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Topic Review
Comparison of Road Noise Policies
Developing innovative noise policies that build on international best practices is difficult when policies around the world differ along many dimensions, ranging from different sources covered to different levels of governance involved. This is particularly critical in the context of road traffic, identified as one of the main culprits leading to noise-associated complaints and health issues. 
  • 494
  • 07 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Genotoxic Effects of Lead
Lead (Pb) is one of the most widely used heavy metals in several industries for the manufacturing process of Pb-based products due to its physical and chemical properties, such as high density, softness, malleability, and poor conductibility. Thus, Pb can be found in workplaces and other contaminated environments. Pb toxicity can occur via both nonoccupational and occupational exposure through inhalation, ingestion, and dermal absorption.
  • 494
  • 29 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Patient Active Approaches in Osteopathic Practice
Osteopathy is a whole-body patient-centered intervention mainly focused on sustaining a person’s health processes by means of touch-based approaches focused on the somatic dysfunctions (SD) present in different regions of the body. 
  • 494
  • 22 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Healthcare Victims of Workplace Violence
Violence against healthcare workers perpetrated by patients or visitors presently has the traits of an emergency. WPV (Workplace Violence) threatens, in fact, the well-being of both the workers and the organization they belong to, negatively influencing the rights of millions of people to work in a safe environment and affecting the organization with absenteeism and low productivity, among other things.
  • 493
  • 18 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Liquid Biopsy in Cancer
Liquid biopsy (LBx) is a novel and promising approach in precision medicine, suitable for patient management in a wide range of medical conditions. Its utility in oncology ranges from disease screening to early diagnosis and treatment. LBx has several strengths, such as safeness, quickness of execution, and repeatability, compared to old-fashioned solid biopsy techniques; indeed, LBx requires the collection of a small number of biospecimens. LBx has been proven to be accurate and reliable, as demonstrated in several clinical studies, and it could have a surprising impact on survival and quality of life for cancer patients in the near future.
  • 493
  • 17 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Myocardial Infarction and Immuno-Inflammatory Response in CAE
Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is a relatively common coronary angiographic finding, with an incidence of 1.5–5% and geographical variations in prevalence. CAE has been associated with a male predominance. Anatomically, CAE more frequently affects the right coronary artery and the proximal one third of the vessels.
  • 493
  • 16 May 2022
Topic Review
Pandemic Nursing Framework for Nursing Homes During COVID-19
Nurses have played a vital role in the fight against COVID-19 by ensuring continuity in patient care and demonstrating clinical leadership in pandemic efforts. The pandemic nursing measures can be broadly classified into four groups: (1) infection surveillance and containment measures; (2) ensuring continuity in clinical care and operational support; (3) resource and administrative coordination; and (4) staff training and development. 
  • 493
  • 29 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Cervical Cancer Protection in Japan
In Japan, government subsidies for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination of girls aged 13–16 commenced in 2010. By early 2013, vaccination had become a widely accepted national immunization program. However, in June of 2013, the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare (MHLW), the government’s lead agency, suspended its recommendation for vaccination in response to reports of adverse vaccine events. The rate of HPV vaccination quickly dropped from 70% to almost zero, where it has lingered for eight years. In 2020, a new 9-valent HPV vaccine was licensed in Japan. The momentum seemed to be building for the resumption of HPV vaccinations, yet Japanese mothers remain widely hesitant about vaccinating their daughters, despite the well-proven safety and efficacy of the HPV vaccines. 
  • 492
  • 19 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Attachment and Health
Attachment and Health is psychological model which considers how attachment theory pertains to people’s preferences and expectations for the proximity of others when faced with stress, threat, danger or pain. In 1982 the American Psychiatrist, Lawrence Kolb, noticed that patients with chronic pain displayed behaviours with their healthcare providers akin to what children might display with an attachment figure, thus marking one of the first applications of attachment theory to physical health. Development of adult attachment theory and adult attachment measures in the 1990s provided researchers with the means to apply attachment theory to health in a more systematic way. Since that time it has been used to understand variation in stress response, health outcomes and health behaviour. Ultimately, the application of attachment theory to health care may enable health care practitioners to provide more personalized medicine by creating a deeper understanding of patient distress and allowing clinicians to better meet their needs and expectations.
  • 492
  • 27 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy
Modifiable predictors of vaccine hesitancy at the start of South Africa’s COVID-19 vaccination rollout have been identified here. These factors should be addressed by different stakeholders involved in the national immunization program through tailored communication and other effective strategies that increase vaccine literacy, reach low-income households, and engender confidence in government. 
  • 492
  • 04 Mar 2022
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