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Topic Review
Journal Micromachines
Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X) first launched in 2010，initially published as a quarterly journal，and received 1st Impact Factor in July 2014. In 2015，Micromachines was transferred to a monthly journal. Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X) is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal, which provides an advanced forum for studies on micro/nano-scaled structures, materials, devices, systems as well as related micro- and nanotechnology from fundamental research to applications. The journal publishes reviews, original research articles, and communications in this field. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their theoretical and experimental results in as much detail as possible. Therefore, there is no restriction on the length of the papers or the number of electronic supplementary files. Full details on experiments, materials and methods must be provided for a research article so that the results can be reproduced. Micromachines is covered by the Science Citation Index Expanded (Web of Science), Ei Compendex, Scopus, and PubMed, and its 2019 impact factor is 2.523. 
  • 1.9K
  • 26 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Journal Inorganics
Inorganics (ISSN 2304-6740; CODEN: INORCW) is an international, scientific, peer-reviewed, open access journal of inorganic chemistry published monthly online by MDPI.  It has been indexed in Chemical Abstracts, Scopus, and Web of Science.
  • 723
  • 26 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Structure of Oxide Perovskite
Materials crystalizing in the perovskite crystal structure are common crystals that are currently employed for multiples applications, including transistors, solar cells, light-emitting devices, memories, catalysts, and superconductors.One of the biggest players within the perovskite structures is the family of oxide perovskites. This is a prominent family with the general formula of ABO3, where A commonly designates an alkaline or rare earth metal cation, occupying the 12-fold coordinated cuboctahedral cages of the oxygen sub-lattice, and B stands for a transition-metal cation (e.g., Fe, Ni, Mn, Co, Cu, or Ti) coordinated with six oxygen atoms in an octahedral coordination. In fact, in the perovskite structure, distortions frequently occur due to the deviation from ideal values of ionic size ratios between the different A, B, and O sites of the crystal. In addition, A or B cations may have distinctive sizes and valences that could result into oxygen non-stoichiometry, involving both oxygen excess and/or oxygen deficiency.
  • 4.1K
  • 24 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells, Dopants
Tin-based perovskite solar cells exist in p-i-n or n-i-p configurations alternating the position of the electron transport (n) and hole transport layer (p). Therefore, during fabrication of these layered devices, it is very common to encounter energy level mismatches and defects at the interface. The simplest trick to improve the performance of tin-based perovskite solar cells is to add an interfacial layer to minimise the energy mismatch and defects at interfaces.
  • 721
  • 24 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Global Plastic Waste is Increasing
Global plastic waste is increasing rapidly. In general, densely populated regions generate tons of plastic waste daily, which is sometimes disposed of on land or diverged to sea. Most of the plastics created in the form of waste have complex degradation behavior and are non-biodegradable by nature. These remain intact in the environment for a long time span and potentially originate complications within terrestrial and marine life ecosystems. The strategic management of plastic waste and recycling can preserve environmental species and associated costs. 
  • 1.1K
  • 24 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Grain Boundary Diffusion Sources
Grain boundary diffusion process provides a promising way to enhance coercivity for Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets with a tiny consumption of critical rare earth resources. By this method, during a diffusion heat treatment, diffusion sources infiltrate from magnet surface into interior of magnet through melting grain boundary phases. Nowadays, 3 generations of grain boundary diffusion sources haven been developed, i.e., heavy rare earth based, light rare earth based, and non-rare earth based sources.
  • 499
  • 24 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Bimetallic Nanocrystals
Bimetallic nanocrystals are nanoscale crystals composed of two different metal elements. Bimetallic nanocrystals are expected to exhibit improved physical and chemical properties due to the synergistic effect between the two metals, not just a combination of two monometallic properties, which have important applications in the field of catalysis, energy conversion, gas sensing and bio-detection applications. 
  • 489
  • 23 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Surface-Functionalized Separator
The surface-modified separator plays a role in improving the electrolyte wettability, homogenizing Li+flux, and strengthening the mechanical/thermal property. Due to these favorable benefits, the formation of sharp Li dendrite is efficiently suppressed and the thermal stability of battery is greatly enhanced. In this article, separator-coating materials are classified into six categories in terms of material characteristics to show how each material has different electrochemical properties. We believe that the suggested approach would become a powerful strategy to improve the performance and stability of next-generation batteries such as lithium-metal batteries.
  • 1.1K
  • 23 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Medicine
This entry focuses on the latest developments in regenerative medicine, in which iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) play a crucial role for tissue engineering and cell therapy. IONPs are not only enabling the use of non-invasive observation methods to monitor the therapy, but can also accelerate and enhance regeneration, either thanks to their inherent magnetic properties or by functionalization with bioactive or therapeutic compounds, such as drugs, enzymes and growth factors. In addition, the presence of magnetic fields can direct IONP-labeled cells specifically to the site of action or induce cell differentiation into a specific cell type through mechanotransduction.
  • 458
  • 22 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Oxide Bioceramic Composites
Ceramic composites based on alumina and zirconia have found a wide field of application in the present century in orthopedic joint replacements, and their use in dentistry is spreading. The development of this class of bioceramic composites was started in the 1980s, but the first clinical applications of the total hip replacement joint were introduced in the market only in the early 2000s. Since then, several composite systems were introduced in joint replacements. These materials are classified as Zirconia-Toughened Alumina if alumina is the main component or as Alumina-Toughened Zirconia when zirconia is the main component. In addition, some of them may contain a third phase based on strontium exa-aluminate. The flexibility in device design due to the excellent mechanical behavior of this class of bioceramics results in a number of innovative devices for joint replacements in the hip, the knee, and the shoulder, as well in dental implants.
  • 482
  • 22 Sep 2021
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