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Topic Review
Digital Twin for Heat Transition
The heat transition is a central pillar of the energy transition, aiming to decarbonize and improve the energy efficiency of the heat supply in both the private and industrial sectors. On the one hand, this is achieved by substituting fossil fuels with renewable energy. On the other hand, it involves reducing overall heat consumption and associated transmission and ventilation losses. In addition to refurbishment, digitalization contributes significantly. Despite substantial research on Digital Twins (DTs) for heat transition at different scales, a cross-scale perspective on heat optimization still needs to be developed. DTs can across various scales, from individual buildings to entire urban areas, intending to advance the transition to sustainable heating.
  • 157
  • 22 Nov 2023
Topic Review
The γ” Phase in Mg-RE-TM Alloys
In magnesium–rare earth–transition metal (Mg-RE-TM) alloys, the γ” phase (with a hexagonal structure with the space group P6¯2m) is a critical strengthening phase that can significantly improve their mechanical properties. However, compared to other phases in Mg-RE-TM alloys, research on the γ” phase is less documented, and an understanding of the γ” phase is not well established
  • 207
  • 22 Nov 2023
Topic Review
AI-Based Cyber-Attack Detection and Mitigation in Microgrids
With the inclusion of communication networks and smart metering devices, the attack surface has increased in microgrids, making them vulnerable to various cyber-attacks. The negative impact of such attacks may render the microgrids out-of-service, and the attacks may propagate throughout the network due to the absence of efficient mitigation approaches. AI-based techniques are being employed to tackle such data-driven cyber-attacks due to their exceptional pattern recognition and learning capabilities. AI-based methods for cyber-attack detection and mitigation that address the cyber-attacks in microgrids are summarized. 
  • 420
  • 22 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Multifaceted Carbon Dot Nanocatalysts
Some collaborative studies advocate the unique characteristics of unconventional materials, including carbon nanotubes, nanosheets, nanoparticles, conducting polymers, integrated nano polymers, nano enzymes, and zero-dimensional nanomaterials/carbon dots (CDs) at the atomic and molecular level to generate efficient energy from various biomass substrates. Nanotechnology-based catalysts are considered a crucial tool for revolutionizing various energy-related applications.
  • 136
  • 22 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Deep Learning Algorithms for Structural Health Monitoring
Environmental effects may lead to cracking, stiffness loss, brace damage, and other damages in bridges, frame structures, buildings, etc. Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) technology could prevent catastrophic events by detecting damage early. In recent years, Deep Learning (DL) has developed rapidly and has been applied to SHM to detect, localize, and evaluate diverse damages through efficient feature extraction. 
  • 185
  • 22 Nov 2023
Topic Review
A Smart Contract Architecture Framework for Industrial Symbiosis
Information Technologies (IT) seem to be promising to promote the development and implementation of the Industrial Symbiosis (IS) concept. For example, Blockchain technology (BCT) may have significant potential to help IS organizations collaborate and exchange data. This technology could provide a robust and reliable information management infrastructure. In particular, it could solve problems related to the lack of trust between organizations through its ability to ensure the immutability and traceability of data. In addition, through smart contracts, it can be useful to improve transparency, communication, awareness and security in IS networks.
  • 266
  • 22 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Stress Detection Using Empatica E4 and Machine Learning
In response to challenging circumstances, the human body can experience marked levels of anxiety and distress. To prevent stress-related complications, timely identification of stress symptoms is crucial, necessitating the need for continuous stress monitoring.
  • 233
  • 22 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Mechanized Blossom Thinning in Orchards
Orchard thinning can avoid biennial bearing and improve fruit quality, which is a necessary agronomic section in orchard management. The existing methods of artificial fruit thinning and chemical spraying are no longer suitable for the development of modern agriculture. With the continuous acceleration of the construction process of modern orchards, blossom thinning mechanization has become an inevitable trend in the development of the orchard flower and fruit management.
  • 289
  • 21 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Congestion Mitigation Techniques in Ultra-Dense Wireless Sensor Networks
The Internet of Things (IoT) and wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have evolved rapidly due to technological breakthroughs. WSNs generate high traffic due to the growing number of sensor nodes. Congestion is one of several problems caused by the huge amount of data in WSNs. When wireless network resources are limited and IoT devices require more and more resources, congestion occurs in extremely dense WSN-based IoT networks. Reduced throughput, reduced network capacity, and reduced energy efficiency within WSNs are all effects of congestion. These consequences eventually lead to network outages due to underutilized network resources, increased network operating costs, and significantly degraded quality of service (QoS).
  • 216
  • 21 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Effects of Shared Mobility on Transportation Systems
Shared mobility is one of the smart city applications in which traditional individually owned vehicles are transformed into shared and distributed ownership. Ensuring the safety of both drivers and riders is a fundamental requirement in shared mobility. 
  • 122
  • 21 Nov 2023
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