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Topic Review
tPA and NF-kB Signaling in Renal Inflammation
Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is a serine protease regulating the homeostasis of blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, and matrix degradation, and has been shown to act as a cytokine to trigger various receptor-mediated intracellular signal pathways, modulating macrophage function in response to kidney injury. 
  • 244
  • 21 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Molecular Targeted Therapy in Children with Hematological Malignancies
Targeted therapy differs from the conventional cytotoxic therapy in its specificity of targeted pathways that can halt the growth and spread of cancer cells rather than killing indiscriminately every rapidly dividing cell. Since 1985 when the first agent targeting antigens on the surface of lymphocytes was approved (muromonab-CD3), a multitude of such therapies have been used in children with hematologic malignancies. 
  • 291
  • 21 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Methods for DDIs Mediated by Renal Transporters
Drug–drug interactions (DDIs) are a key issue in clinical rational administration and post-marketing pharmacovigilance. Since the 1980s, with the development of molecular biology, the study of renal transporters has made rapid progress. The exploration of these transporters has helped to improve drug safety and efficacy, played an important role in understanding drug toxicity and DDIs, and also provided a theoretical basis for improving drug targeting. Regarding renal transporters, researchers and drug discovery scientists have studied a lot in the field of their mediated DDIs, from traditional models to recent biomarker methods and in silico models.
  • 319
  • 21 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy in Gynecologic Oligometastases
Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) allows for the high-precision delivery of a large dose of radiation to a small area. SBRT has shown overall survival benefits in a variety of oligometastatic cancers. No prospective randomized study specifically evaluated the impact of SBRT in recurrent or oligometastatic gynecologic cancer (ROMGC). SBRT has been shown to provide excellent local control with low toxicity in gynecologic oligometastases, even in chemorefractory disease. 
  • 239
  • 21 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Impact of Sex Hormones on Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Several chronic liver diseases are characterized by a clear gender disparity. Among them, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) shows significantly higher incidence rates in men than in women. The different epidemiological distribution of risk factors for liver disease and HCC only partially accounts for these gender differences. In fact, the liver is an organ with recognized sexual dysmorphism and is extremely sensitive to the action of androgens and estrogens. Sex hormones act by modulating the risk of developing HCC and influencing its aggressiveness, response to treatments, and prognosis. Furthermore, androgens and estrogens are able to modulate the action of other factors and cofactors of liver damage (e.g., chronic HBV infection, obesity), significantly influencing their carcinogenic power.
  • 420
  • 21 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Extracellular Succinate
Extracellular succinate induces cellular changes and tissue adaptation or damage by ligating cell surface succinate receptor-1 (SUCNR-1) and activating downstream signaling pathways and transcriptional programs.
  • 384
  • 21 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Kiwifruit’s Allergy in Children
Kiwifruit allergy is an emerging pathological condition in both general and pediatric populations with a wide range of symptoms linked to variable molecular patterns, justifying systemic and cross-reactions with other allergens (i.e., latex, pollen, and fruit). Skin prick test (SPT), specific serum IgE (Act d 1, Act d 2, Act d 5, Act d 8, and Act d 10) directed against five out of thirteen molecular allergens described in the literature, and oral test challenge with kiwifruit are available for defining diagnosis. 
  • 336
  • 21 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Antiplatelet Therapies in Current Clinical Practice
Antiplatelet therapy plays a crucial role in a number of cardiovascular disorders.
  • 165
  • 21 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Redefining Precision Management of r/r Large B-Cell Lymphoma
The treatment paradigms for patients with relapsed large B-cell lymphoma are expanding. Chimeric antigen receptor technology (CAR-T) has revolutionized the management of these patients. Novel bispecific antibodies and antibody–drug conjugates, used as chemotherapy-free single agents or in combination with other novel therapeutics, have been quickly introduced into the real-world setting. With such a paradigm shift, patients have an improved chance of better outcomes with unpredictable complete remission rates. 
  • 1.4K
  • 21 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Molecular, Cellular and Genetic Aspects of Peri-Implantitis
Peri-implantitis is a multi-factorial disease with an inflammatory background that occurs in both soft and hard tissues surrounding implants. A wide array of cells stands behind peri-implantitis, as well as cytokines and their genetic variations that take part in the process. Recently, growing interest in this topic has led to the introduction of specific new diagnostic tools to enable a better understanding of patients’ responses to treatment and, in turn, to even enable prediction of the risk of developing peri-implant disease.
  • 354
  • 21 Jul 2023
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