Your browser does not fully support modern features. Please upgrade for a smoother experience.
Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort by:
Most Viewed Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Filter:
All Topic Review Biography Peer Reviewed Entry Video Entry
Topic Review
ATM Gene
ATM serine/threonine kinase
  • 878
  • 24 Dec 2020
Topic Review
GALC Gene
Galactosylceramidase: The GALC gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called galactosylceramidase. 
  • 878
  • 25 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Epigenetics of Aging
Aging represents the multifactorial decline in physiological function of every living organism. Over the past decades, several hallmarks of aging have been defined, including epigenetic deregulation. Indeed, multiple epigenetic events were found altered across different species during aging. Epigenetic changes directly contributing to aging and aging-related diseases include the accumulation of histone variants, changes in chromatin accessibility, loss of histones and heterochromatin, aberrant histone modifications, and deregulated expression/activity of miRNAs. As a consequence, cellular processes are affected, which results in the development or progression of several human pathologies, including cancer, diabetes, osteoporosis, and neurodegenerative disorders.
  • 878
  • 13 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Drug Resistance of Colon Carcinoma
Drug resistance is one of the major forces driving a poor prognosis during the treatment and progression of human colon carcinomas. The molecular mechanisms that regulate the diverse processes underlying drug resistance are still under debate. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a subgroup of non-coding RNAs increasingly found to be associated with the regulation of tumorigenesis and drug resistance.
  • 878
  • 08 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Mismatch Repair Genes in Lynch Syndrome
Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer is also known as Lynch syndrome. Lynch syndrome is associated with pathogenetic variants in one of the mismatch repair (MMR) genes.
  • 878
  • 28 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Up-Frameshift Protein 1 in Human Disorders
Up-frameshift protein 1 (UPF1) plays the role of a vital controller for transcripts, ready to react in the event of an incorrect translation mechanism. It is well known as one of the key elements involved in mRNA decay pathways and participates in transcript and protein quality control in several different aspects. Firstly, UPF1 specifically degrades premature termination codon (PTC)-containing products in a nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD)-coupled manner. Additionally, UPF1 can potentially act as an E3 ligase and degrade target proteins independently from mRNA decay pathways. Thus, UPF1 protects cells against the accumulation of misfolded polypeptides. However, this multitasking protein may still hide many of its functions and abilities.
  • 878
  • 18 May 2023
Topic Review
Glycogen Storage Disease Type VII
Glycogen storage disease type VII (GSDVII) is an inherited disorder caused by an inability to break down a complex sugar called glycogen in muscle cells. A lack of glycogen breakdown interferes with the function of muscle cells.
  • 877
  • 23 Dec 2020
Topic Review
BICD2 Gene
BICD cargo adaptor 2
  • 877
  • 24 Dec 2020
Topic Review
GABRA1 Gene
Gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor alpha1 subunit
  • 877
  • 25 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Prescription Opioid Misuse
Prescription opioids are used for some chronic pain conditions. However, generally, long-term therapy has unwanted side effects which may trigger addiction, overdose, and eventually cause deaths. Opioid addiction and chronic pain conditions have both been associated with evidence of genetic and epigenetic alterations. Despite intense research interest, many questions about the contribution of epigenetic changes to this typology of addiction vulnerability and development remain unanswered.
  • 877
  • 06 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Tyrosine Hydroxylase Deficiency
Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) deficiency is a disorder that primarily affects movement, with symptoms that may range from mild to severe.  
  • 876
  • 23 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Craniofrontonasal Syndrome
Craniofrontonasal syndrome is a rare condition characterized by the premature closure of certain bones of the skull (craniosynostosis) during development, which affects the shape of the head and face. The condition is named for the areas of the body that are typically affected: the skull (cranio-), face (fronto-), and nose (nasal).
  • 876
  • 24 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Familial Cylindromatosis
Familial cylindromatosis is a condition involving multiple skin tumors that develop from structures associated with the skin (skin appendages), such as hair follicles and sweat glands. People with familial cylindromatosis typically develop large numbers of tumors called cylindromas. While previously thought to derive from sweat glands, cylindromas are now generally believed to begin in hair follicles.
  • 876
  • 25 Dec 2020
Topic Review
PDHA1 Gene
pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 alpha 1 subunit
  • 876
  • 25 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Maternally Inherited Diabetes and Deafness
Maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) is a form of diabetes that is often accompanied by hearing loss, especially of high tones. The diabetes in MIDD is characterized by high blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia) resulting from a shortage of the hormone insulin, which regulates the amount of sugar in the blood. In MIDD, the diabetes and hearing loss usually develop in mid-adulthood, although the age that they occur varies from childhood to late adulthood. Typically, hearing loss occurs before diabetes.
  • 875
  • 23 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is an inherited disorder that may cause lung disease and liver disease. The signs and symptoms of the condition and the age at which they appear vary among individuals.
  • 875
  • 24 Dec 2020
Topic Review
SALL1 Gene
spalt like transcription factor 1
  • 875
  • 24 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Color Vision Deficiency
Color vision deficiency (sometimes called color blindness) represents a group of conditions that affect the perception of color. 
  • 875
  • 24 Dec 2020
Topic Review
CDC73 Gene
cell division cycle 73
  • 875
  • 24 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Cytochrome P450 Oxidoreductase Deficiency
Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase deficiency is a disorder of hormone production. This condition specifically affects steroid hormones, which are needed for normal development and reproduction. The hormonal changes associated with cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase deficiency can affect the development of the reproductive system, skeleton, and other parts of the body. These signs and symptoms are usually present at birth or become apparent in early childhood.
  • 875
  • 24 Dec 2020
  • Page
  • of
  • 135
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Books

>>
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
Encyclopedia of Engineering
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of COVID-19
Academic Video Service
Feedback