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Topic Review
Advanced Oxidation Technologies
Advanced oxidation process (AOPs) based on sulfate radical (SO4●−) and singlet oxygen (1O2) has attracted a lot of attention because of its characteristics of rapid reaction, efficient treatment, safety and stability, and easy operation. SO4●− and 1O2 mainly comes from the activation reaction of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) or persulfate (PS), which represent the oxidation reactions involving radicals and non-radicals, respectively. The degradation effects of target pollutants will be different due to the type of oxidant, reaction system, activation methods, operating conditions, and other factors.
  • 342
  • 12 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Deep Learning-Based Weed Detection Using UAV Images
Deep learning-based weed detection using UAV images. Recently, the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) has made significant progress in its design and capability, including payload flexibility, communication and connectivity, navigation and autonomy, speed and flight time, which has potential to revolutionize the precision agriculture.
  • 342
  • 13 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Permeation Increases Biofilm Development in Nanofiltration Membranes
Nutrient limitation has been proposed as a biofouling control strategy for membrane systems. However, the impact of permeation on biofilm development under phosphorus-limited and enriched conditions is poorly understood. The biofilm development is analyzed in membrane fouling simulators (MFSs) with and without permeation supplied with water varying dosed phosphorus concentrations (0 and 25 μg P·L-1). 
  • 341
  • 31 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Toxins and Toxins Secreted by Algal Bloom Habitats
Fish die-offs are important indicators of aquatic environmental problems, and although some fish species are very sensitive to adverse changes in environmental conditions (there are many fish species that have a relatively low tolerance to changes in the environment), it is important to remember that such changes usually affect entire aquatic ecosystems, and thus other animals and plants, as well as everything related to the bottom life of the aquatic environment. Localized sudden and mass fish kills or even whole fish populations and deterioration (mortality) in aquatic life in different types of water bodies, namely freshwater, marine, and estuarine, have been observed quite frequently and excessively. Although the causes of their occurrence may be natural, anthropogenic changes and pollution (including toxins) in aquatic and terrestrial systems are major contributors to the increasing frequency and magnitude of fish kills worldwide.
  • 341
  • 03 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Biochemical Mechanisms of Bioremediation Processes with Filamentous Fungi
The industrial sector plays a significant role in global economic growth. However, it also produces polluting effluents that must be treated to prevent environmental damage and ensure the quality of life for future generations is not compromised. Various physical, chemical, and biological methods have been employed to treat industrial effluents. Filamentous fungi, in particular, have garnered attention as effective bioremediation agents due to their ability to produce enzymes capable of degrading recalcitrant compounds, and adsorb different pollutant molecules.
  • 341
  • 05 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Technological Innovation Efficiency in China
Innovation is the engine and accelerator that drives high-quality economic and enterprise development. In recent years, the output of scientific and technological innovation in China has been high, but the phenomenon of low efficiency and low quality of innovation occurs frequently. Under the high-intensity systemic investment in innovation, China’s overall innovation capability continues to rise.According to the National Bureau of Statistics of China, China ranks first in research and experimental development (R&D) activities in the world’s major economies. From the perspective of innovation output, China is at the forefront of the world regarding the scale of patent authorisation and the number of international papers published. However, it is puzzling that China’s national innovation index has always been outside the top 10 in the world (in 2021, it ranked 12th). With the increasingly fierce scientific and technological competition between China and the United States of America (USA), the negative list of some core technologies from the USA has highlighted the problem of “sticking neck” in China’s key technologies. It reflects the fact that although China has a large amount of innovations, many are low-quality innovations. There are core technologies still controlled by others. The surging output of innovation in China has not been accompanied by the improvement of innovation quality, which also shows that China’s technological innovation is facing the dilemma of innovation inefficiency caused by the input–output mismatch. Technological innovation efficiency (TIE) is a key indicator to measure the output level of innovation input factors per unit time. Compared with other developed countries, China’s innovation efficiency is still far away in terms of TIE.
  • 340
  • 22 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Massetognathus
Massetognathus (/ˌmæsɪˈtɒɡnəθəs/ MASS-ə-TOG-nə-thəss; Greek for "chewing muscle jaw") is an extinct genus of plant-eating traversodontid cynodonts. They lived during the Triassic Period about 235 million years ago, and are known from the Chañares Formation in Argentina and the Santa Maria Formation in Brazil.
  • 340
  • 09 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Biosynthesis of Extracellular Polysaccharides in Pseudomonas
Pseudomonas biofilms have been studied intensively for several decades and research outcomes have been successfully implemented in various medical and agricultural applications. Research on biofilm synthesis and composition has also overlapped with the objectives of environmental sciences, since biofilm components show exceptional physicochemical properties applicable to remediation techniques. Especially, exopolysaccharides (ExPs) have been at the center of scientific interest, indicating their potential in solving the environmental issues of heavy metal land and water contamination via sorptive interactions and flocculation.
  • 340
  • 21 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Geoethics
Geoethics is a field of knowledge currently in full development. Researchers in geoethics are primarily concerned with the anthropogenic interaction with the Earth system. Due to its nature, geoethics holds particular importance in sustainable development due to its nature as it aims to promote ethical human behaviour that does not negatively impact the Earth system. 
  • 340
  • 20 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Antibiotic Resistance (ABR) in Aquatic Environments
Antibiotic resistance (ABR) in aquatic environments can cause detrimental effects on ecosystems and public health. 
  • 340
  • 15 Apr 2024
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