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Topic Review
Versatile Electronics for Microwave Holographic RADAR
The NATO SPS G-5014 project has shown the possibility of using a holographic RADAR for the detection of anti-personnel mines. To use the RADAR on a robotic scanning system, it must be portable, light, easily integrated with mechanical handling systems and configurable in its operating parameters for optimal performance on different terrains. The novel contribution is to use software programmable electronics to optimize performance and to use a time reference to obtain synchronization between the RADAR samples and the position in space, in order to make it easy to integrate the RADAR on robotic platforms. 
  • 403
  • 14 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Ventilation System
An additional window frame with a ventilation function is applied to the existing window. Thus, when the window is closed, a cavity, which is created between window frames, serves as an air path for ventilation. The additional frame has the same material and finishing as the existing frame, thereby ensuring design consistency. On the outside, the frame does not show any application of the mechanical system. Another advantage of the proposed system is that, as the width is 65 mm, it occupies as small an area as possible and minimally affects the view from the inside. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a generally used material for windows, is used for the ventilation system, and this system is formed in a "U"-shape consistent with the existing window frame. This system can be attached or detached on the existing window frame and does not generate either a gap or a distance in the process of installation for airtightness. The cavity is 45 mm in width, 20 mm in depth, and 1940 mm in height and serves as an air path connected to the outdoor air intake and the indoor air supply outlet.
  • 709
  • 26 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Venice Charter
The Venice Charter for the Conservation and Restoration of Monuments and Sites is a set of guidelines, drawn up in 1964 by a group of conservation professionals in Venice, that provides an international framework for the conservation and restoration of historic buildings. However, the document is now seen as outdated, representing Modernist views opposed to reconstruction. Reconstruction is now cautiously accepted by UNESCO in exceptional circumstances if it seeks to reflect a pattern of use or cultural practice that sustains cultural value, and is based on complete documentation without reliance on conjecture. The change in attitude can be marked by the reconstruction in 2015 of the Sufi mausoleums at the Timbuktu World Heritage Site in Mali after their destruction in 2012.
  • 633
  • 04 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Vehicular Ad-hoc Network
Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) are created by applying the principles of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) – the spontaneous creation of a wireless network of mobile devices – to the domain of vehicles. VANETs were first mentioned and introduced in 2001 under "car-to-car ad-hoc mobile communication and networking" applications, where networks can be formed and information can be relayed among cars. It was shown that vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-roadside communications architectures will co-exist in VANETs to provide road safety, navigation, and other roadside services. VANETs are a key part of the intelligent transportation systems (ITS) framework. Sometimes, VANETs are referred as Intelligent Transportation Networks While, in the early 2000s, VANETs were seen as a mere one-to-one application of MANET principles, they have since then developed into a field of research in their own right. By 2015,(p3) the term VANET became mostly synonymous with the more generic term inter-vehicle communication (IVC), although the focus remains on the aspect of spontaneous networking, much less on the use of infrastructure like Road Side Units (RSUs) or cellular networks.
  • 706
  • 11 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
The vehicular ad hoc network is an emerging area of technology that provides intelligent transportation systems with vast advantages and applications. Frequent disconnections between the vehicular nodes due to high-velocity vehicles impact network performance. 
  • 9.0K
  • 27 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Vehicular Ad Hoc Network
Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), which are integral to the infrastructure of intelligent transport systems, facilitate the critical exchange of information between vehicular nodes.
  • 266
  • 08 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Vehicles on Alternative Propulsion Systems
Cities are places where large concentrations of people are present, and as such, they generate large quantities of goods. In Europe, 80% of people live in urban areas. Distribution of goods is a fundamental prerequisite for the maintenance of urban life and business activity that generates income and development of urban areas. The distribution of goods within the cities leads to the emergence of "diseases in urban areas", such as traffic congestion, noise, adverse environmental impact, road safety, etc. With a view to sustainable development, increasing attention is paid to the development of environmentally friendly systems and goods transport technologies in the distribution of goods. This paper analyzes the role of vehicles on alternative propulsion systems in logistics and transport
  • 467
  • 06 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Vehicle-to-Grid Techniques
Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology has received a lot of attention as a smart interconnection solution between electric vehicles and the grid.
  • 346
  • 07 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Vehicle Tracking System
A vehicle tracking system combines the use of automatic vehicle location in individual vehicles with software that collects these fleet data for a comprehensive picture of vehicle locations. Modern vehicle tracking systems commonly use GPS or GLONASS technology for locating the vehicle, but other types of automatic vehicle location technology can also be used. Vehicle information can be viewed on electronic maps via the Internet or specialized software. Urban public transit authorities are an increasingly common user of vehicle tracking systems, particularly in large cities.
  • 1.2K
  • 04 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Vehicle Routing Problem in Evolving Urban Logistics Environment
The Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) is a combinatorial optimisation problem that aims to determine the optimal set of service sequences and routes from a depot to geographically dispersed customers, considering operational constraints.
  • 164
  • 02 Jan 2024
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