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Topic Review
Staphylococcus schweitzeri
The Staphylococcus aureus-related complex is formed by the Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus schweitzeri, Staphylococcus argenteus, Staphylococcus roterodami and Staphylococcus singaporensis. Within this complex, S. schweitzeri is the only species mainly found in African wildlife, but it is rarely detected as a colonizer in humans or as a contaminant of fomites. The few detections in humans are most likely spillover events after contact with wildlife. However, since S. schweitzeri can be misidentified as S. aureus using culture-based routine techniques, it is likely that S. schweitzeri is under-reported in humans. The low number of isolates in humans, though, is consistent with the fact that the pathogen has typical animal adaptation characteristics (e.g., growth kinetics, lack of immune evasion cluster and antimicrobial resistance); however, evidence from selected in vitro assays (e.g., host cell invasion, cell activation, cytotoxicity) indicate that S. schweitzeri might be as virulent as S. aureus. In this case, contact with animals colonized with S. schweitzeri could constitute a risk for zoonotic infections. 
  • 637
  • 24 May 2022
Topic Review
Sulcia Muelleri
"Candidatus Sulcia muelleri" is an aerobic, gram-negative, bacillus bacteria that is a part of the phylum Bacteroidetes. S. muelleri is an obligate and mutualistic symbiotic microbe commonly found occupying specialized cell compartments of sap-feeding insects called bacteriocytes. A majority of the research done on S. muelleri has detailed its relationship with the host Homalodisca vitripennis. Other studies have documented the nature of its residency in other insects like the maize leafhopper (Cicadulina) or the spittlebug (Cercopoidea). Sulcia muelleri is noted for its exceptionally minimal genome and it is currently identified as having the smallest known sequenced Bacteroidetes genome at only 245 kilobases.
  • 340
  • 20 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Tafazzin in Mitochondrial Function, Development and Disease
Tafazzin, an enzyme associated with the rare inherited x-linked disorder Barth Syndrome, is a nuclear encoded mitochondrial transacylase that is highly conserved across multiple species and plays an important role in mitochondrial function. 
  • 431
  • 15 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Tagetes (Asteraceae)
The genus Tagetes, which includes plants known as ‘marigolds’, belongs to the Asteraceae family and contains more than 50 cultivated and wild species. Marigolds are native to America, but several species are naturalised in Africa, Asia, and Europe. Plants of the genus Tagetes are amongst the most widespread garden flowers worldwide. Marigolds are popular amongst gardeners due to their easy cultivation, wide adaptability, low demands for ecological and technological factors, and flower production throughout the year.
  • 995
  • 21 Apr 2022
Topic Review
TaNACs in Wheat Crop Improvement
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is one of the main staple food crops cultivated around the world. Although it is a very important cereal crop, it is underexplored compared to rice, barley, and maize. The main reason is its large and complex hexaploid genome, AABBDD (2n = 6x = 42), which has three homoeologous sets of genes that make research more demanding. The genome of rice is diploid, 33 times smaller than that of wheat; therefore, this species is very well explored and treated as a model among cereals. Barley and maize are diploid species. However, the first one is more closely related to wheat, thus reports on the cis-regulation of genes in these two species, rice, and barley, by NAC TFs are also discussed and compared with wheat.
  • 476
  • 27 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Teleostei Innate Immune System
The innate immune system is the first line of defense in multicellular organisms. Danio rerio is widely considered a promising model for IIS-related research, with the most amount of scRNAseq data available among Teleostei.
  • 135
  • 29 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Toxoplasma gondii. Toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasma gondii is a pathogenic protozoan parasite that infects the nucleated cells of warm-blooded hosts leading to an infectious zoonotic disease known as toxoplasmosis. The infection outcomes might be severe and fatal in patients with immunodeficiency, diabetes, and pregnant women and infants. 
  • 299
  • 21 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Toxoplasma gondii in Foods
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that causes toxoplasmosis, with approximately one third of the population around the world seropositive. The consumption of contaminated food is the main source of infection. These include meat products with T. gondii tissue cysts, and dairy products with tachyzoites.
  • 699
  • 31 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Trichoderma spp. in Ornamental Plants
Scientists all over the world conduct research to determine the influence of Trichoderma spp. on various groups of plants, mostly crops. However, there is little information on the influence of these fungi on ornamental plants. Trichoderma spp. in this group of plants is also an effective biostimulant. These fungi are important tools in promoting the growth and flowering of ornamental plants. Stimulates nutrient uptake and the formation of chlorophyll and carotenoids. With them, the use of fertilizers can be reduced, thus protecting the environment.   
  • 472
  • 15 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Trichoderma hamatum
Trichoderma hamatum (Bonord.) Bainier (T. hamatum) belongs to Hypocreaceae family, Trichoderma genus. Trichoderma spp. are prominently known for their biocontrol activities and plant growth promotion. Hence, T. hamatum also possess several beneficial activities, such as antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity, insecticidal activity, herbicidal activity, and plant growth promotion; in addition, it holds several other beneficial properties, such as resistance to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and degradation of DDT by certain enzymes and production of certain polysaccharide-degrading enzymes.
  • 433
  • 13 Oct 2023
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