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Topic Review
Recent Advances in A3 Coupling with Metal Salts
Recent advances in the metal salt catalysed multicomponent reaction of aldehydes, amines, and alkynes, known as A3 coupling, which yields propargylamines, a valuable organic scaffold.
  • 1.2K
  • 04 Jul 2022
Topic Review
X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is a qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis technique. It is surface-sensitive due to its limited sampling depth, which confines the analysis only to the outer few top-layers of the material surface. This enables researchers to understand the surface composition of the sample and how the chemistry influences its interaction with the environment. 
  • 732
  • 02 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Michael Addition of Carbonyl Compounds to α,β-Unsaturated Nitroalkenes
The proline-catalyzed asymmetric Michael addition reaction of acetaldehyde with α,β-unsaturated nitroalkenes as synthetically useful routes to β-substituted derivatives of γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA).
  • 2.0K
  • 01 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Role of Water in B-Form DNA
DNA in the cell is rarely naked but normally protein-bound in nucleosomes. Of special interest is the DNA bound to other factors that control its key functions of transcription, replication, and repair. For these several transactions of DNA, the state of hydration plays an important role in its function, and therefore needs to be defined in as much detail as possible. High-resolution crystallography of short B-form duplexes shows that the mixed polar and apolar surface of the major groove binds water molecules over the broad polar floor of the groove in a sequence-dependent varied manner.
  • 401
  • 01 Jul 2022
Topic Review
HDAC Inhibitors in Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an urgent as well as huge medical challenge, which is associated with poor prognosis and responsiveness to chemotherapies. Since epigenetic changes are highly implicated in TNBC tumorigenesis and development, inhibitors of histone deacetylases (HDACIs) could represent a promising therapeutic strategy.
  • 548
  • 01 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Electrochemical (Bio)Sensors Based on Covalent Organic Frameworks
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are defined as crystalline organic polymers with programmable topological architectures using properly predesigned building blocks precursors. Since the development of the first COF in 2005, many works are emerging using this kind of material for different applications, such as the development of electrochemical sensors and biosensors. COF shows superb characteristics, such as tuneable pore size and structure, permanent porosity, high surface area, thermal stability, and low density. Apart from these special properties, COF’s electrochemical behaviour can be modulated using electroactive building blocks. Furthermore, the great variety of functional groups that can be inserted in their structures makes them interesting materials to be conjugated with biological recognition elements, such as antibodies, enzymes, DNA probe, aptamer, etc. Moreover, the possibility of linking them with other special nanomaterials opens a wide range of possibilities to develop new electrochemical sensors and biosensors.
  • 375
  • 30 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Hybrid Nanobioengineered Nanomaterial-Based Electrochemical Biosensors
Nanobioengineered-based hybrid electrochemical biosensors exploit the synergistic properties of hybrid systems that connect biomolecules with nanomaterials to engineer highly sensitive biosensing platforms for the specific electrochemical detection of different target analytes.
  • 712
  • 30 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Templated Twist Structure Liquid Crystals and Photonic Applications
Twist structure liquid crystals (TSLCs) have attracted increasing attention in photonic applications due to their distinct properties: Bragg reflection, scattering, and optical rotation. However, there exist some issues due to the defects of TSLCs: weak thermal stability, narrow bandwidth, and complicated fabrication. The templating technique which includes device structure, templating process, and photonic properties of templated TSLCs to improve the issues was introduced. Furthermore, a variety of photonic applications including lasing, optical filters and gratings based on TSLCs with polymer templates are presented. Additionally, other applications of TSLCs are briefly introduced. Finally, the remaining challenges and future perspectives of templated TSLCs are proposed.
  • 460
  • 29 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Architecture of E-Textiles
E-textiles are the traditional textiles of different hierarchies embedded with multifunctional nanomaterials to be utilized in different areas, for instance, human motion monitoring, i.e., joints bending, walking, running, facial expression, vocal vibration, pulse, breathing, laughing, etc., healthcare applications, i.e., EMG, ECG, EEG, sleep monitoring, drug delivery, cell culture, etc., thermal heating, electromagnetic shielding, antimicrobial protection, self-cleaning, energy storage/harvesting, fire alarm, electronic display, color-changing, etc. with a wide spectrum of functions by mitigating the wear complexities associated with non-flexible and bulky wearable electronics. 
  • 847
  • 29 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Nanostructures as Drug Delivery Systems
Lyotropic liquid crystals (LLC) result from the self-assembly process of amphiphilic molecules, such as lipids, into water, being organized in different mesophases. The non-lamellar formed mesophases, such as bicontinuous cubic (forming cubosomes) and inverse hexagonal (forming hexosomes), attract great scientific interest in the field of pharmaceutical nanotechnology. Non-lamellar LLC nanosystems can be utilized as drug delivery nanosystems, as well as for protein, peptide, and nucleic acid delivery. They exhibit major advantages, including stimuli-responsive properties for the “on demand” drug release and the ability for controlled release, by manipulating their internal conformation properties and their administration by different routes. Moreover, non-lamellar LLC nanosystems exhibit unique adjuvant properties to activate the immune system, being ideal for the development of novel vaccines. 
  • 771
  • 29 Jun 2022
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