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Topic Review
Improving Clinical Outcomes by Maintaining Vitamin D Sufficiency
Treatment of vitamin D deficiency costs less than 0.01% of one-day hospitalization. Despite cost-benefits, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency remains high worldwide. This was vivid among those who died from COVID-19—most had vitamin D deficiency. Yet, the lack of direction to use vitamin D as an adjunct therapy from health agencies was astonishing. Data confirmed that keeping an individual’s serum 25(OH)D concentrations above 50 ng/mL (125 nmol/L) (and above 40 ng/mL in the population) reduces risks from community outbreaks and autoimmune disorders. Maintaining such concentrations in 97.5% of people is achievable through daily safe sun exposure (except in countries far from the equator during winter) or taking between 5,000 and 8,000 IU vitamin D supplements daily (average, ~70 to 90 IU/kg body weight). Those with gastrointestinal malabsorption, obesity, or on medications that increase catabolism of vitamin D and a few specific disorders require much higher intake. The text evaluates the doses and administration of vitamin D necessary for better clinical outcomes regarding disease prevention and treatment. 
  • 363
  • 26 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Pets as Sentinels for Environmental Pollution
Sentinels are organisms whose characteristics (including health status) change due to acute or chronic effects in a given environment that can be evaluated (monitored) through serial surveillance. 
  • 171
  • 26 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Gait Monitoring and Analysis
Gait abnormalities are common in the elderly and individuals diagnosed with Parkinson’s, often leading to reduced mobility and increased fall risk. Monitoring and assessing gait patterns in these populations play a crucial role in understanding disease progression, early detection of motor impairments, and developing personalized rehabilitation strategies. In particular, by identifying gait irregularities at an early stage, healthcare professionals can implement timely interventions and personalized therapeutic approaches, potentially delaying the onset of severe motor symptoms and improving overall patient outcomes.
  • 124
  • 25 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Liquorice Toxicity
Renowned since ancient times for its medical properties, liquorice is nowadays mainly used for flavoring candies or soft drinks. Continuous intake of large amounts of liquorice is a widely known cause of pseudo-hyperaldosteronism leading to hypertension and hypokalemia. These manifestations are usually mild, although in some cases may generate life-threatening complications, i.e., arrhythmias, muscle paralysis, rhabdomyolysis, and coma. 
  • 140
  • 22 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Ecological Factors of VE Popularity Speed in West-Africa
Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain, often caused by an autoimmune reaction, or in most cases because of a direct viral, bacterial, or parasitic infection. Viral encephalitides (VE) presents a significant public health concern globally, especially in West Africa. There are more than five hundred known arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses), with over a hundred of them identified to cause encephalitic diseases in humans and animals, giving rise to a tremendous burden of the diseases and socioeconomic strains in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. 
  • 242
  • 21 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Urban Parks Valued by Residents on Social Media
With the rise of the Internet, more and more people are recording and sharing their recreational experiences through social media platforms, which generates a large amount of real and effective data. Therefore, the use of big data technology to obtain information about people’s perceptions of park recreation offers the possibility for assessing environmental perceptions more comprehensively and objectively.
  • 198
  • 21 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Interprofessional Education in Diabetes Care
Diabetes is a leading non-communicable disease with a huge and predictably increasing burden on individuals, societies and governments. Interprofessional education (IPE) aims to enhance healthcare providers’ competence and patient care by providing well-organised, coordinated interprofessional care (IPC) within teams of healthcare professionals of different disciplines. Interprofessional practices are crucial in diabetes care. However, evidence on the effect of diabetes-specific IPE on diabetes outcomes is limited. 
  • 213
  • 21 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Wearable Technology in Sports
Wearable technology is increasingly vital for improving sports performance through real-time data analysis and tracking. Both professional and amateur athletes rely on wearable sensors to enhance training efficiency and competition outcomes.
  • 622
  • 20 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Plants with Anti-Alzheimer Properties
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurological disorder in humans caused by complex pathophysiological mechanisms that lead to loss of memory and cognition, death of neurons, loss of synapses, and damage of the brain, which culminates in death.
  • 667
  • 19 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Autism Care and Intervention Based on Mobile Apps
The mobile apps can be categorized into autism support apps, educational apps, teacher training apps, parental support apps, and data collection apps. The individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are the primary users of the first two categories of apps. Teachers of children with ASD are the primary users of the teacher training apps. Parents are the primary users of the parental support apps, while individuals with ASD are usually the primary users of the data collection apps and clinicians and autism researchers are the beneficiaries. Gamification, virtual reality, and autism-specific mechanisms have been used to improve the usability of the apps. User-centered design is the most popular approach for mobile app development. Augmentative and alternative communication, video modeling, and various behavior change practices have been used as the theoretical foundation for intervention efficacy.
  • 483
  • 19 Sep 2023
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