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Topic Review
Obesity and Selected Allergic and Immunological Diseases
Obesity is a global problem. It affects every age group and is associated with many negative health effects. As an example, there is a relationship between obesity and allergic and immunological diseases, such as asthma, psoriasis, food allergies, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis. Obesity undeniably affects their development.
  • 236
  • 21 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Golgi Apparatus in Breast Cancer Progression
Breast cancer represents a paramount global health challenge, warranting intensified exploration of the molecular underpinnings influencing its progression to facilitate the development of precise diagnostic instruments and customized therapeutic regimens.
  • 129
  • 21 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Achieving Optimum Clinical Outcomes with Vitamin D
Musculoskeletal benefits of vitamin D include calcium homeostasis, bone mineralization, etc., through its hormonal actions. This requires serum 25(OH)D less than 20 ng/mL. In contrast, many other tissues require above 30 or 40 ng/mL steady-state concentrations. To reduce infections, autoimmune diseases, cancer, and all-cause mortality require a minimum level of 50 ng/mL. Vitamin D is an economical and widely available (generic) nutrient obtained over the counter without a prescription. At the recommended doses, vitamin D does not cause any adverse effects. Disease prevention and minimizing complications and premature deaths can be achieved by maintaining serum 25(OH)D concentrations between 50 and 80 ng/mL. This costs less than 0.01% of the cost of one day of hospitalization.
  • 400
  • 21 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Cellular Defense System for Ferroptosis
Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are the most common rapidly developing neurodegenerative diseases that lead to serious health and socio-economic consequences. Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic form of cell death; there is growing evidence to support the notion that ferroptosis is involved in a variety of pathophysiological contexts, and there is increasing interest in the role of ferroptosis in PD and AD. Simultaneously, cells may have evolved four defense systems to counteract the toxic effects of ferroptosis occasioned by lipid peroxidation. 
  • 173
  • 21 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Clinical Applications of Crystalloids within Enhanced Recovery Pathways
Perioperative fluid management, a critical aspect of major surgeries, is characterized by pronounced stress responses, altered capillary permeability, and significant fluid shifts. Recognized as a cornerstone of enhanced recovery protocols, effective perioperative fluid management is crucial for optimizing patient recovery and preventing postoperative complications, especially in high-risk patients. The scientific literature has extensively investigated various fluid infusion regimens, but publications indicate that not only the volume but also the type of fluid infused significantly influences surgical outcomes.
  • 220
  • 21 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Pharmacological Activities of Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus
Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus (Rupr. & Maxim.) S.Y.Hu (E. sessiliflorus), a member of the Araliaceae family, is a valuable plant widely used for medicinal and dietary purposes. The tender shoots of E. sessiliflorus are commonly consumed as a staple wild vegetable. The fruits of E. sessiliflorus, known for their rich flavor, play a crucial role in the production of beverages and fruit wines. The root barks of E. sessiliflorus are renowned for their therapeutic effects, including dispelling wind and dampness, strengthening tendons and bones, promoting blood circulation, and removing stasis. To compile a comprehensive collection of information on E. sessiliflorus, extensive searches were conducted in databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, ProQuest, and CNKI. 
  • 260
  • 21 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Targeted Strategies for Degradation of Key Transmembrane Proteins in Cancer
Targeted protein degradation is an attractive technology for cancer treatment due to its ability to overcome the unpredictability of the small molecule inhibitors that cause resistance mutations. Various targeted protein degradation strategies have been developed based on the ubiquitin–proteasome system in the cytoplasm or the autophagy–lysosomal system during endocytosis. Here describe technologies for the targeted inhibition and targeted degradation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), one of the major transmembrane proteins responsible for the onset and progression of many types of cancer.
  • 427
  • 21 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Neonatal Hemostasis System Peculiarities and Neonatal Thrombosis
Newborns are the most vulnerable patients for thrombosis development among all children, with critically ill and premature infants being in the highest risk group. The upward trend in the rate of neonatal thrombosis could be attributed to progress in the treatment of severe neonatal conditions and the increased survival in premature babies. There are physiological differences in the hemostatic system between neonates and adults.
  • 273
  • 21 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Microbiota Changes during Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
Microbiota changes during allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has several known causes: conditioning chemotherapy and radiation, broad-spectrum antibiotic administration, modification in nutrition status and diet, and graft-versus-host disease.
  • 137
  • 21 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Inflammasomes and Colorectal Cancer
Inflammasomes are important intracellular multiprotein signaling complexes that modulate the activation of caspase-1 and induce levels of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 in response to pathogenic microorganisms and molecules that originated from host proteins. Inflammasomes play contradictory roles in the development of inflammation-induced cancers. Based on several findings, inflammasomes can initiate and promote carcinogenesis. On the contrary, inflammasomes also exhibit anticancer effects by triggering pyroptosis and immunoregulatory functions. 
  • 203
  • 21 Sep 2023
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