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Topic Review
Fe-TiO2 Photocatalysts on Porous Platforms for Water Purification
Polyethylene glycol-modified titanium dioxide (PEG-modified TiO2) nanopowders were prepared using a fast solvothermal method under microwave irradiation, and without any further calcination processes. These nanopowders were further impregnated on porous polymeric platforms by drop-casting. The effect of adding iron with different molar ratios (1, 2, and 5%) of iron precursor was investigated. The approach developed in this work originated novel functionalized photocatalytic platforms, which were revealed to be promising for the removal of organic dyes from wastewater.
  • 656
  • 11 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Structure and Functions of Aβ and Tau Proteins
The amyloid hypothesis, i.e., the abnormal accumulation of toxic Aβ assemblies in the brain, has been considered the mainstream concept sustaining research in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). However, the course of cognitive decline and AD development better correlates with tau accumulation rather than amyloid peptide deposition. Moreover, all clinical trials of amyloid-targeting drug candidates have been unsuccessful, implicitly suggesting that the amyloid hypothesis needs significant amendments. Accumulating evidence supports the existence of a series of potentially dangerous relationships between Aβ oligomeric species and tau protein in AD.
  • 656
  • 29 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Polyoxometalates as Electrocatalysts
Polyoxometalates (POMs) are polyatomic ions with closed 3D frameworks and unique structure containing a large number of redox active sites that make them promising electrocatalysts for electrochemical energy conversion and storage applications.
  • 656
  • 09 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Calculations on Ion Channels
Ion channels are proteins that allow the passage of ions across biological membranes; particularly important cations include Na+, K+, and Ca++. Nerve impulse transmission involves Na+ and K+ channels; the advantages of quantum calculations are discussed.
  • 655
  • 14 May 2021
Topic Review
ABC-Type Linear Triblock Terpolymers
This entry aims to cover the most recent advances regarding the synthesis of linear ABC-type triblock terpolymers by RAFT polymerization, as well as their self-assembly properties in aqueous solutions. RAFT polymerization has received extensive attention, as it is a versatile technique, compatible with a great variety of functional monomers and reaction conditions, while providing exceptional and precise control over the final structure, with well-defined side-groups and post-polymerization engineering potential. Linear triblock terpolymers synthesis can lead to very interesting novel ideas, since there are countless combinations of stimuli/non-stimuli and hydrophilic/hydrophobic monomers that someone can use. One of their most interesting features is their ubiquitous ability to self-assemble in different nanostructures depending on their degree of polymerization (DP), block composition, solubilization protocol, internal and external stimuli. 
  • 655
  • 26 May 2021
Topic Review
Phytochemicals of the Genus Maytenus
The genus Maytenus is a member of the Celastraceae family, of which several species have long been used in traditional medicine. Between 1976 and 2021, nearly 270 new compounds have been isolated and elucidated from the genus Maytenus. Among these, maytansine and its homologues are extremely rare in nature. Owing to its unique skeleton and remarkable bioactivities, maytansine has attracted many synthetic endeavors in order to construct its core structure.
  • 655
  • 09 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Polymer-Derived Ceramics Technology
Ceramics have become indispensable materials for a wide range of industrial applications due to their excellent properties.
  • 654
  • 01 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Principle of Hydrophobicity
Hydrophobic thin films have attracted significant attention in both basic research and practical applications due to their unique properties. These thin films have undergone extensive study, and numerous efforts have been made to broaden their application fields to include areas such as oil hydrophobicity, hydrophobic anti-icing, and hydrophobic anti-corrosion. Additionally, fresh studies that explore approximate theories and fabrication techniques for hydrophobic thin films have emerged.
  • 654
  • 25 May 2023
Topic Review
Structure and Properties of Graphene Quantum Dots
Graphene quantum dot (GQD) is a new type of carbon nanometer material. In addition to the excellent properties of graphene, it is superior due to the quantum limit effect and edge effect. Because of its advantages such as water solution, strong fluorescent, small size, and low biological toxicity, it has important application potential in various fields, especially in sensors and biomedical areas, which are mainly used as optical electrical sensors as well as in biological imaging and tumor therapy. In addition, GQDs have very important characteristics, such as optical and electrical properties. There are many preparation methods, divided into top-down and bottom-up methods, which have different advantages and disadvantages, respectively. In addition, the modification methods include heterogeneous doping, surface heterogeneity, etc. 
  • 654
  • 17 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Graphene Oxide-Coated Gold Nanorods
The application of gold nanorods (AuNRs) and graphene oxide (GO) has been widely studied due to their unique properties. Although each material has its own challenges, their combination produces an exceptional material for many applications such as sensor, therapeutics, and many others
  • 653
  • 13 Nov 2020
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