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Topic Review
Tissue Nanotransfection Chips for In Vivo Tissue Reprogramming
Tissue nanotransfection (TNT), a cutting-edge technique of in vivo gene therapy, has gained substantial attention in various applications ranging from in vivo tissue reprogramming in regenerative medicine, and wound healing to cancer treatment. This technique harnesses the advancements in the semiconductor processes, facilitating the integration of conventional transdermal gene delivery methods—nanoelectroporation and microneedle technologies. TNT silicon chips have demonstrated considerable promise in reprogramming fibroblast cells of skin in vivo into vascular or neural cells in preclinical studies to assist in the recovery of injured limbs and damaged brain tissue.
  • 173
  • 25 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Climate Change Dynamics and Energy Consumption in UAE
The implications of climate change on building energy use may be both short-term and long-term. The short-term impacts involve extreme environmental calamities, while the long-term impacts include rising sea levels due to outdoor temperature increases.
  • 142
  • 25 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Wingtip Vortices: An Extensive Review
Wingtip vortices generated from aircraft wingtips, as a result of the pressure differential at the wingtip, constitute a major component of the total drag force, especially during take-off and landing. In addition to the drag issue, these vortices also pose a significant hazard to smaller aircraft flying in the wake of the larger airplane. The wingtip vortices play a crucial role in aerodynamic efficiency, fuel consumption, flight range, and aircraft stability. 
  • 176
  • 25 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Intelligent Reflecting Surface Backscatter-Based Secrecy Enhancement
With the development of wireless communication technology, more and more private information is transmitted through public channels, which increases the risk of information leakage. An intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) can be combined with backscatter technology and integrated into the wireless communication system. The integration of backscatter in IRS can enhance the communication security of the system by utilizing the power of the interference signal emitted by the active eavesdropper. The signal reflected by the IRS can reduce the impact of the eavesdropper’s interference signal and strengthen the required signal received by the legitimate user. This dual capability enhances the reliability of communication, fortifying the received signal quality for legitimate users in the system.
  • 85
  • 25 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Machine Learning Algorithm for Service Robots in Industry
The definition of a robot by Gonzalez-Aguirre et al. has been defined in three classes with a focus on the human–robot interaction. According to the first definition, the robot completely replaces the human worker in a dangerous or polluted environment that is unsuitable for human work.
  • 141
  • 25 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Amazon Natural Fibers
The Amazon rainforest, spanning multiple countries in South America, is the world’s largest equatorial expanse, housing a vast array of relatively unknown plant and animal species. Encompassing the planet’s greatest flora, the Amazon offers a tremendous variety of plants from which natural lignocellulosic fibers (NLFs) can be extracted. In this century, NLFs, which have long been utilized by indigenous populations of the Amazon, have garnered interest as potential reinforcements for composites, whether polymer- or cement-based, in various technical applications such as packaging, construction, automotive products, and ballistic armor. A comparison with synthetic materials like glass, carbon, and aramid fibers, as well as other established NLFs, highlights the cost and specific property advantages of Amazon natural fibers (ANFs). 
  • 190
  • 25 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Infrastructure and Road Safety of Electric Vehicles
The electrification of road transport is developing dynamically around the world. Many automotive companies are introducing electric vehicles to the market, and their popularity is constantly growing. The increasing popularity of electric vehicles is caused by individual countries’ governments encouraging people to switch to electric vehicles and their lower operating costs.
  • 167
  • 25 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Pre-Processing of Signals of Wearable Sensors
Surgery is a common first-line treatment for many types of disease, including cancer. Mortality rates after major abdominal surgery have seen significant decreases whilst postoperative complications remain a frequent occurrence. Preoperative assessment tools are used to support patient risk stratification but do not always provide a precise and accessible assessment. Wearable sensors (WS) provide an accessible alternative that offers continuous monitoring in a non-clinical setting. Pre-processing involves all changes to data that are made in order to prepare the data for analysis. Pre-processing can be the most vital stage in data processing and has a large impact on the inferences that can be made from a data set.
  • 136
  • 24 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Electric Powertrain Sizing for Motorcycles
As part of the intergovernmental and public interventions to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, there are no existing regulations to ban the sale of petrol motorcycles (PM), but it is expected that motorcycle regulations will follow car regulations with several years of delay. There is an emerging trend in motorcycle uptake, which will lead to new development projects with existing brands, and new brands, and will clearly increase the need for development tools that satisfies design challenges specific to electric motorcycles (EM) and electric powertrains.
  • 216
  • 24 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Out-of-the-Lab Photoplethysmography
Photoplethysmography (PPG) is used for heart-rate monitoring in a variety of contexts and applications due to its versatility and simplicity. These applications, namely studies involving PPG data acquisition during day-to-day activities, require reliable and continuous measurements, which are often performed at the index finger or wrist.
  • 135
  • 24 Jan 2024
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