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Topic Review
Two Grain Refinement Modes for Treating Metallic Materials
Metallic materials have been widely used as orthopedic implants in clinics for their good mechanical, physical, and chemical properties, but their slow osseointegration rate is still one of the main issues causing implantation failure. Grain refinement has recently attracted wide attention for its effective improvement of cell–material interaction for biometals.
  • 289
  • 26 May 2022
Biography
Tushar Kanti Das Roy
Tushar K. Das Roy, researcher and technologist, science popularizer, entrepreneur, was born in Bangladesh, India. He graduated from the University of Calcutta, India, where he received his Engineering Degree, later moved to Berlin, Germany and there he obtained his Diplomm-Ingenierung at the University of Berlin, Germany; his title of Dr.-Ing. he got it from TU-Clausthal, Germany. He worked
  • 876
  • 02 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Tumor Polyamine-Suppressing Strategy
Several tumor polyamine-suppressing strategies have been developed, as follows. (1) Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase 1 (AMD1) are important for polyamine synthesis. The α-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), which acts as an irreversible suicide inhibitor of ODC, has been used to prevent and treat multiple cancers, such as pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, lung carcinoma, neuroblastoma, endometrial cancer, and osteosarcoma. (2) Highly regulated catabolic pathways are utilized to control the intracellular polyamine pool. The modulation of the polyamine catabolic enzyme produces decreasing polyamine content and induces the generation of toxic compounds. (3) Some inhibitors targeting the polyamine transport system (PTS) can hinder polyamine import and antagonize polyamine uptake. (4) Synthetic polyamines, including polyamine analogs and polyamine conjugates, possess anticancer activity against tumor cells.
  • 511
  • 01 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Tumor Microenvironment of Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is one of the leading causes of gynecologic malignancies. Despite treatment with surgery and chemotherapy, OvCa disseminates and recurs frequently, reducing the survival rate for patients. There is an urgent need to develop more effective treatment options for women diagnosed with OvCa. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a key driver of disease progression, metastasis and resistance to treatment. For this reason, 3D models have been designed to represent this specific niche and allow more realistic cell behaviors compared to conventional 2D approaches. 
  • 516
  • 06 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Tube High-Pressure Shearing
Tube high-pressure shearing (t-HPS) is a deformation processing, in which a tubular sample is subjected to azimuthal shearing under a hydrostatic pressure. The shear plane is in parallel to the cylindrical surface of the tube, and the shear direction is in the azimuthal direction. 
  • 504
  • 25 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Tropylium Ion
The tropylium ion is a non-benzenoid aromatic species that works as a catalyst. This chemical entity brings about a large number of organic transformations, such as hydroboration reactions, ring contraction, the trapping of enolates, oxidative functionalization, metathesis, insertion, acetalization, and trans-acetalization reactions. The tropylium ion also functions as a coupling reagent in synthetic reactions. This cation’s versatility can be seen in its role in the synthesis of macrocyclic compounds and cage structures.
  • 1.6K
  • 01 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Triterpenes as Bioactive Natural Products
Natural products (NP) are one of the main sources of diverse pharmacologically active compounds. NPs and NP-scaffolds comprise a large portion of current-day pharmaceutical agents (over 70% of FDA-approved drugs). 
  • 587
  • 11 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Triptycene Synthesis and Derivatization
Since the discovery of triptycenes, great progress has been made regarding their synthetic methodology and the understanding of inter- and intramolecular interactions that involve triptycenes. Several new synthetic approaches have been developed in the last few years, and progress has been made in the context of sterically congested triptycenes and regioselective synthesis of various derivatives.
  • 2.4K
  • 06 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Tribological Performance of Composites
One of the most widely used wastes is their utilization as fillers or reinforcements in the metal- or polymer-based composites. The reuse of wastes for the production of tribological materials gives not only environmental benefits related to the transformation of waste into raw materials but also may improve the mechanical and tribological properties of such materials. Moreover, the use of waste reduces the production costs resulting from the lower price of filler materials and longer service life of developed products. 
  • 536
  • 20 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Triboelectric Nanogenerators in Sustainable Chemical Sensors
The rapid development of sensing technology has created an urgent need for chemical sensor systems that can be rationally integrated into efficient, sustainable, and wearable electronic systems. In this case, the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is expected to be a major impetus to such innovation because it can not only power the sensor by scavenging mechanical energies and transforming them into electricity but also act as the chemical sensor itself due to its intrinsic sensitivity towards the chemical reaction that occurs at the triboelectric interface.
  • 508
  • 24 Nov 2022
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