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Topic Review
Asymmetric Synthesis of BINOL Derivatives
The chirality resulting from restricted rotation around a single bond is called atropisomerism (axial chirality). This phenomenon was first described by Christie and Kenner in 1922 when investigating the biaryl 6,6’-dinitro-2,2’-diphenic acid, and the term “atropisomer”, derived from the Greek where “a” means “not” and “tropes” means “turn”, was created by Kuhn. Atropisomers belong to the class of axially chiral compounds; however, here, the enantiomers exist due to restricted rotation around a single bond. Axial chirality has also been considered as an important structural element of many natural products and bioactive compounds, whose enantiomers generally exhibit different pharmacological activities and metabolic processes in vivo and in vitro.
  • 961
  • 10 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Chemical and Physical Properties of Solid Salt Fluxes
Solid salt fluxes are inorganic compounds that are added during the treatment of molten aluminum to improve the final quality. An understanding of the chemical composition of the flux is essential for the assessment of the physical and chemical behavior of the flux. The chemical composition of the flux can be tailored to adjust properties such as density, viscosity, reactivity, and wettability. Such properties, in turn, will impart different functions to the flux. 
  • 961
  • 05 May 2023
Topic Review
β-butyrolactone
Over 35 years ago, researchers originally reported on the anionic ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of β-butyrolactone (BBL) into poly(β-butyrolactone) (poly(BBL)), which is an amorphous, atactic analogue of isotactic poly([R]-β-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), a promising and widely used natural biodegradable polyester. 
  • 961
  • 30 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Gold Nanoparticles for Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria
The field of medical nanotechnology has emerged as an innovative and a powerful tool for treating some of the most complicated health conditions. Different inorganic nanomaterials including gold, silver, and others have showed potential antibacterial efficacies. Interestingly, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have gained specific attention, due to their biocompatibility, ease of surface functionalization, and their optical properties.
  • 960
  • 22 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Paper-Based Analytical Devices for Colorimetric
The so-called paper-based analytical devices (PADs) have arisen as an efficient, affordable, user-friendly, rapid, and equipment-free technology that is available to citizens. The development of PADs in areas such as clinical diagnostics, food safety and environmental monitoring, etc., as well as fabrication methods, target analytes and analytical performance, has been extensively reviewed during the last decade, with the scientific community showing great interest toward these appealing analytical approaches.
  • 960
  • 06 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Aromatherapy in Textiles
Studies on aromatherapy and textiles published between 2011–2021 were examined to explore “textile” materials as a possible carrier for essential oils. Mechanisms for the delivery of aromatic compounds on textiles are reviewed.
  • 959
  • 18 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Polyester-Based Coatings for Corrosion Protection
Polyesters are synthetic resins formed by an esterification chemical reaction with some occurring naturally. In addition, there are different orientations of polyesters and, hence, different classifications. The classifications aid in determining the processing, curing kinetics, and overall applications of the resin. Saturated, unsaturated polyesters (UPs) and alkyd resins are the main classifications of polyesters; however, vinyl esters are also classified as polyesters since they have a di-ester group. Vinyl esters are based on the combination of an epoxy resin with an unsaturated polymer; they have excellent properties when compared to saturated, unsaturated-type polyesters and alkyd resins. Developments of non-toxic polyester-based coatings have the potential to address a wide range of pollution problems, such as air pollution and water pollution, generated during the production of conventional polyester coatings. The anticorrosion properties of polyester resin modified by nanocomposites intended for steel are of interest. The goal is to produce a bio-based polyester coating with minimal cost by implementing natural products as well as modifying with nanomaterials. 
  • 958
  • 04 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Nano Skin Care Formulations
The term “cosmeceutical” was first mentioned in 1984 by Dr. Albert Kligman (University of Pennsylvania), who used it to describe a new category of products that could be classified as more than just cosmetics or pharmaceuticals. According to Dr. Kligman, a cosmeceutical is “a topical preparation that is sold as a cosmetic but has performance characteristics suggestive of a pharmaceutical effect” and therefore might have a pharmaceutical therapeutic effect, but not essentially a biological therapeutic benefit. Since the discovery of the anti-ageing effects of tretinoin, the use of alpha hydroxy acids as exfoliants and for skin rejuvenation, and the use of vitamin C in topical formulations as an antioxidant, the market for cosmeceuticals has grown exponentially and has taken over the personal care industry. Since the term “cosmeceutical” is not yet well established, it is often used in the cosmetic industry to emphasise the specific mechanism of action of the ingredients included in modern skin care formulations. Despite the confusion about their definition and scope, about 40% of dermatologist prescriptions around the world are cosmeceuticals. Nowadays, the use of nanotechnology to improve the efficacy of APIS is a great success.
  • 957
  • 21 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Acridine
Acridine, an alkaloid from anthracene, also known by the names of 10-azaanthracene, dibenzopyridine, 2,3,5,6-dibenzopyridine, and its derivatives or analogs, have a great potential to be an efficient class of excellent inhibitor. The phenomenon of corrosion threatens metallic components, human safety, and the economy. Despite being eco-friendly and promising as a corrosion inhibitor, acridine has not been explored to its full potential. 
  • 957
  • 09 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Industrial Effluent and Sludge Toxicity
Industrial effluents and sludges are among the most critical sources of highly polluted and contaminated residues and can cause many environmental and ecological issues upon discharge to the environment. A comprehensive scientometric analysis has been carried out in this study to provide a clear understanding of the scientific efforts regarding the analysis of industrial effluents’ toxicity assessment. India and the USA accounted as the leading countries contributing the most in this regard by evaluating and analyzing the industrial effluent to avoid environmental contamination.
  • 956
  • 06 Sep 2021
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