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Topic Review
Nanocomposites: Brief Overview
Nanocomposites are composite materials consisting of nanoscale building blocks and a matrix. Nanocomposites are materials composed of a polymer matrix reinforced with nanoparticles, typically with dimensions ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers. These nanoparticles can be made of various materials, such as metals, ceramics, and carbon-based materials, and they can be dispersed uniformly throughout the polymer matrix They have unique properties that make them useful in a wide range of applications, including water remediation, energy storage and conversion, packaging, sensors, biomedicine, environmental monitoring, and coatings. The properties of nanocomposites can be tailored by controlling the size, shape, and composition of the nanoscale building blocks and the matrix material. Some of the key properties of nanocomposites include high surface area-to-volume ratio, improved mechanical properties, enhanced electrical and thermal conductivity, improved barrier properties, and biocompatibility. The study of nanocomposites is a rapidly growing field with many exciting opportunities for new and improved applications.These articles provide a comprehensive overview of the synthesis, structure, properties, and applications of nanocomposites, including their use in water remediation.
  • 615
  • 23 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Periodontal Disease
Periodontal diseases are worldwide health problems that negatively affect the lifestyle of many people. The long-term effect of the classical treatments, including the mechanical removal of bacterial plaque, is not effective enough, causing the scientific world to find other alternatives.
  • 614
  • 14 Jul 2021
Topic Review
GD-AZO Composites
Graphene represents a new generation of materials which exhibit unique physicochemical properties such as high electron mobility, tunable optics, a large surface to volume ratio, and robust mechanical strength. These properties make graphene an ideal candidate for various optoelectronic, photonics, and sensing applications. . In recent years, numerous efforts have been focused on azobenzene polymers (AZO-polymers) as photochromic molecular switches and thermal sensors because of their light induced conformations and surface-relief structures.  However, these polymers often exhibit drawbacks like low photon storage lifetime, energy density and aggregation. These issues can be alleviated by incorporating graphene derivatives (GDs) into AZO-polymers to form orderly arranged molecules like GD-AZO composites.  
  • 614
  • 11 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Amino Acetophenones for Natural Product Analogs
Commercially available aminoacetophenones are used as "Swiss army knife" for the synthesis of a wide variety of natural products analogs with high therapeutic potential. Being short versatile and uses common reactions, the strategy can be explored in the generation of chemical libraries to be screened in the frame of drug discovery processes.   
  • 614
  • 19 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Biopolymers Produced by Lactic Acid Bacteria
A severe and well-known threat to the environment, the non-biodegradability of plastics obliges different stakeholders to find legislative and technical solutions for producing valuable polymers which are biodegradable and also exhibit better characteristics for packaging products. Microorganisms are recognized as exciting sources for the production of biopolymers with applications in the food industry, package production, and several other fields. Ubiquitous organisms, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are well studied for the production of exopolysaccharides (EPS), but much less as producers of polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). Based on their good biodegradability feature, as well as the possibility to be obtained from cheap biomass, PLA and PHAs polymers currently receive increased attention from both research and industry.
  • 614
  • 12 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Types of Hybrid Bio-Based Aerogel Materials
Bio-based aerogels are derived from various renewable sources such as sugar cane, vegetable oils, proteins, starches, chitosan, alginate, pectin, lignin, cellulose, and proteins, which have been shown to be useful in the production of aerogels. These aerogels have special properties that make them well suited for packaging applications and in bioengineering. Studies in this field have led to advances that shed light on their diverse applications, improved properties, and innovative synthesis methods. Researchers have investigated alternative feedstocks for bio-based aerogels to broaden their sources and enhance sustainability. Studies have explored the use of waste materials, agricultural by-products, and unconventional sources to synthesize aerogels, aligning with the principles of a circular and green economy. 
  • 614
  • 04 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Halide Segregation in Mixed Halide Perovskites
Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) has splendid optoelectronic properties and ease of processing, enabling efficiently fabricating high-performance photovoltaic devices with low-cost. MHPs are easy preparation and processing, but also face inherent instability issues, such as ion migration, halide segregation, phase transition and degradation.
  • 613
  • 04 Mar 2022
Topic Review
G-Quadruplex Structures in Plants
G-quadruplex (G4) oligonucleotides are higher-order DNA and RNA secondary structures of enormous relevance due to their implication in several biological processes and pathological states in different organisms.  Plants offer a cornucopia of phytocompounds that, in many cases, are effective in binding and modulating the thermal stability of G4s and, on the other hand, contain almost unexplored G4 motifs in their genome that could inspire new biotechnological strategies.
  • 613
  • 10 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Antimicrobial Properties of Plant Fibers
Healthcare-associated infections (HAI), or nosocomial infections, are a global health and economic problem in developed and developing countries, particularly for immunocompromised patients in their intensive care units (ICUs) and surgical site hospital areas. Recurrent pathogens in HAIs prevail over antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. For this reason, natural antibacterial mechanisms are a viable alternative for HAI treatment. Natural fibers can inhibit bacterial growth, which can be considered a great advantage in these applications.
  • 613
  • 29 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Silk-Based Magnetic Materials
Silk fibroin protein materials have shown excellent tensile strength, flexibility and biocompatibility. Natural silk fibers are composed of sericin coating and silk fibroin proteins. Sericin as a protective gel coat wraps the silk fibroin, which can be removed by a degumming process. Silk fibroin protein contains 18 amino acids, of which simple glycine (Gly), alanine (Ala) and serine (Ser) account for above 70%.
  • 612
  • 26 Jan 2021
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