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Topic Review
The Concept of Sustainability and the Sustainable Pillars
The concept of sustainability or sustainable development is based on the German word “Nachhaltigkeit”, which was defined in the book Sylvicultura Oeconomica, by von Carlowitz. Implementing sustainability can be traced back to the year 1713, when it was used in relation to the forest industry, along with an implemented discussion of whether a forest can recover from humans’ wood consumption.
  • 526
  • 29 May 2023
Topic Review
Internet-Based E-Waste Collection Platforms
As Internet-based e-waste collection moves from a novelty to a routine way of e-waste collection in China, the service quality of Internet-based e-waste collection platforms plays a crucial role in attracting users.
  • 433
  • 29 May 2023
Topic Review
Potentially Toxic Elements in Pharmaceutical Industrial Effluents
Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) are metallic chemicals with densities that are higher than that of water. Water pollution by PTEs due to the discharge of untreated pharmaceutical industrial effluents is a risk to human health and ecological integrity. 
  • 248
  • 26 May 2023
Topic Review
Mineral Fertilizers
Soil is a strategic resource and a vital part of the environment, being the main source of agricultural products. The human race receives about 95% of food products in the form of crops from cultivated land. The main task of land users is to preserve and increase soil fertility and then increase the productivity of agrocenoses and protect agroecosystems from pollution. The optimal physiological development of plants is ensured by adequate nutrition, primarily mineral nutrition. In the majority of soils, mineral salts are present in sufficient quantities. If not, their need for minerals can be fulfilled with mineral fertilizers.
  • 765
  • 25 May 2023
Topic Review
Late Renaissance Garden Units
The use of plants in Renaissance gardens is the subject of numerous studies and essays on botanical history in Europe. A garden unit was defined as a garden or garden section with distinct denomination and function (plant use).  In the case of “Type A” sites, it can be identified as a total of three characteristic garden units on the basis of the archives, which occurred regularly in the examined Late Renaissance gardens: flower garden, vegetable garden, and orchard.
  • 284
  • 25 May 2023
Topic Review
Tools for Optimization of Biomass-to-Energy Conversion Processes
Biomasses are renewable sources used in energy conversion processes to obtain diverse products through different technologies. The production chain, which involves delivery, logistics, pre-treatment, storage and conversion as general components, can be costly and uncertain due to inherent variability. Optimization methods are widely applied for modeling the biomass supply chain (BSC) for energy processes. 
  • 424
  • 25 May 2023
Topic Review
Machine Learning in Land Use Change Detection
Land use change detection (LUCD) is a critical technology with applications in various fields, including forest disturbance, cropland changes, and urban expansion.
  • 300
  • 24 May 2023
Topic Review
Climate Change Impacts, Public Attitudes, and Climate Action
European member states have high emission reduction potential. They send a strong signal to the rest of the world with their action or inaction on climate change. Yet, within the EU, national-level climate policies (NLCP) lag behind the EU Commission’s overall climate goals. Transparency of and accountability for climate action requires an integrative perspective.
  • 276
  • 23 May 2023
Topic Review
Theory of Urban Farming
Urban agriculture attempts to advance sustainable agricultural methods, such as composting, the use of organic fertilizers, and water conservation. It involves a multidisciplinary approach, combining knowledge of soil science, plant physiology, sustainable agriculture, and technology. Crop rotation and companion planting are two other methods urban farmers can utilize to lessen the demand for pesticides and herbicides. The crops are managed using advanced technology involving sensor-based monitoring, automated irrigation systems, and data analysis to maximize crop output. Urban crop farming is regarded as an important agricultural activity for the modern and circular economy, as it can also improve the urban residents’ income and reduce agricultural waste and gaseous emissions from long-distance transportation.
  • 1.6K
  • 23 May 2023
Topic Review
Requirement on Mapping High-Resolution Urban Impervious Surfaces
Urban impervious surface (UIS) refers to a land surface paved with impervious or low permeability materials within the urban development boundary. UIS generally consists of materials such as tile, impervious asphalt, and impervious concrete. It typically includes buildings, structures, impervious roads, plazas, parking lots, etc. UIS is a key parameter in climate change, environmental change, and sustainability. High-resolution impervious surface mapping is a long-term need. There is an urgent requirement for impervious surface mapping from high-resolution remote sensing imagery. High-resolution images can capture details and spatial relationships among different objects, gradually becoming an important data source for fine-grained urban impervious surface extraction.
  • 289
  • 23 May 2023
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