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Topic Review
WS2-Based Nanomaterials Employed for Photocatalytic Water Treatment
Water pollution is one of the most serious environmental issues globally due to its harmful consequences on the ecosystem and public health. Various technologies have been developed for water treatment such as photocatalysis, which has recently drawn scientists’ attention. Photocatalytic techniques using semiconductors have shown an efficient removal of various water contaminants during water treatment as well as cost effectivity and low energy consumption. Tungsten disulfide (WS2) is among the promising Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) photocatalysts, as it has an exceptional nanostructure and special properties including high surface area and high carrier mobility. It is usually synthesized via hydrothermal technique, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) to obtain a wide variety of nanostructures such as nanosheets and nanorods. Most common examples of water pollutants that can be removed efficiently by WS2-based nanomaterials through semiconductor photocatalytic techniques are organic contaminants, pharmaceuticals, heavy metals, and infectious microorganisms.
  • 478
  • 31 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Waste Rubber Particles
One of the environmental problems causing concern in the world today is the black pollution caused by the accumulation of waste rubber resources. Rubber concrete can help solve the black pollution problem caused by waste rubber tires, but it is undeniable that rubber particles will reduce the mechanical properties of concrete. Research on waste rubber particles, particle size and properties are needed for the modification of rubberized concrete.
  • 820
  • 22 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Waste Natural Polymers
 Waste natural polymers have received much attention as renewable, biodegradable, non-toxic and low-cost filler in polymer composites. In order to exploit the high potential for residual natural loading in latex composites, different types of surface modification techniques have been applied. This review discusses the preparation and characterization of the modified waste natural fillers for latex-based composites. The potency of the waste natural filler for the latex-based composites was explored with a focus on the mechanical, thermal, biodegradability and filler–latex interaction.
  • 462
  • 12 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Use of Phase Change Materials in Geopolymers
Phase change materials (PCM) were known already in the 1970s (similarly to geopolymers), but their development is observed today. This is related to the possibility of obtaining a stable phase as well as the possibility of optimization of construction materials concerning the construction needs. These materials can change their physical state depending on the ambient temperature. The most common method is liquid-solid conversion. In the area of application of phase change materials in the construction industry, examples of such materials include organic materials (paraffin, fatty acids), inorganic materials, and eutectics. 
  • 59
  • 04 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Types of Skin Wounds and Wound Healing
Chronic wounds encompass various types, each exhibiting distinct characteristics that are influenced by changes in the wound microenvironment. Parameters such as temperature, pH value, blood glucose concentration, and pressure undergo fluctuations depending on the type and condition of the wound. Hydrogels, composed of hydrophilic polymers, are promising materials for constructing multifunctional platforms. These hydrogels possess several advantageous properties, including a 3D network structure, high permeability to water and oxygen, and biocompatibility. 
  • 164
  • 27 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Types of Hybrid Bio-Based Aerogel Materials
Bio-based aerogels are derived from various renewable sources such as sugar cane, vegetable oils, proteins, starches, chitosan, alginate, pectin, lignin, cellulose, and proteins, which have been shown to be useful in the production of aerogels. These aerogels have special properties that make them well suited for packaging applications and in bioengineering. Studies in this field have led to advances that shed light on their diverse applications, improved properties, and innovative synthesis methods. Researchers have investigated alternative feedstocks for bio-based aerogels to broaden their sources and enhance sustainability. Studies have explored the use of waste materials, agricultural by-products, and unconventional sources to synthesize aerogels, aligning with the principles of a circular and green economy. 
  • 266
  • 04 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Types of Carbon Fibers Used in Geopolymer Matrix
Carbon fibers (CFs) can be applied in different forms of occurrence in the geopolymer matrix. The most popular seem to be short CFs because they are easy to use for different applications. Most manufacturing methods do not require significant changes to implement the short fibers, despite the application of long fibers or textiles. However, several research works involved short fibers; a significant part of them concerns work made with the addition of long fiber fabrics as composite elements, carbon fiber felt, or similar forms, as well as the addition of other forms of carbon, i.e., graphene, graphite, or waste CF used in the manufacture of aviation products. The last three additives were introduced most frequently into geopolymers in the form of particles. 
  • 419
  • 10 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Two-Dimensional Nanomaterial (2D-NMs)-Based Polymeric Composite for Oil–Water Separation
Oil leakage and organic solvent industrial accidents harm the ecosystem, especially aquatic and marine life. Oil–water separation is required to combat this issue, which substantially enhances the ecosystem and recovery of oils from water bodies. The advent of two-dimensional nanomaterials (2D-NMs) gives newer insight in developing membranes due to their exceptional characteristics like hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity, selectivity, antifouling ability, flexibility, and stability. Incorporating 2D-NMs within the polymeric membranes makes them exceptional candidates for removing oil from water. Moreover, 2D-NMs offer rapid sorption/desorption rates and boost water transportation. Additionally, 2D-NMs provide roughness that significantly enhances the fouling resistance in the polymeric membrane. 
  • 203
  • 16 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Tribological Performance of Composites
One of the most widely used wastes is their utilization as fillers or reinforcements in the metal- or polymer-based composites. The reuse of wastes for the production of tribological materials gives not only environmental benefits related to the transformation of waste into raw materials but also may improve the mechanical and tribological properties of such materials. Moreover, the use of waste reduces the production costs resulting from the lower price of filler materials and longer service life of developed products. 
  • 478
  • 20 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Titanium Base Substrates
Titanium base alloys are state-of-the-art implant materials in various surgery applications, including dentistry, bone and craniofacial reconstruction/fixation, and temporary anchorage devices (TAD), etc. Titanium is a lightweight and bioinert metal that possesses a high specific strength (strength to density ratio) and an elastic modulus close to that of human bone. Titanium additionally features excellent corrosion resistance and relatively high X-ray translucency, thus facilitating post-treatment diagnosis. 
  • 479
  • 29 Jul 2021
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