Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort:
Hottest Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Type:
All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Pectin in Semi-Solid and Fluid Foods
Pectin is a versatile polysaccharide produced mainly from natural food sources and agro-industrial wastes, adding value to these by-products. For food applications, it is necessary that pectin first interacts with water for technical purposes. As a food additive, pectin acts as a solution thickener and gelling agent for food formulation, even in concentrations of less than 1 (g/100 mL or g/100 g), and it is sufficient to influence food products’ stability, rheology, texture, and sensory properties.
  • 392
  • 29 Aug 2023
Topic Review
PEDOT-based Catalytic Counter Electrode Material
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) emerged in the early 1990s as a promising alternative to the classic silicon-based solar cell due to their unique combination of low cost, ease of fabrication, color palette for building integration, and high efficiency in indoor applications. 
  • 601
  • 08 May 2021
Topic Review
PEDOT:PSS/Nonionic WPU
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) has the merits of high electrical conductivity and solution processability, and can be dispersed in water. To improve the stretchability of PEDOT:PSS-based transparent electrode films, the intrinsically conducting polymer PEDOT:PSS was blended with highly stretchable nonionic waterborne polyurethane (WPU) and coated on a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) film. Nonionic WPU has good compatibility with PEDOT:PSS, without affecting the acidity. 
  • 996
  • 16 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a family of synthetic fluorinated organic compounds whose widespread use and resistance to biodegradation have led to their accumulation in the environment, causing growing concerns over their impact on humans.
  • 1.5K
  • 15 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Perfluoropyridine
The fluorine atom exhibits many unique properties, including a small atomic radius, large electronegativity, and minimal polarizability. Thus, when coupled with carbon in the form of a C-F bond, organofluorine compounds with highly sought after properties can be obtained. Perfluoropyridine (PFPy) is an organofluorine compound that has been employed for a variety of applications, from straightforward chemical synthesis to more advanced functions, such as fluorinated networks and polymers. This can be directly attributed to the highly reactive nature of PFPy, especially towards nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr).
  • 768
  • 10 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Permeation Enhancers of Hormones Penetration through the Skin
Hormones have attracted considerable interest in recent years due to their potential use in treatment of many diseases. Their ability to have a multidirectional effect leads to searching for new and increasingly effective drugs and therapies. Limitations in formulating drug forms containing hormones are mainly due to their low enzymatic stability, short half-life and limited bioavailability. One of the solutions may be to develop a hydrogel as a potential hormone carrier, for epidermal and transdermal application. 
  • 701
  • 01 Sep 2022
Topic Review
PET-RAFT
Photoinduced Electron/Energy Transfer Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain-Transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization, proposed for the first time in 2014, is based on an alternative activation of the thiocarbonylthio compounds through photoredox catalysts (PCs). This last presents significant advantages compared to other photochemical techniques in terms of applicability, cost, and sustainability. 
  • 2.3K
  • 26 May 2021
Topic Review
pH Responsive Polyurethane for Biomedical and Drug Delivery
pH-responsive polymers are polymers that respond to changes in environmental pH. They can be classified into: (A) polymers with ionizable moieties; and (B) polymers that contain acid-labile linkages. pH-responsive polyurethanes demonstrated good biological response and sustainability in biomedical applications and drug delivery. They have been used as controlled drug delivery systems for oral administration, intravaginal administration, and targeted drug delivery systems for chemotherapy treatment. 
  • 1.2K
  • 12 May 2022
Topic Review
Phosphonium-Based Polyelectrolytes
Phosphorous is an essential element for the life of organisms, and phosphorus-based compounds have many uses in industry, such as flame retardancy reagents, ingredients in fertilizers, pyrotechnics, etc. Ionic liquids are salts with melting points lower than the boiling point of water. The term “polymerized ionic liquids” (PILs) refers to a class of polyelectrolytes that contain an ionic liquid (IL) species in each monomer repeating unit and are connected by a polymeric backbone to form macromolecular structures. PILs provide a new class of polymeric materials by combining some of the distinctive qualities of ILs in the polymer chain. Ionic liquids have been identified as attractive prospects for a variety of applications due to the high stability (thermal, chemical, and electrochemical) and high mobility of their ions, but their practical applicability is constrained because they lack the benefits of both liquids and solids, suffering from both leakage issues and excessive viscosity. PILs are garnering for developing non-volatile and non-flammable solid electrolytes.
  • 405
  • 12 Jul 2023
Topic Review
PIL-Based SPEs
Poly(ionic liquide)s (PILs) can be used as solid polymer electrolytes because they have high thermal and electrochemical stabilities. This review is focused on the influence of macromolecular architecture on the ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability of PILs based electrolytes. Imidazolium based PILs are discussed as an example in the review. It is found that the electrolytes with a network structure exhibit better ionic conductivity and mechanical strength.
  • 780
  • 27 Oct 2020
  • Page
  • of
  • 46
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Books

>>
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of COVID-19
Encyclopedia of Fungi
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
ScholarVision Creations
Feedback