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Topic Review
ABCA1 Gene
ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1
  • 838
  • 24 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is an abnormal curvature of the spine that appears in late childhood or adolescence. Instead of growing straight, the spine develops a side-to-side curvature, usually in an elongated "S" or "C" shape; the bones of the spine are also slightly twisted or rotated.
  • 838
  • 24 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Hennekam Syndrome
Hennekam syndrome is an inherited disorder resulting from malformation of the lymphatic system, which is part of both the circulatory system and immune system. The lymphatic system consists of a network of vessels that transport lymph fluid and immune cells throughout the body.
  • 837
  • 04 Apr 2021
Topic Review
NLRP3 Gene
NLR family pyrin domain containing 3
  • 837
  • 23 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Acromicric Dysplasia
Acromicric dysplasia is a condition characterized by severely short stature, short limbs, stiff joints, and distinctive facial features.
  • 837
  • 23 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Proximal 18q Deletion Syndrome
Proximal 18q deletion syndrome is a chromosomal condition that occurs when a piece of the long (q) arm of chromosome 18 is missing. The term "proximal" means that the missing piece occurs near the center of the chromosome. Individuals with proximal 18q deletion syndrome have a wide variety of signs and symptoms. Because only a small number of people are known to have this type of deletion, it can be difficult to determine which features should be considered characteristic of the disorder.
  • 837
  • 24 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Parathyroid Cancer
Parathyroid cancer is a rare cancer that usually affects people in their forties or fifties and occurs in one of the four parathyroid glands. The parathyroid glands are located in the neck and secrete parathyroid hormone, which enhances the release of calcium into the blood.
  • 837
  • 24 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Ewing Sarcoma
Ewing sarcoma is a cancerous tumor that occurs in bones or soft tissues, such as cartilage or nerves. There are several types of Ewing sarcoma, including Ewing sarcoma of bone, extraosseous Ewing sarcoma, peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (pPNET), and Askin tumor. These tumors are considered to be related because they have similar genetic causes. These types of Ewing sarcoma can be distinguished from one another by the tissue in which the tumor develops. Approximately 87 percent of Ewing sarcomas are Ewing sarcoma of bone, which is a bone tumor that usually occurs in the thigh bones (femurs), pelvis, ribs, or shoulder blades. Extraosseous (or extraskeletal) Ewing sarcoma describes tumors in the soft tissues around bones, such as cartilage. pPNETs occur in nerve tissue and can be found in many parts of the body. A type of pPNET found in the chest is called Askin tumor.
  • 837
  • 25 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Pulmonary Alveolar Microlithiasis
Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis is a disorder in which many tiny fragments (microliths) of a compound called calcium phosphate gradually accumulate in the small air sacs (alveoli) located throughout the lungs.
  • 836
  • 24 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Pulmonary Veno-occlusive Disease
Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is characterized by the blockage (occlusion) of the blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich (oxygenated) blood from the lungs to the heart (the pulmonary veins).
  • 836
  • 24 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Foetal Programming
Foetal programming is a theory that suggests that the environment of the foetus during development affects their disease risk later in life. The three main routes of this programming are through maternal environment causing: These maternal environmental changes can be through nutritional changes, hormonal changes or exposure to toxins.
  • 836
  • 24 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Systemic Scleroderma
Systemic scleroderma is an autoimmune disorder that affects the skin and internal organs. Autoimmune disorders occur when the immune system malfunctions and attacks the body's own tissues and organs. The word "scleroderma" means hard skin in Greek, and the condition is characterized by the buildup of scar tissue (fibrosis) in the skin and other organs. The condition is also called systemic sclerosis because the fibrosis can affect organs other than the skin. Fibrosis is due to the excess production of a tough protein called collagen, which normally strengthens and supports connective tissues throughout the body.  
  • 835
  • 23 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Ichthyosis with Confetti
Ichthyosis with confetti is a disorder of the skin. Individuals with this condition are born with red, scaly skin all over the body, which can be itchy in some people.
  • 835
  • 23 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Netherton Syndrome
Netherton syndrome is a disorder that affects the skin, hair, and immune system. Newborns with Netherton syndrome have skin that is red and scaly (ichthyosiform erythroderma), and the skin may leak fluid. Some affected infants are born with a tight, clear sheath covering their skin called a collodion membrane.
  • 835
  • 23 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Chromosome 13
Humans normally have 46 chromosomes in each cell, divided into 23 pairs. Two copies of chromosome 13, one copy inherited from each parent, form one of the pairs.
  • 835
  • 24 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Paroxysmal Extreme Pain Disorder
Paroxysmal extreme pain disorder is a condition characterized by skin redness and warmth (flushing) and attacks of severe pain in various parts of the body.
  • 835
  • 24 Dec 2020
Topic Review
CALR Gene
calreticulin
  • 835
  • 24 Dec 2020
Topic Review
SMAD4 Gene
SMAD family member 4
  • 835
  • 24 Dec 2020
Topic Review
PGM3-Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation
PGM3-congenital disorder of glycosylation (PGM3-CDG) is an inherited condition that primarily affects the immune system but can also involve other areas of the body. The pattern and severity of this disorder's signs and symptoms typically vary.
  • 835
  • 24 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Leukoencephalopathy with Vanishing White Matter
Leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter is a progressive disorder that mainly affects the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system).
  • 835
  • 24 Dec 2020
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