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Topic Review
Fully Autonomous Vehicle
Fully autonomous vehicles (AV) would potentially be one of the most disruptive technologies of our time. The extent of the prospective benefits of AVs is strongly linked to how widely they will be accepted and adopted. Monitoring and tracking of individuals' reactions and intentions to use AVs are critical.
  • 777
  • 10 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Disinfection Byproducts
Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) are formed by the action of oxidant-disinfectant chemicals, mainly chlorine derivatives (chlorine, hypochlorous acid, chloramines, etc.), that react with natural organic matter (NOM), mainly humic substances. DBPs are usually refractory to oxidation, mainly due to the presence of halogen compounds so that advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are a recommended option to deal with their removal.
  • 777
  • 23 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Geopolymers vs. Cement Matrix Materials
Geopolymers are spreading more and more in the cementitious materials field, exhibiting technological properties that are highly competitive to conventional Portland concrete mixes.
  • 777
  • 24 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Carbon Emissions from Construction in China
The construction industry’s high energy consumption and carbon emissions significantly burden the ecological environment. Numerous solid wastes and greenhouse gases (GHG) are generated as high-energy-consuming and high-emission products during the construction process. Thirty percent of China’s total energy consumption comes from construction projects.
  • 776
  • 17 May 2022
Topic Review
Shooting Star (Spacecraft)
The Shooting Star is an expendable American cargo spacecraft (transport vehicle) developed by Sierra Nevada Corporation as part of the Dream Chaser Launch System. It attaches to the back of Dream Chaser® spaceplane serving as a Service Module and holding up to 4,536 kg (10,000 lb) of supplies, cargo and experiments for the International Space Station. It is launched by ULA's Vulcan rocket and is designed to transport supplies to the International Space Station (ISS) and return items to Earth. Shooting Star can support three unpressurized payloads weighing up to 500 kg (1,100 lb) each or one payload weighing as much as 1,500 kg (3,300 lb). Once the module is at the station, the Canadarm2 robotic arm would unload the externally attached payload and install it on the station's exterior. The Shooting Star module is versatile, supplying power and ECLSS for the Dream Chaser system. It can be customized for special mission needs, such as autonomous docking to ISS instead of berthing. Upon re-entry into Earth’s atmosphere, it also performs disposal of cargo from the International Space Station.
  • 776
  • 27 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Hybrid Fibre-Coaxial
Hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC) is a telecommunications industry term for a broadband network that combines optical fiber and coaxial cable. It has been commonly employed globally by cable television operators since the early 1990s. In a hybrid fiber-coaxial cable system, the television channels are sent from the cable system's distribution facility, the headend, to local communities through optical fiber subscriber lines. At the local community, a box called an optical node translates the signal from a light beam to radio frequency (RF), and sends it over coaxial cable lines for distribution to subscriber residences. The fiberoptic trunk lines provide adequate bandwidth[weasel words] to allow future expansion and new bandwidth-intensive services.
  • 776
  • 07 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Removal Mechanisms for Emerging Contaminants
Emerging contaminants (ECs) can refer to many types of chemicals such as endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), fire retardants, therapeutics, personal care or household cleaning products, lawn care and agricultural products. These compounds can bioaccumulate in the food web and can adversely affect human health and the environment.
  • 776
  • 17 Feb 2022
Topic Review
3D Printing and Bioprinting for Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering
Recent decades have seen a plethora of regenerating new tissues in order to treat a multitude of cardiovascular diseases. Autografts, xenografts and bioengineered extracellular matrices have been employed in this endeavor. However, current limitations of xenografts and exogenous scaffolds to acquire sustainable cell viability, anti-inflammatory and non-cytotoxic effects with anti-thrombogenic properties underline the requirement for alternative bioengineered scaffolds. Herein, we sought to encompass the methods of biofabricated scaffolds via 3D printing and bioprinting, the biomaterials and bioinks recruited to create biomimicked tissues of cardiac valves and vascular networks. Experimental and computational designing approaches have also been included. Moreover, the in vivo applications of the latest studies on the treatment of cardiovascular diseases have been compiled and rigorously discussed.
  • 776
  • 03 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Sulfide Solid-State Electrolytes
Sulfide solid-state electrolytes are particularly promising for the development of high-energy all-solid-state Li metal batteries because of their high ionic conductivity and deformability. However, their unstable interface and interphase formation with electrode materials remain a great challenge.
  • 776
  • 16 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Copper-Coated Used Fuel Container
The Copper Coated Used Fuel Container is the main containment barrier in the engineered barrier system. The role of copper coated used fuel container is to provide containment for used CANDU (CANada Deuterium Uranium) fuel and any other fuel deemed acceptable for a deep geological repository in accordance with the Nuclear Fuel Waste Act (S.C. 2002, c.23) and Nuclear Waste Management Organization’s waste acceptance criteria.
  • 775
  • 07 Dec 2021
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