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Topic Review
Atomically Dispersed Catalytic Sites for Photocatalytic Water Splitting
SAPCs provide a new pathway for the construction of high performance cocatalyst/photocatalyst composites. For the past few years, the preparation method, characterization technology, theoretical modeling, and mechanism investigation of SAPCs have been developed rapidly, promoting the rational design and fabrication of more efficient SAPCs. As discussed above, benefitting from their low-coordination status, unique electric structures, and metal-support interactions, SAPCs can bring about unique advantages in comparison with the nanocluster-based, nanoparticle-based, and bulk catalysts.
  • 616
  • 15 Nov 2021
Topic Review
1D MOS Nanostructures
1D electrospun MOS are basically nanofibers, nanotubes or nanowires, which are made of one or more semiconductor metal oxides or with other dopant material. Polymer/MOS precursor nanofibers that are formed in the electrospinning process are calcined until the polymer is removed and pristine MOS nanostructure is obtained.
  • 616
  • 10 Dec 2021
Topic Review
WS2-Based Nanomaterials Employed for Photocatalytic Water Treatment
Water pollution is one of the most serious environmental issues globally due to its harmful consequences on the ecosystem and public health. Various technologies have been developed for water treatment such as photocatalysis, which has recently drawn scientists’ attention. Photocatalytic techniques using semiconductors have shown an efficient removal of various water contaminants during water treatment as well as cost effectivity and low energy consumption. Tungsten disulfide (WS2) is among the promising Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) photocatalysts, as it has an exceptional nanostructure and special properties including high surface area and high carrier mobility. It is usually synthesized via hydrothermal technique, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) to obtain a wide variety of nanostructures such as nanosheets and nanorods. Most common examples of water pollutants that can be removed efficiently by WS2-based nanomaterials through semiconductor photocatalytic techniques are organic contaminants, pharmaceuticals, heavy metals, and infectious microorganisms.
  • 616
  • 31 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Acetylation (or in IUPAC nomenclature ethanoylation)
Acetylation (or in IUPAC nomenclature ethanoylation) describes a reaction that introduces an acetyl functional group into a chemical compound. Deacetylation is the removal of an acetyl group. Acetylation refers to the process of introducing an acetyl group (resulting in an acetoxy group) into a compound, namely the substitution of an acetyl group for an active hydrogen atom. A reaction involving the replacement of the hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group with an acetyl group (CH3CO) yields a specific ester, the acetate. Acetic anhydride is commonly used as an acetylating agent reacting with free hydroxyl groups. For example, it is used in the synthesis of aspirin, heroin, and THC-O-acetate.
  • 616
  • 17 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Electrochemical Sensing Platform for Methylen
Methylene blue is a toxic dye that is extensively used as a colorant in textile industries. Industrial effluent containing methylene blue, when drained into water bodies without proper treatment, poses a serious threat to aquatic and human lives. In order to protect the biocycle, various methods have been established to detect and remove hazardous dyes from aqueous systems. Electrochemical methods are preferred, owing to their characteristic features of simplicity, portability, potential selectivity, cost effectiveness, and rapid responsiveness. 
  • 616
  • 07 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Self-assembly-based manufacturing of nano-biomaterials
We previously reported that heparin-based nano-biomaterials produced by simple mixing of raw materials exhibit sustained protein release, and thereby used as a drug delivery carrier. In the present study, we modified the nano-biomaterials without employing any organic synthetic approach to retain the property as a cell-penetrating peptide facilitating protein delivery to cell. We examined whether the heparin-based nano-biomaterials have the ability to deliver exogenous proteins into cultured cells in vitro or into murine hepatocytes in vivo through intravenous injection to anesthetized mice. Consequently, we found that the transferred protein was accumulated in both cultured cells and in vivo hepatocytes.
  • 615
  • 29 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Nanostrctured Anodic Oxides
Anodic oxides is part of energy conversion and storage devices.
  • 615
  • 28 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Magnetic Nanostructures for Cancer Immunotherapy
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) represent an attractive class of nanomaterials due to their unique physical and chemical features that allow them to respond specifically to magnetic fields. Among the magnetic class of materials, iron oxide-based nanoparticles are the only inorganic nanomaterials that have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for medical applications. Magnetic nanomaterials are particularly appealing for cancer immunotherapy due to their unique features, which include (i) the traceability of their signal by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or by magnetic particle imaging (MPI) techniques ; (ii) their exploitation as carriers to promote the accumulation and the efficient delivery of biotherapeutic compounds, such as genes and peptides, into a specific target cell or tissue; (iii) their ability to mediate the elimination of cancer cells through the production of a local thermo-ablative effect when exposed to an external alternating magnetic field, referred to as magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT); and (iv) their intrinsic immunomodulatory properties that can be harnessed to further promote or modulate the immune function.
  • 615
  • 07 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Polypodiopsida and Nanotechnology
The species belonging to the Polypodiopsida class have been part of human culture since the beginning of civilization, often being utilized due to the presence of antimicrobial substances (such as alkaloids, terpenes as tannins, saponins, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, etc.). Application of the ferns in nanotechnology is presented with practical examples.
  • 615
  • 21 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Photocatalytic Desulfurization
Desulfurization of fuels such as diesel, gasoline, kerosene, and jet fuel has been a challenging operation and remains critical to the petrochemical industry. The main naturally occurring sulfur-containing organic compounds (SCCs) are sulfides, disulfides, mercaptans, thiophene (Th) and its derivatives (benzothiophene (BT), dibenzothiophenes (DBTs), 4-methylbenzothiophene (4-MBT), 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT), 3,7-dimethyldibenzothiophene (3,7-DMDBT), and 2,8-dimethyldibenzothiophene (2,8-DMDBT)). The presence of these SCCs in fuels is undesirable since they create problems during refining, namely deactivation of some catalysts and corrosion of equipment. Moreover, sulfur compounds release toxic SOx and cause severe environmental problems: water and air pollution, global warming, ecological instability, as well as the harmful impact on living organisms. Many countries (USA, European Union, Japan, China and so on) have introduced strict standards to limit the content of sulfur in fuels to 10 ppm.
  • 615
  • 23 Sep 2022
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