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Topic Review
The Genus Lagochilus (Lamiaceae)
The genus Lagochilus (Lamiaceae) is native to Central, South-Central, and Eastern Asia. 
  • 825
  • 29 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Modelling Metallic Magnetic Nanoparticles
Recent years have seen a significant growth in the use of metallic magnetic nanoparticles due to the versatile functionality which is intrinsically linked to their morphology, where both the particle size and shape contribute to the prominent magnetic features. The aim of this entry is to establish the predictive power of computational modelling in explaining these phenomena at the atomic level, allowing researches to find the link between the size, shape, and ligand-mediated property changes which will facilitate design of the tuning strategies for the realisation of application-specific magnetic behaviour at the nanoscale.
  • 825
  • 09 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Synthesis of N,N'-Chelate Organoboron Derivatives
N,N′-chelate organoboron compounds have been successfully applied in bioimaging, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), functional polymer, photocatalyst, electroluminescent (EL) devices, and other science and technology areas. However, the concise and efficient synthetic methods become more and more significant for material science, biomedical research, or other practical science.
  • 825
  • 31 Mar 2021
Topic Review
Reactive Ni–Al-Based Materials
Energetic materials are substances or mixtures in which, under the action of external forces, self-sustaining chemical reactions occur with the release of a large amount of energy. A promising group of energetic materials are reactive structural materials (RSMs), consisting of two or more solids, usually nonexplosive metallic or nonmetallic powders, in which an exothermic reaction can occur after high-velocity impact and penetration into a target. As a rule, thermite, intermetallic, metal-fluoropolymer systems and metastable intermixed composites are used as RSMs.
  • 824
  • 23 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Applications of Nanoparticles
In recent times, metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have been regarded as having important commercial utility. However, the potential toxicity of these nanomaterials has also been a crucial research concern. In this regard, an important solution for ensuring lower toxicity levels and thereby facilitating an unhindered application in human consumer products is the green synthesis of these particles. Although a naïve approach, the biological synthesis of metal oxide NPs using microorganisms and plant extracts opens up immense prospects for the production of biocompatible and cost-effective particles with potential applications in the healthcare sector. 
  • 824
  • 07 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Chinese Herb-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles by Phytonanotechnology
Biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are potential antimicrobial agents commonly used in clinical treatment, such as wound dressing, topical ointments and anticancer agents. Recently, AgNPs with leaf and root extract ofPanax ginsenghave been successfully synthesized and showed potential antimicrobial activity. Different parts of Chinese herbs, including leaves, stenches, roots, and fruit extract, are widely applied for curing diseases.
  • 823
  • 29 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Carbon Nanotubes in Nanocomposite Mixed-Matrix Membranes
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a popular material for gas separation because their walls are naturally smooth, allowing for faster gas transit than other inorganic fillers. It also has excellent mechanical strength, allowing membranes to work under high pressure. Although CNTs have superior qualities to other inorganic fillers, incorporating them into a polymer matrix is difficult due to CNTs' strong van der Waals forces, which cause agglomeration. CNT dispersion must be addressed if the full potential of CNTs is to be realized.
  • 823
  • 17 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Green Chemistry Principles for Cellulose-Based Hydrogels
Hydrogels are 3D structures consisting of hydrophilic polymer networks. They can adsorb water and biological fluids in high quantities (up to 1000 times their dry weight). Cellulose is a hydrophilic material. It has inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces that cause many problems regarding its dissolution.
  • 823
  • 02 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Hybrid Graphene/Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites
Graphene with fascinating properties has been deemed as an excellent reinforcement for cementitious composites, enabling construction materials to be smarter, stronger, and more durable. However, some challenges such as dispersion issues and high costs, hinder the direct incorporation of graphene-based reinforcement fillers into cementitious composites for industrial production. The combination of graphene with conventional fibers to reinforce cement hence appears as a more promising pathway especially towards the commercialization of graphene for cementitious materials.  This entry introduces the preparation and the enhancement of hybrid graphene-fiber reinforced cementitious composites.
  • 822
  • 09 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Ecuadorian Medicinal Plants
The use of plants as therapeutic agents is part of the traditional medicine that is practiced by many indigenous communities in Ecuador.
  • 822
  • 29 Mar 2022
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