellites with advanced onboard cameras have been launched to obtain very high resolution (VHR) satellite videos for military and civilian applications. Compared to traditional target tracking methods, satellite video target tracking is more efficient in motion analysis and object surveillance, and has shown great potential applications in spying on enemies, monitoring and protecting sea ice, fighting wildfires, and monitoring city trafficking, which traditional target tracking cannot even approach. The satellite video based traffic object tracking methods are reviewed under two headings, which are online tracking methods and offline tracking methods. Furthermore, the online tracking methods are grouped into four broad types: correlation filter (CF)-based, tracking-by-detection (TBD), deep learning (DL)-based, and optical flow-based methods. Finally, discussions on reviewed traffic tracking methods are delivered.
  • 932
  • 26 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Traffic Incident Detection Algorithms
Traffic incidents have negative impacts on traffic flow and the gross domestic product of most countries. In addition, they may result in fatalities and injuries. Thus, efficient incident detection systems have a vital role in restoring normal traffic conditions on the roads and saving lives and properties. Researchers have realized the importance of Automatic Incident Detection (AID) systems and conducted several studies to develop AID systems to quickly detect traffic incidents with an acceptable performance level. AID can be categorized into four categories: comparative, statistical, artificial intelligence-based and video–image processing algorithms.
  • 558
  • 22 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Traffic Flow Prediction
The accurate and effective prediction of the traffic flow of vehicles plays a significant role in the construction and planning of signalized road intersections. The application of artificially intelligent predictive models in the prediction of the performance of traffic flow has yielded positive results. However, much uncertainty still exists in the determination of which artificial intelligence methods effectively resolve traffic congestion issues, especially from the perspective of the traffic flow of vehicles at a four-way signalized road intersection.
  • 1.3K
  • 08 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Traffic Data Anomalies in ATSPMs
Automated traffic signal performance measures (ATSPMs) are an innovative technology that has garnered increasing attention in recent years due to their ability to collect and evaluate real-time and historical data at signalized intersections.
  • 198
  • 17 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Traditional Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping
Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) was first applied in the field of robotics. Its goal is to build a real-time map of the surrounding environment based on sensor data without any prior knowledge, and at the same time predict its own location based on the map. SLAM has attracted extensive attention from many researchers since it was first proposed in 1986 and is now a necessary capability for autonomous mobile robots.
  • 1.1K
  • 04 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Traditional Seaweed Farming Methods
The imperative to substantially expand the world’s seaweed aquaculture supply is well established in published literature and has the strong backing of virtually all global non-government organizations (NGOs). The expansion of seaweed farming is recognised as one of the best approaches to realising many of the sustainable development goals of the United Nations.
  • 1.8K
  • 27 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Traditional Approaches to Aircraft SPHM
Structural prognostics and health management (SPHM), a vital discipline in aerospace engineering, emphasizes the importance of continuous monitoring, diagnosis, and prediction of the health of aircraft structural systems. By capturing and analyzing data from a wide array of sensors and monitoring systems, SPHM systems play an instrumental role in facilitating the real-time evaluation of an aircraft’s structural integrity throughout its operational lifespan.
  • 125
  • 22 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Traditional Algal Transformation Techniques
Microalgae and cyanobacteria are photosynthetic microbes that can be grown with the simple inputs of water, carbon dioxide, (sun)light, and trace elements.
  • 2.3K
  • 12 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Tracking and Data Relay Satellite
File:TDRS Heart of Communication.ogv File:Tracking Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) Orbital Fleet Communicating with User Spacecraft.ogg File:Tracking Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) Orbital Fleet Communicating with User Spacecraft 2017 - 360 video.webm A tracking and data relay satellite (TDRS) is a type of communications satellite that forms part of the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) used by NASA and other United States government agencies for communications to and from independent "User Platforms" such as satellites, balloons, aircraft, the International Space Station, and remote bases like the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station. This system was designed to replace an existing worldwide network of ground stations that had supported all of NASA's crewed flight missions and uncrewed satellites in low-Earth orbits. The primary system design goal was to increase the amount of time that these spacecraft were in communication with the ground and improve the amount of data that could be transferred. These TDRSS satellites are all designed and built to be launched to and function in geosynchronous orbit, 35,786 km (22,236 mi) above the surface of the Earth. The first seven TDRSS satellites were built by the TRW corporation. The three later versions have been manufactured by the Boeing corporation's Satellite Systems division. Thirteen satellites have been launched; however, one was destroyed in the Challenger disaster. TDRS-1 was decommissioned in October 2009. TDRS-4 was decommissioned in December 2011. Ten TDRSS satellites are currently in service. All of the TDRSS satellites have been managed by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. The contract for TDRS versions L & K was awarded to Boeing on December 20, 2007. On November 30, 2011, NASA announced the decision to order an additional third-generation TDRS satellite, TDRS M.
  • 871
  • 04 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Tracked Locomotion Systems for Ground Mobile Robots
Service robotics is presently one of the fastest-growing technological fields. Nevertheless, while Automated Guided Vehicles (AGV) moving on flat and compact grounds are already commercially available and widely used to move components and products inside industrial buildings, the extensive application of ground mobile robots in environments that are unstructured or structured for humans is a promising challenge for the next years. The important application fields are agriculture, planetary exploration, reconnaissance in dangerous situations, such as radioactive or chemical contamination, homeland security and military operations, demining, intervention in case of terrorist attacks, and surveillance.
  • 1.3K
  • 26 Aug 2022
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