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Topic Review
Thiophene-Based Compounds
Thiophene derivatives provide useful intermediaries in various areas of science and industry, with a wide range of applications, and therapeutic properties. Thiophene derivatives attract both great academic interest, and interest from the agrochemical, pharmaceutical, and dye industries, as well. As to their biological and pharmacological applications, thiophene derivatives possess remarkable properties as antipsychotic, antianxiety, antifungal, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory agents. The present work provides an update on the role of thiophene-based derivatives in inflammation processes.
  • 1.5K
  • 09 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Targeting hypoxia-driven metabolic reprogramming
Hypoxia-driven metabolic adaptation of cancer cells revolutionizes the current understanding of hypoxia-associated tumor development and progression. Several hypoxia-responsive molecular determinants, such as hypoxia-inducible factors, guide the cellular adaptation to hypoxia by gene activation, which is critical for promoting malignant progression in the hostile tumor microenvironment. This article fully recaps the major research progress in this topic in order to assess its potential as a targetable pathway to better combat cancer and overcome treatment resistance. Knowledge from this article facilitates cancer researchers to sharpen their focus on gaining mechanistic insights into metabolic transformation in hypoxic cancers and developing novel strategies to target tumor metabolic rewiring driven by hypoxia, which would open avenues to improve the management of tumor hypoxia.
  • 1.5K
  • 11 Aug 2020
Topic Review
Microneedles for Cancer Treatment
Microneedles (MNs) are tiny needle like structures used in drug delivery through layers of the skin. They are non-invasive and are associated with significantly less or no pain at the site of administration to the skin. MNs are excellent in delivering both small and large molecules to the subjects in need thereof. There exist several strategies for drug delivery using MNs, wherein each strategy has its pros and cons. Research in this domain lead to product development and commercialization for clinical use. Additionally, several MN-based products are undergoing clinical trials to evaluate its safety, efficacy, and tolerability. 
  • 1.5K
  • 10 Jan 2021
Topic Review
3D-Bioprinting for Chronic Wound
Skin substitutes can provide a temporary or permanent treatment option for chronic wounds. The selection of skin substitutes depends on several factors, including the type of wound and its severity. Full-thickness skin grafts (SGs) require a well-vascularised bed and sometimes will lead to contraction and scarring formation. Besides, donor sites for full-thickness skin grafts are very limited if the wound area is big, and it has been proven to have the lowest survival rate compared to thick- and thin-split thickness. Tissue engineering technology has introduced new advanced strategies since the last decades to fabricate the composite scaffold via the 3D-bioprinting approach as a tissue replacement strategy. Considering the current global donor shortage for autologous split-thickness skin graft (ASSG), skin 3D-bioprinting has emerged as a potential alternative to replace the ASSG treatment. The three-dimensional (3D)-bioprinting technique yields scaffold fabrication with the combination of biomaterials and cells to form bioinks. 
  • 1.5K
  • 08 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Nutritional Value of Plant Proteins
The quality and nutritional value of dietary proteins are determined by the quantity, digestibility and bioavailability of essential amino acids (EAA), which play a critical role in human growth, longevity and metabolic health. Plant-source protein is often deficient in one or more EAAs (e.g., branched-chain amino acids, lysine, methionine and/or tryptophan) and, in its natural form, is less digestible than animal-source protein. Nevertheless, dietary intake of plant-source protein has been promoted because of its potential health benefits, lower cost of production and lower environmental impact compared to animal-source protein. Implementation of dietary strategies that improve both human and planetary health are of critical importance and subject to growing interest from researchers and consumers. 
  • 1.5K
  • 05 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Microbial Hyaluronic Acid Production
Microbial production of hyaluronic acid (HA) is an area of research that has been gaining attention in recent years due to the increasing demand for this biopolymer for several industrial applications. Hyaluronic acid is a linear, non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan that is widely distributed in nature and is mainly composed of repeating units of N-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid. It has a wide and unique range of properties such as viscoelasticity, lubrication, and hydration, which makes it an attractive material for several industrial applications such as cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and medical devices.
  • 1.5K
  • 02 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Animal Foods' Lactic Acid Bacteria
A variety of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains, which are either part of the autochthonous microbiota or introduced into animal products, have potential beneficial applications for the preservation of such products and/or for consumer health. Many foods obtained from fermented products of animal origin, such as meat, fish, and dairy, contain living microorganisms that are phylogenetically similar to probiotic LAB as part of the microbiota that directs their fermentation process and is responsible for their unique character. Fermented foods, such as cultured milk, yogurt, cheese, fermented sausage, and certain types of wine, are obtained through enzymatic reactions resulting from controlled microbial growth, in which the main microbial effectors comprise, primarily, LAB and their metabolites.
  • 1.5K
  • 17 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Choline
Choline is an essential micronutrient with a pivotal role in several metabolic pathways contributing to liver, neurological, and hematological homeostasis. Although choline is commonly administered to improve physical performance, its effects on muscle are still unclear. Our scoping review elucidates and summarizes thecrucial role of choline in modulating muscle fat metabolism, muscle proteins homeostasis, and themodulation of inflammation and autophagy.
  • 1.5K
  • 28 Jul 2020
Topic Review
UV Filters
The use of sunscreens is a recommended practice to protect skin from solar-induced damage. Around 30 UV filters can be used in sunscreen products in the European Union. However, low photostability and putative toxicity for humans and environment have been reported for some UV filters. Therefore, it is important to develop new UV filters with improved safety profile and photostability. Over the last two decades, nearly 200 new compounds have revealed promising photoprotection properties. The explored compounds were obtained through different approaches, including exploration of natural sources, synthetic pathways, and nanotechnology. Almost 50 natural products and around 140 synthetic derivatives have been studied aiming the discovery of novel, effective, and safer future photoprotective agents. 
  • 1.5K
  • 05 May 2022
Topic Review
Neurological Effects of Tualang Honey
Tualang honey exerted neurological effects namely nootropic, antinociceptive, stress-relieving, anti-depressant, and anxiolytic. These effects are attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
  • 1.5K
  • 23 Sep 2021
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