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Topic Review
Cellular Neurobiology of Psychedelics
Psychedelic substances have gained significant attention in recent years for their potential therapeutic effects on various psychiatric disorders.
  • 484
  • 07 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Computational Estimates of Passive Permeability in Drug Discovery
Passive permeation of cellular membranes is a key feature of many therapeutics. The relevance of passive permeability spans all biological systems as they all employ biomembranes for compartmentalization.
  • 162
  • 07 Nov 2023
Topic Review
The Biological Functions of Glutathione
Glutathione (GSH) is a ubiquitous tripeptide that is biosynthesized in situ at high concentrations (1–5 mM) and involved in the regulation of cellular homeostasis via multiple mechanisms.
  • 541
  • 07 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Open Hardware for Microfluidics
Open-source hardware has gained increasing attention in multiple scientific fields and notably in microfluidic lab-on-a-chip research and applications. Free open-source software and hardware (FOSS and FOSH) now offer the opportunity to develop affordable scientific devices and laboratory equipment in-house.
  • 217
  • 07 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Fatty Acids of Biomembranes
Within the context of biomembranes, the matrix comprises an array of complex molecules, with fatty acids serving as fundamental building blocks. Fatty acids exist typically in two forms: saturated and unsaturated monocarboxylic acids, whereas both are characterized by a terminal carboxyl (-COOH) group and a terminal methyl (-CH3) group designated as carbon 1 (Δ) and omega (ω or n), respectively. Over the past century, numerous nomenclature systems have been proposed, including trivial, systematic, ∆x, n − x, and lipid numbers. The trivial nomenclature, though prevalent, lacks systematic patterns. In contrast, the systematic nomenclature adheres to a more regular and structured approach, based on the nomenclature of parent hydrocarbons. It involves adding the suffix “oic” to the hydrocarbon name after removing the terminal “e”. This nomenclature also encompasses the identification of the position of the first double bond from the (n), with the series of fatty acids being named accordingly (e.g., n-3, n-6, n-7, and n-9 series). These distinctions among n-fatty acids lead to variations in their properties, consequently influencing the structure and function of biomembranes.
  • 335
  • 06 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Artificial Intelligence in the Diagnosis of Dairy Cows
With the rapid growth of computational power and data transfer capabilities, machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) are also making inroads into animal husbandry and veterinarian research. In particular, Infrared thermography (IRT) is being increasingly used for health monitoring and the diagnosis of dairy cows, especially in studies related to heat stress, which causes severe losses, helping us analyze its effects on nutrition, milk production, reproduction, etc. There is plenty of evidence for the potential benefits of using IRT for monitoring udder health status in dairy cows and for the early detection of mastitis. Its role in detecting hoof lesions and lameness has also been reported. The growth of the population and the increase of quality standards has set a requirement for the production of more and better quality food. The capabilities and potential benefits of IRT make systems for the automatic collection and processing of thermographic information and decision-making particularly important.
  • 417
  • 06 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Female Fertility in Beef Cattle
Female fertility is the foundation of the cow–calf industry, impacting both efficiency and profitability. 
  • 289
  • 06 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Influenza A Virus Subtypes in Chile
The influenza A virus (IAV) poses a significant global threat to public health and food security. Chile’s encounter with IAV began in 2002, with the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H7N3 virus, derived from a unique South American low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) virus. 
  • 215
  • 06 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Multi-Omics Integration for Design of Novel Therapies
Multi-omics is a cutting-edge approach that combines data from different biomolecular levels, such as DNA, RNA, proteins, metabolites, and epigenetic marks, to obtain a holistic view of how living systems work and interact. Multi-omics has been used for various purposes in biomedical research, such as identifying new diseases, discovering new drugs, personalizing treatments, and optimizing therapies.
  • 294
  • 06 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Mutational Signatures in Gastric Cancer
Gastric cancer is characterised by high inter- and intratumour heterogeneity. The majority of patients are older than 65 years and the global burden of this disease is increasing due to the aging of the population. The disease is usually diagnosed at advanced stages, which is a consequence of nonspecific symptoms. A new field of mutational signatures has emerged in the past decade with advances in the genome sequencing technology. These distinct mutational patterns in the genome, caused by exogenous and endogenous mutational processes, can be associated with tumour aetiology and disease progression, and could provide novel perception on the treatment possibilities. 
  • 382
  • 06 Nov 2023
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