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Topic Review
Applications of Self-Reparable Antimicrobial Polysiloxanes
Organosilicon polymers (silicones) are an important part of material chemistry and a well-established commercial product segment with a wide range of applications. Silicones are of enduring interest due to their unique properties and utility. New application areas for silicone-based materials have emerged, such as stretchable electronics, wearable stress sensors, smart coatings, and soft robotics.
  • 182
  • 14 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Applications of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles in Cancer
Cancer is recognized as one of the world’s most deadly diseases in its different forms. In the field of nanotechnology, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) play a vital role with a wide range of diverse applications, namely drug delivery, clinical medicine, and cancer therapeutics. SLNs establish a significant role owing to their ability to encapsulate hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds, biocompatibility, ease of surface modification, scale-up feasibility, and possibilities of both active and passive targeting to various organs. In cancer therapy, SLNs have emerged as imminent nanocarriers for overcoming physiological barriers and multidrug resistance pathways.
  • 323
  • 03 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Applications of Superhydrophobic Wood Surfaces
Wood is a renewable material that has been widely utilized as indoor and outdoor construction and decoration material in our daily life. Although wood has many advantages (i.e., light weight, high strength, low price and easy machinability), it has some drawbacks that influence dimensional stability, cracking and decay resistance in real practical applications. To mitigate these issues, superhydrophobic surfaces have been introduced to wood substrates, creating superhydrophobic wood surfaces (SHWSs) that can improve stability, water resistance, ultraviolet radiation resistance and flame retardancy. Due to excellent surface superhydrophobicity, SHWSs has been extensively utilized in various fields, including anti-fungi, anti-bacteria, oil/water separation, fire resistance, anti-UV irradiation, photo-response, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, anti-icing and wood-based devices.
  • 154
  • 19 May 2023
Topic Review
Applications of Surface Modified by Electrical Discharge Coating
Electrical discharge coating (EDC) process is used to deposit material on workpiece surface from sacrificial or green compact tool electrode in an electrical discharge machine.  Electrical discharge coating is an advanced and simple coating process that is applied for conductive materials due to the certain advantages, i.e., good adhesion among the parent material and coating, high efficiency to achieve thick coating, and ability to balance the composition of coated layer by using proper tool electrode material and dielectric fluid.
  • 917
  • 24 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Applications of Tactile Sensing
Extensive research has been conducted on the development of high-performance flexible tactile sensors, pursuing the next generation of highly intelligent electronics with diverse potential applications in self-powered wearable sensors, human–machine interactions, electronic skin, and soft robotics. Among the most promising materials that have emerged in this context are functional polymer composites (FPCs), which exhibit exceptional mechanical and electrical properties, enabling them to be excellent candidates for tactile sensors.
  • 358
  • 25 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Applications of the PowderMEMS Microstructures
PowderMEMS is a powder-based microfabrication technology for substrate-level integration of three-dimensional functional microstructures into MEMS devices. The wide choice of materials and customizable properties opens a multitude of applications for the PowderMEMS technology. Next to the shape and volume of the 3D structure itself, additional application-specific physical and chemical characteristics can be controlled by choice of the particles and the ALD layer
  • 337
  • 15 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Applications of Transglutaminase
Stabilization and reusability of enzyme transglutaminase (TGM) are important goals for the enzymatic process since immobilizing TGM plays an important role in different technologies and industries. TGM can be used in many applications. Enzyme TGM gained much attention due mainly to its potential for industrial applications. In their earlier uses, TGMs focused mostly on the cheesemaking processes, mainly improving the characteristics of the cheese itself. Later on, beverage properties were being improved by decreasing viscosity and solubility increases, as well as reduction in yoghurt syneresis. Therefore, the majority of investigations of applying TGMs in different processes focused mostly on improving the functional properties of proteins that can be utilized to develop improved food ingredients, such as crosslinked milk powders and high-added food products. Such improvements were also possible due to the different immobilization techniques of TGM.
  • 396
  • 16 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Applications of Transistor-Based Biochemical Sensors
Transistor-based biochemical sensors feature easy integration with electronic circuits and non-invasive real-time detection. They have been widely used in intelligent wearable devices, electronic skins, and biological analyses and have shown broad application prospects in intelligent medical detection. Field-effect transistor (FET) sensors have high sensitivity, reasonable specificity, rapid response, and portability and provide unique signal amplification during biochemical detection. Organic field-effect transistor (OFET) sensors are lightweight, flexible, foldable, and biocompatible with wearable devices. Organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) sensors convert biological signals in body fluids into electrical signals for artificial intelligence analysis. In addition to biochemical markers in body fluids, electrophysiology indicators such as electrocardiogram (ECG) signals and body temperature can also cause changes in the current or voltage of transistor-based biochemical sensors. When modified with sensitive substances, sensors can detect specific analytes, improve sensitivity, broaden the detection range, and reduce the limit of detection (LoD). 
  • 421
  • 29 May 2023
Topic Review
Applications of Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) nanosheets have shown extensive applications due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. However, the low light absorption efficiency limits their application in optoelectronics. By rolling up 2D TMDCs nanosheets, the one-dimensional (1D) TMDCs nanoscrolls are formed with spiral tubular structure, tunable interlayer spacing, and opening ends. Due to the increased thickness of the scroll structure, the light absorption is enhanced. Meanwhile, the rapid electron transportation is confined along the 1D structure. 
  • 215
  • 31 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Applications of Valuable Compounds from Fermented Residues
Significant amounts of fermented food waste are generated worldwide, promoting an abundance of residual biomass that can be used as raw material to extract bioactive peptides, fermentable sugars, polyphenols, and valuable compounds for synthesizing bioproducts. Therefore, generating these high-value-added products reduces the environmental impact caused by waste disposal and increases the industrial economic value of the final products. The fermentation process favors the synthesis of products with high added value. However, the use of fermentation also leads to the production of fermentative residues containing metabolites, extracellular enzymes, and other byproducts generated by microbiological metabolism. 
  • 429
  • 04 Nov 2023
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