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Topic Review
Electrolysis of Industrial Wastewater
Water electrolysis is a powerful technology for producing high-purity H2, with negligible emission of greenhouse gases and compatibility with renewable energy sources. Additionally, the electrolysis of organic compounds, such as lignin, is a promising method for localised H2 production, as it requires lower cell voltages than conventional water electrolysis. Industrial wastewater can be employed in those organic electrolysis systems due to their high organic content, decreasing industrial pollution through wastewater disposal. Electrocoagulation, indirect electrochemical oxidation, anodic oxidation, and electro-Fenton are effective electrochemical methods for treating industrial wastewater.
  • 843
  • 27 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Substituted Azobenzene Molecules with Antimicrobial Properties
Azo molecules, characterized by the presence of a -N=N- double bond, are widely used in various fields due to their sensitivity to external stimuli, ch as light. The emergence of bacterial resistance has pushed research towards designing new antimicrobial molecules that are more efficient than those currently in use. Many authors have attempted to exploit the antimicrobial activity of azobenzene and to utilize their photoisomerization for selective control of the bioactivities of antimicrobial molecules, which is necessary for antibacterial therapy.
  • 843
  • 14 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Supercritical CO2
Supercritical CO2 (scCO2) is an alternative promising solvent that has been actively used in recent decades to simplify many processes of polymer synthesis, modification, decomposition, etc.
  • 843
  • 15 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Washing Damage in E-Textiles
E-textiles, hybrid products that incorporate electronic functionality into textiles, often need to withstand washing procedures to ensure textile typical usability. Yet, the washability—which is essential for many e-textile applications like medical or sports due to hygiene requirements—is often still insufficient. The influence factors for washing damage in textile integrated electronics as well as common weak points are not extensively researched, which makes a targeted approach to improve washability in e-textiles difficult. 
  • 842
  • 25 May 2021
Topic Review
Composite Repairs
Composite repairs. Composite materials are used in a wide range of applications in aerospace, marine, automotive, surface transport and sports equipment markets. Damage to composite components is not always visible to the naked eye and the extent of damage is best determined for structural components by suitable Non Destructive Test (NDT) methods. The concept for composite repair of composite or metallic structures is simple. The bonded repair reduces stresses in the damaged region and keeps the cracks from opening and therefore from growing.
  • 842
  • 11 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Titan-based alloys
Titan-based alloys are the most-utilized materials in dental implantology, due to their physical and chemical properties. The various components of the oral environment should be considered in order to obtain a good stability of dental reconstructions. Salivary ions, proteins, enzymes, and microorganisms of the oral biofilm, may interact with and influence the implant's corrosion process. Peri-implantitis is a multifactorial process which needs to be properly addressed in order to prevent secondary implant failure. 
  • 842
  • 01 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Magnification of Iris in Ocular Prosthesis
The ocular prostheses, used for the prosthetic rehabilitation of ocular defects, are generally made from acrylic resin. As the thickness of clear acrylic over the iris is increased on the ocular prosthesis, the size of the iris is also increased, due to magnification through the clear resin.
  • 842
  • 22 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Biodeterioration of Polyethylene
Polyethylene (PE) is the most abundant synthetic, petroleum-based plastic materials produced globally, and one of the most resistant to biodegradation, resulting in massive accumulation in the environment. Although the microbial degradation of polyethylene has been reported, complete biodegradation of polyethylene has not been achieved, and rapid degradation of polyethylene under ambient conditions in the environment is still not feasible. 
  • 842
  • 10 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Gluten Conformation at Different Temperatures and Additive Treatments
The effect of temperature (25, 45, and 65 °C) on the gluten secondary structure was investigated by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and modulation of disulfide and hydrogen bonds contributions (100 ppm ascorbic acid (AA), 0.6% diacetyl tartaric acid ester of monoglycerides (DATEM), and 0.25 mM dithiothreitol (DTT)). The results showed that additives heated at 65 °C altered most of the gluten matrix formation by changing structural secondary structures compared to the secondary structures of native gluten (control). The content of random coils, α-helices, and β-sheet of gluten increased, while the extent of β-turns and antiparallel β-sheets decreased, which led to the transformation to a more stable secondary conformation. In addition, the rheological properties (%creep strain) revealed that gluten deformation increased during the heating process with all of the additives. The chemometric method could quantitate an overall alteration of gluten polymerization and gluten matrix formation during heating with additive treatments. 
  • 841
  • 03 Mar 2022
Topic Review
The Hydrophobic Effects
Hydrophobic interactions are involved in and believed to be the fundamental driving force of many chemical and biological phenomena in aqueous environments.
  • 841
  • 01 Nov 2022
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