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Topic Review
Virgo
Virgo is one of the 12 constellations of the zodiac, located between Leo to the west and Libra to the east. Covering a vast area of the sky, Virgo is the second-largest constellation after Hydra. Represented as a maiden holding a sheaf of wheat, Virgo is often associated with fertility and agriculture in ancient mythology. This constellation is notable for hosting the bright star Spica, which serves as a celestial marker for navigation and observation.
  • 104
  • 15 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Vigil (Spacecraft)
Vigil, formerly known as Lagrange, is a planned solar weather mission by the European Space Agency (ESA). It envisions two spacecraft to be positioned at Lagrangian points L1 and L5. Monitoring space weather includes events such as solar flares, coronal mass ejections, geomagnetic storms, solar proton events, etc. Monitoring would help predict arrival times at the Earth and any potential effect on infrastructure. The Vigil spacecraft are anticipated to launch in the mid 2020s. On 17 May 2021, ESA began soliciting design concept studies from various European industrial and scientific consortiums for the mission. A final design will be selected after approximately 18 months, in late 2022. Simultaneously, the ESA announced the No-Name Mission contest to replace the placeholder Lagrange name. The winning name, Vigil, was announced on 10 February 2022.
  • 428
  • 10 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Video Feedback
Video feedback is the process that starts and continues when a video camera is pointed at its own playback video monitor. The loop delay from camera to display back to camera is at least one video frame time, due to the input and output scanning processes; it can be more if there is more processing in the loop.
  • 1.0K
  • 02 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Vibrational Spectroscopy of Linear Molecules
To determine the vibrational spectroscopy of linear molecules, the rotation and vibration of linear molecules are taken into account to predict which vibrational (normal) modes are active in the infrared spectrum and the Raman spectrum.
  • 420
  • 11 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Vibrational Spectroscopy
Vibrational spectroscopy, as a label-free, non-invasive and non-destructive analytical technique, is a valuable technique which can provide detailed biochemical fingerprint information, based on the structure of the molecular constituents, for analysis of cells, tissues, and body fluids.
  • 787
  • 05 Feb 2021
Topic Review
Venusians
In science fiction and in the beliefs of ufology, a Venusian (/vɪˈnjuːʒən, -ʃən/) or Venerian is a native inhabitant of the planet Venus. Many science fiction writers have imagined what extraterrestrial life on Venus might be like.
  • 5.2K
  • 21 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Venus In Situ Atmospheric and Geochemical Explorer
Venus In Situ Atmospheric and Geochemical Explorer (VISAGE) is a proposed Venus lander mission that would perform atmospheric and surface science investigations. The mission was proposed in 2017 to NASA's New Frontiers program to compete for funding and development, but it was not selected.
  • 253
  • 07 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Venus in Culture
Venus, as one of the brightest objects in the sky, has been known since prehistoric times and has been a major fixture in human culture for as long as records have existed. As such, it has a prominent position in human culture, religion, and myth. It has been made sacred to gods of many cultures, and has been a prime inspiration for writers and poets as the morning star and evening star.
  • 4.6K
  • 14 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Venus (Planet)
Venus is the second-closest planet to the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days. After Earth's Moon, it is the brightest object in the night sky, reaching an apparent magnitude of −4.6. As an inferior planet from Earth it never appears to venture far from the Sun, and its elongation reaches a maximum of 47.8°. Venus reaches its maximum brightness shortly before sunrise or shortly after sunset, and is often referred to as the Morning Star or as the Evening Star. A terrestrial planet, it is sometimes called Earth's "sister planet", as the two are similar in size and bulk composition. The planet is covered with an opaque layer of highly reflective clouds and its surface cannot be seen from space in visible light, making it a subject of great speculation until some of its secrets were revealed by planetary science in the 20th century. Venus has the densest atmosphere of the terrestrial planets, consisting mostly of carbon dioxide, and the atmospheric pressure at the planet's surface is 90 times that of the Earth. Venus' surface has been mapped in detail only in the last 20 years. It shows evidence of extensive volcanism, and some of its volcanoes may still be active today. In contrast to the constant crustal movement seen on Earth, Venus is thought to undergo periodic episodes of plate tectonics, in which the crust is subducted rapidly within a few million years separated by stable periods of a few hundred million years. The planet is named after Venus, the Roman goddess of love, and most of its surface features are named after famous and mythological women. The adjective Venusian is commonly used for items related to Venus, though the Latin adjective is the rarely used Venereal; the now-archaic Cytherean is still occasionally encountered.
  • 861
  • 01 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Vector Beam with Longitudinally Varying Polarization during Propagation
The vector optical beam with longitudinally varying polarization during propagation in free space has attracted significant attention in recent years. Compared with traditional vector optical beams with inhomogeneous distribution of polarization in the transverse plane, manipulating the longitudinal distribution of polarization provides a new dimension for the expansion of the applications of vector optical beams in volume laser machining, longitudinal detection, and in vivo micromanipulation. 
  • 700
  • 29 Nov 2021
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