Your browser does not fully support modern features. Please upgrade for a smoother experience.
Submitted Successfully!
Thank you for your contribution! You can also upload a video entry or images related to this topic. For video creation, please contact our Academic Video Service.
Version Summary Created by Modification Content Size Created at Operation
1 handwiki Sirius Huang -- 5315 2022-10-31 01:35:42

Video Upload Options

We provide professional Academic Video Service to translate complex research into visually appealing presentations. Would you like to try it?
Cite
If you have any further questions, please contact Encyclopedia Editorial Office.
HandWiki. Venus (Planet). Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32297 (accessed on 22 September 2026).
HandWiki. Venus (Planet). Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32297. Accessed September 22, 2026.
HandWiki. "Venus (Planet)" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32297 (accessed September 22, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, November 01). Venus (Planet). In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/32297
HandWiki. "Venus (Planet)." Encyclopedia. Web. 01 November, 2022.
Venus (Planet)
Edit

Venus is the second-closest planet to the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days. After Earth's Moon, it is the brightest object in the night sky, reaching an apparent magnitude of −4.6. As an inferior planet from Earth it never appears to venture far from the Sun, and its elongation reaches a maximum of 47.8°. Venus reaches its maximum brightness shortly before sunrise or shortly after sunset, and is often referred to as the Morning Star or as the Evening Star. A terrestrial planet, it is sometimes called Earth's "sister planet", as the two are similar in size and bulk composition. The planet is covered with an opaque layer of highly reflective clouds and its surface cannot be seen from space in visible light, making it a subject of great speculation until some of its secrets were revealed by planetary science in the 20th century. Venus has the densest atmosphere of the terrestrial planets, consisting mostly of carbon dioxide, and the atmospheric pressure at the planet's surface is 90 times that of the Earth. Venus' surface has been mapped in detail only in the last 20 years. It shows evidence of extensive volcanism, and some of its volcanoes may still be active today. In contrast to the constant crustal movement seen on Earth, Venus is thought to undergo periodic episodes of plate tectonics, in which the crust is subducted rapidly within a few million years separated by stable periods of a few hundred million years. The planet is named after Venus, the Roman goddess of love, and most of its surface features are named after famous and mythological women. The adjective Venusian is commonly used for items related to Venus, though the Latin adjective is the rarely used Venereal; the now-archaic Cytherean is still occasionally encountered.

crustal movement planetary science volcanism

References

  1. Nimmo, F. (2002), Crustal analysis of Venus from Magellan satellite observations at Atalanta Planitia, Beta Regio, and Thetis Regio, Geology, v. 30, p. 987-990
  2. Kaufmann W.J. (1994), Universe, W.H. Freeman, New York, p. 204
  3. Frankel C. (1996), Volcanoes of the solar system, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, New York
  4. Batson R.M., Russell J.F. (1991), Naming the Newly Found Landforms on Venus, Abstracts of the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, v. 22, p. 65
  5. Young C. (Editor) (August 1990). The Magellan Venus Explorer's Guide (JPL Publication 90-24 ed.). California: Jet Propulsion Laboratory. http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/magellan/guide.html. 
  6. Glaze L.S. (1999), Transport of SO2 by explosive volcanism on Venus, Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 104, p. 18899-18906
  7. Strom R.G., Schaber G.G., Dawsow D.D. (1995), The global resurfacing of Venus, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol. 99, p. 10,899-10,926
  8. Herrick R.R., Phillips R.J. (1993), Effects of the Venusian atmosphere on incoming meteoroids and the impact crater population, Icarus, v. 112, p. 253-281
  9. Kasting J.F. (1988), Runaway and moist greenhouse atmospheres and the evolution of earth and Venus, Icarus, v. 74, p. 472-494
  10. Moshkin B.E., Ekonomov A.P., Golovin Iu.M. (1979), Dust on the surface of Venus, Kosmicheskie Issledovaniia (Cosmic Research), v. 17, p. 280-285
  11. Krasnopolsky V.A., Parshev V.A. (1981), Chemical composition of the atmosphere of Venus, Nature, v. 292, p. 610-613
  12. Rossow W.B., del Genio A.D., Eichler T. (1990), Cloud-tracked winds from Pioneer Venus OCPP images, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, v. 47, p. 2053-2084
  13. Kivelson G. M., Russell, C. T. Introduction to Space Physics, Cambridge University Press, 1995.
  14. Luhmann J. G., Russell C. T. Venus: Magnetic Field and Magnetosphere in Encyclopedia of Planetary Sciences, ed. J. H. Shirley and R. W. Fainbridge, 905-907, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1997. http://www-spc.igpp.ucla.edu/personnel/russell/papers/venus_mag/
  15. Stevenson, D. J., (2003). Planetary magnetic fields, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 208, 1-11. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(02)01126-3
  16. Correia A.C.M., Laskar J., de Surgy O.N. (2003), Long-term evolution of the spin of Venus: I. theory, Icarus, v.163, p.1-23; preprint http://www.imcce.fr/Equipes/ASD/preprints/prep.2002/venus1.2002.pdf
  17. Correia A.C.M., Laskar J. (2003), Long-term evolution of the spin of Venus: II. numerical simulations, Icarus, v.163, p.24-45; preprint http://www.imcce.fr/Equipes/ASD/preprints/prep.2002/venus2.2002.pdf
  18. Gold T., Soter S. (1969), Atmospheric tides and the resonant rotation of Venus, Icarus, v. 11, p 356-366
  19. Mikkola S., Brasser R., Wiegert P., Innanen K. Asteroid 2002 VE68, a quasi-satellite of Venus, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol 351 p L63. Jul 2004
  20. Espenak, Fred (1996). "NASA Reference Publication 1349; Venus: Twelve year planetary ephemeris, 1995-2006". Twelve Year Planetary Ephemeris Directory. NASA. http://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/TYPE/venus2.html. Retrieved 2006-06-20. ,
  21. Krystek, Lee. "Natural Identified Flying Objects". The Unnatural Museum. http://www.unmuseum.org/ifonat.htm. Retrieved 2006-06-20. 
  22. Baum, R. M. (2000), The enigmatic ashen light of Venus: an overview, Journal of the British Astronomical Association, v.110, p.325
  23. "Galileo: the Telescope & the Laws of Dynamics". Astronomy 161; The Solar System. Dept. Physics & Astronomy, University of Tennessee. http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr161/lect/history/galileo.html. Retrieved 2006-06-20. 
  24. Russell H.N. (1899), The Atmosphere of Venus, Astrophysical Journal, v. 9, p.284
  25. Hussey T. (1832), On the rotation of Venus, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, v. 2, p.78
  26. Ross F.E. (1928), Photographs of Venus, Astrophysical Journal, vol. 68, p.57
  27. Slipher V.M. (1903), A Spectrographic Investigation of the Rotation Velocity of Venus, Astronomische Nachrichten, v. 163, p.35
  28. Goldstein R.M., Carpenter R.L. (1963), Rotation of Venus: Period Estimated from Radar Measurements, Science, v. 139, p. 910-911
  29. Campbell D.B., Dyce R.B., Pettengill G.H. (1976), New radar image of Venus, Science, v. 193, p. 1123
  30. Jet Propulsion Laboratory (1962). Mariner-Venus 1962 Final Project Report. SP-59. NASA. http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19660005413_1966005413.pdf. 
  31. Eshleman V, Fjeldbo G (1969). The atmosphere of Venus as studied with the Mariner 5 dual radio-frequency occultation experiment. SU-SEL-69-003. NASA. http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19690011426_1969011426.pdf. 
  32. Dunne, J & Burgess E (1978). The Voyage of Mariner 10. SP-424. NASA. http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19780019203_1978019203.pdf. 
  33. Colin L, Hall C (1977). "The Pioneer Venus Program". Space Science Reviews 20. http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-iarticle_query?1977SSRv...20..283C&data_type=PDF_HIGH&type=PRINTER&filetype=.pdf. 
  34. Linkin V, Blamont J, Preston R (1985). "The Vega Venus Balloon experiment". Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society 17: 722. 
  35. "Venus Express". ESA Portal. http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/area/index.cfm?fareaid=64. Retrieved 27 May 2006. 
  36. Jerome translated Φώσφορος as lucifer, in Isaiah 14:12
More
Upload a video for this entry
Information
Contributor MDPI registered users' name will be linked to their SciProfiles pages. To register with us, please refer to https://encyclopedia.pub/register :
View Times: 2.5K
Entry Collection: HandWiki
Revision: 1 time (View History)
Update Date: 01 Nov 2022
Notice
You are not a member of the advisory board for this topic. If you want to update advisory board member profile, please contact office@encyclopedia.pub.
OK
Confirm
Only members of the Encyclopedia advisory board for this topic are allowed to note entries. Would you like to become an advisory board member of the Encyclopedia?
Yes
No
${ textCharacter }/${ maxCharacter }
Submit
Cancel
There is no comment~
${ textCharacter }/${ maxCharacter }
Submit
Cancel
${ selectedItem.replyTextCharacter }/${ selectedItem.replyMaxCharacter }
Submit
Cancel
Confirm
Are you sure to Delete?
Yes No
Academic Video Service