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Topic Review
Self-Esteem in Idiopathic Epilepsy
People with etiologically unknown (idiopathic) epilepsy may have their self-esteem compromised to a certain extent, particularly the females. These results validate our position that people with epilepsy are “more than their mere symptomatic illness”, and that there is a worth in capturing wider patient-reported outcomes, beyond mere seizure frequency and severity. We consider that the usual epilepsy care must go beyond the mere prescription of ASMs.
  • 653
  • 29 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Self-Employed People
Self-employment (SE) is a growing precarious work arrangement internationally. In the current digital age, SE appears in configurations and contours that differ from the labor market of 50 years ago and is part of a ‘paradigm shift’ from manufacturing/managerial capitalism to entrepreneurial capitalism. The SE trend is accelerating due to the rising 'gig' economy and the undermining of the former employment structures that provided secure, lifetime jobs with predictable advancement and stable pay. 
  • 446
  • 24 May 2022
Topic Review
Self-Determined Regulation/Achievement Goals/Sport Commitment in Masters Swimmers
Self-determination theory (SDT) is the predominant theory of human motivation. SDT explains how human motivation can be affected by personal, social and environmental factors. Achievement goals are defined as the reasons or aims that drive an individual’s behaviour. This theory holds that the aim of an individual in achievement situations is to show ability, and that, depending on what such individuals consider achievement, they will present different types of goals. The theory of sport commitment defines the concept as the psychological state representing the resolve to continue participating in sport.
  • 281
  • 24 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Self-Congruity of Visitor in Heritage Hotels
Heritage hotels attract a large number of foreign and domestic tourists by offering luxurious experiences while also providing an opportunity to learn about the history, art, culture, tastes, traditions, and sentiments present in various eras in a region’s history. Self-congruity greatly influences the visitor’s emotional experiences; the concept of visitors’ self-congruity should find more attention in heritage tourism. Furthermore, using digital technologies can probably improve the overall tourism experience.
  • 1.0K
  • 09 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Self-confrontation Psychology
Self-Confrontation psychology is a technique for examining people's behavior modification. This process can be called Self-Confrontation Method(SCM). It relies on people's inconsistent knowledge and dissatisfaction with their own values, motivation, behaviors, or with their personal systems and those of significant others to make a change that patient needs to change. Self-Confrontation Psychology is based on two theories which are Valuation Theory and Dialogical-Self Theory.
  • 1.1K
  • 03 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Self-confidence
The concept of self-confidence is commonly used as self-assurance in one's personal judgment, ability, power, etc. One's self confidence increases from experiences of having satisfactorily completed particular activities. It is a positive belief that in the future one can generally accomplish what one wishes to do. Self-confidence is not the same as self-esteem, which is an evaluation of one's own worth, whereas self-confidence is more specifically trust in one's ability to achieve some goal, which one meta-analysis suggested is similar to generalization of self-efficacy. Abraham Maslow and many others after him have emphasized the need to distinguish between self-confidence as a generalized personality characteristic, and self-confidence with respect to a specific task, ability or challenge (i.e. self-efficacy). Self-confidence typically refers to general self-confidence. This is different from self-efficacy, which psychologist Albert Bandura has defined as a “belief in one’s ability to succeed in specific situations or accomplish a task” and therefore is the term that more accurately refers to specific self-confidence. Psychologists have long noted that a person can possess self-confidence that he or she can complete a specific task (self-efficacy) (e.g. cook a good meal or write a good novel) even though they may lack general self-confidence, or conversely be self-confident though they lack the self-efficacy to achieve a particular task (e.g. write a novel). These two types of self-confidence are, however, correlated with each other, and for this reason can be easily conflated.
  • 5.4K
  • 18 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Secularization
Secularization is a complex sociological concept that denotes the diminishing influence and significance of religious beliefs and institutions in various aspects of society, such as politics, education, and culture. It involves the gradual shift away from a society where religious values and institutions play a central role in shaping public life to one where secular or non-religious principles increasingly guide social norms and institutions. This process is often characterized by the declining importance of religious authority, rituals, and practices in the face of the rise of secular ideologies and institutions.
  • 373
  • 25 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Secular Humanism
Secular humanism, often simply called humanism, is a philosophy or life stance that embraces human reason, secular ethics, and philosophical naturalism while specifically rejecting religious dogma, supernaturalism, and superstition as the basis of morality and decision making. Secular humanism posits that human beings are capable of being ethical and moral without religion or belief in a deity. It does not, however, assume that humans are either inherently good or evil, nor does it present humans as being superior to nature. Rather, the humanist life stance emphasizes the unique responsibility facing humanity and the ethical consequences of human decisions. Fundamental to the concept of secular humanism is the strongly held viewpoint that ideology—be it religious or political—must be thoroughly examined by each individual and not simply accepted or rejected on faith. Along with this, an essential part of secular humanism is a continually adapting search for truth, primarily through science and philosophy. Many secular humanists derive their moral codes from a philosophy of utilitarianism, ethical naturalism, or evolutionary ethics, and some advocate a science of morality. Humanists International is the world union of more than one hundred humanist, rationalist, irreligious, atheist, Bright, secular, Ethical Culture, and freethought organizations in more than 40 countries. The "Happy Human" is recognized as the official symbol of humanism internationally, used by secular humanist organizations in every part of the world. Those who call themselves humanists are estimated to number between four and five million people worldwide.
  • 5.7K
  • 14 Oct 2022
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Secondary Education and COVID-19
Secondary education is the second stage of formal education and traditionally begins after primary school, usually about age 11 to 13. The COVID-19 pandemic caused immeasurable changes to the educational system which inevitably greatly impacted secondary education. The current entry describes the changes in secondary education imposed by the pandemic and explores the accompanying challenges.
  • 1.3K
  • 14 Apr 2022
Topic Review
SDGs Integration within the Spanish Physical Education Curriculum
Education is a universal right, enshrined in the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights in Article 26.1 and also included in the Spanish Constitution of 1978 in Article 27. Because of this, Spanish educational policy has undergone changes over the years, highlighting a great expansion of the educational system, promotion of social equality, decentralization of the educational system, and the configuration of a new school model.
  • 127
  • 09 Jan 2024
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