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Topic Review
Human Behavior in Plasmodium knowlesi Malaria Infection
P. knowlesi is a zoonotic disease transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito, which harbors the Plasmodium parasite. Previously, the disease was believed to occur only among the Macaca fascicularis and M. nemestrina monkeys, found largely in southeast Asia.
  • 315
  • 02 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Endothelial Function Evaluation on Pregnant COVID-19 Patients
Pregnancy with SARS-CoV-2 infection can raise the risk of many complications, including severe COVID-19 and maternal–fetal adverse outcomes. Additionally, endothelial damage occurs as a result of direct SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as immune system, cardiovascular, and thrombo-inflammatory reactions. The endothelium is the key regulator of vascular homeostasis, as it determines vascular tone, smooth muscle cell proliferation, vessel wall inflammation, and platelet aggregation.
  • 315
  • 14 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Universal Privacy Model for Electronic Health Record Systems
High-profile data breaches in systems such as Australia’s My Health Record (MHR) and the UK’s National Health Service (NHS) have exposed millions of records, resulting in substantial financial losses for the healthcare industry.
  • 314
  • 21 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Child-Friendly Streetscape in Migrant Workers’ Communities in China
Designing child-friendly streetscapes is a pragmatic and effective approach to addressing the limited outdoor play spaces and social exclusion experienced by migrant children living in vulnerable residential areas. Addressing the development and well-being of all children in urban communities is important for the sustainable development of cities and society. A growing body of research emphasizes the need for urban planning strategies and community initiatives that promote safe and accessible play spaces for children, as well as social integration policies and support networks, thereby fostering children’s overall well-being.
  • 314
  • 12 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Factors Affecting Nurses’ Adoption of Evidence-Based Practice
The concept of evidence-based medicine (EBM), a precursor to the concept of evidence-based practice (EBP), refers to the conscious, explicit, and judicious use of the best evidence in the decision-making process concerning care for a person, considering their values and circumstances. EBP, in turn, is understood as a fundamental resource for professional practice in the health sector which is orientated towards solving problems originating in clinical practice, using the best external evidence and combining it with the preferences and values of the person being cared for, the expertise of a clinical professional, and information from patient data, also known as internal evidence.
  • 314
  • 23 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Prevention of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has for many years been defined as glucose intolerance with the onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Such a definition has serious limitations due to many cases of GDM representing preexisting hyperglycemia. As such, the latest definition of GDM excludes women found to have diabetes by diagnostic criteria applied outside of pregnancy. GDM is one of the most common obstetric complications, with the prevalence varying from 7.5% to 27.0% among different areas, principally depending on different races and diagnostic criteria. 
  • 314
  • 17 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Ele-Monitoring Systems and Ontology-Based Models in Asthma Domain
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by severe inflammation of the bronchial mucosa. Allergic asthma is the most common form of this health issue. Asthma is classified into allergic and non-allergic asthma, and it can be triggered by several factors such as indoor and outdoor allergens, air pollution, weather conditions, tobacco smoke, and food allergens, as well as other factors. Asthma symptoms differ in their frequency and severity since each patient reacts differently to these triggers. 
  • 314
  • 24 Jun 2022
Topic Review
How Immune Responses Are Regulated
Most basic studies directed at how immune responses are regulated employ chemically “simple antigens”, usually purified proteins. The target antigens in many clinical situations, such as in autoimmunity, infectious diseases and cancer, are chemically “complex”, consisting of several distinct molecules, and they often are part of a replicating entity. 
  • 314
  • 19 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Effects of High-Altitude Mountaineering on Mountaineers
Nowadays, with the convenience of international traveling and driven by many individuals’ fond dreams of challenging high-altitude exercises, high-altitude mountaineering is becoming increasingly popular worldwide. Therefore, researchers performed a meta-analysis to determine the effects of high-altitude mountaineering on cognitive functions in mountaineers before and after climbing.
  • 313
  • 04 May 2023
Topic Review
Mitigation of Cadmium Toxicity
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental toxicant of public health significance worldwide. Diet is the main Cd exposure source in the non-occupationally exposed and non-smoking populations. Metal transporters for iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca), and manganese (Mn) are involved in the assimilation and distribution of Cd to cells throughout the body. Due to an extremely slow elimination rate, most Cd is retained by cells, where it exerts toxicity through its interaction with sulfur-containing ligands, notably the thiol (-SH) functional group of cysteine, glutathione, and many Zn-dependent enzymes and transcription factors. The simultaneous induction of heme oxygenase-1 and the metal-binding protein metallothionein by Cd adversely affected the cellular redox state and caused the dysregulation of Fe, Zn, and copper. Experimental data indicate that Cd causes mitochondrial dysfunction via disrupting the metal homeostasis of this organelle. 
  • 312
  • 23 Sep 2022
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