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Topic Review
Sexuality and Mental Health in Heterosexual Adolescents
During puberty and emerging sexuality, adolescents experience important physical, mental, and social transformations. In the process of dealing with these changes, adolescents can become potentially vulnerable to mental health problems. 
  • 717
  • 22 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Syndromic Surveillance Systems for Mass Gatherings
As defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), public health surveillance is the “ongoing systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of outcome-specific data for use in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice,” which has been instrumental in the reduction in mortality from exposure to infectious diseases and environmental toxins. The arm of public health surveillance that deals specifically with the early detection of disease outbreaks or clusters of adverse health emergencies is referred to as syndromic surveillance and can be defined as “an investigational approach where health department staff, assisted by automated data acquisition and generation of statistical alerts, monitor disease indicators in real-time or near-real-time to detect outbreaks of disease earlier than would otherwise be possible with traditional public health methods”.
  • 308
  • 22 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Impact of Dietary AGEs on Female Reproduction
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), a heterogenous group of products formed by the reaction between protein and reducing sugars, can form endogenously due to non-enzymatic reactions or by exogenous sources such as diet where considerable increase in AGEs is observed due to the modification of food mainly by thermal processing. Recent studies have suggested that AGEs could impact, via inducing inflammation and oxidative stress, the reproductive health and fertility in both males and females.
  • 479
  • 22 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Clinical Pathway for Lung Cancer
Lung cancer is a disease that involves the accumulation of multiple genetic mutations and epigenetic changes, which results in an out-of-control cell proliferation that disrupts regular cells. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related fatalities worldwide, accounting for about 1.6 million deaths per year; it is the second most common cancer diagnosis, comprising a total of 13% of new cancer cases each year. Considering the large number of incidences and mortality numbers associated with lung cancer, there is a need for the most accurate clinical procedures.
  • 713
  • 22 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Effect of Healthy Food/Beverages in Hospital Food Environment
The quality of the hospital food environment varies within and between facilities. Hospital visitors and employees are generally receptive to food environment interventions and a variety of designs can be used to improve the hospital food environment and increase the proportion of healthy purchases. The overall quality of hospital food environments varies. Educational, labelling, financial and choice architecture interventions were shown to improve the hospital food environment and/or dietary intake of consumers.
  • 551
  • 21 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Gut Microbiota Interaction-Derived Metabolites and NAFLD
Gut microbiota-derived components and metabolites play pivotal roles in shaping intrahepatic immunity during the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). With the advance of techniques, such as single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), each subtype of immune cells in the liver has been studied to explore their roles in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. In addition, new molecules involved in gut microbiota-mediated effects on NAFLD are found.
  • 513
  • 21 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Common Vaccines against COVID-19
To date, multiple COVID-19 vaccines have been granted emergency use authorization, including inactivated vaccines, adenovirus-vectored vaccines, and nucleic acid vaccines. These vaccines have different technical principles, which will necessarily lead to differences in safety and efficacy.
  • 404
  • 21 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Hospital Ethical Climate and Job Satisfaction among Nurses
Ethical climate can be defined as a set of behaviors, emotions and impressions characteristic for a given organization and shaped by a number of factors, such as professional values, norms, views, and cultivated tradition. The concept of the Ethical Climate Theory (ECT) dates back to the 1980s. The ECT authors, B. Victor and J.B. Cullen, classified the following five types of climate: caring, independent, rules, rights referred to as professional, and instrumental.
  • 441
  • 21 Apr 2022
Topic Review
The Importance of Vaccination during COVID-19 Pandemic
The rapid spread and contagion of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiologic agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), raised concern among the public and health authorities worldwide. Shortly after the first case was reported in Wuhan (China), the World Health Organization (WHO) defined COVID-19 as a pandemic. Since the pandemic began, one of the main effective and feasible ways to contain the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 has been through vaccination.
  • 440
  • 21 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Post-COVID-19 Condition
COVID-19 is currently considered a systemic infection involving multiple systems and causing chronic complications. Compared to other post-viral fatigue syndromes, these complications are wider and more intense. The most frequent symptoms are profound fatigue, dyspnea, sleep difficulties, anxiety or depression, reduced lung capacity, memory/cognitive impairment, and hyposmia/anosmia. Risk factors for this condition are severity of illness, more than five symptoms in the first week of the disease, female sex, older age, the presence of comorbidities, and a weak anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody response. Different lines of research have attempted to explain these protracted symptoms; chronic persistent inflammation, autonomic nervous system disruption, hypometabolism, and autoimmunity may play a role. Due to thyroid high ACE expression, the key molecular complex SARS-CoV-2 uses to infect the host cells, thyroid may be a target for the coronavirus infection. Thyroid dysfunction after SARS-CoV-2 infection may be a combination of numerous mechanisms, and its role in long-COVID manifestations is not yet established. The presence of post-COVID symptoms deserves recognition of COVID-19 as a cause of post-viral fatigue syndrome. It is important to recognize the affected individuals at an early stage so researchers can offer them the most adequate treatments, helping them thrive through the uncertainty of their condition.
  • 371
  • 20 Apr 2022
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