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Topic Review
Scorpius
Scorpius, known as "the Scorpion," is a striking constellation visible in the southern celestial hemisphere during the summer months. With its distinctive shape resembling a scorpion's curved tail, Scorpius is one of the most recognizable constellations in the night sky. 
  • 2.4K
  • 15 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Micro-Grid Communication Protocols and Standards
A microgrid is a comprehensive system that includes energy storage, different energy sources, and loads within a certain boundary. It functions seamlessly, whether it is linked to, or works independently from, the main electrical grid, ensuring a consistent power supply. Microgrids consist of distributed energy resources (DER) and loads, which may be located in one place or spread throughout an electrical distribution network.
  • 2.4K
  • 18 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Persea americana
Persea americana, commonly known as avocado, has recently gained substantial popularity and is often marketed as a “superfood” because of its unique nutritional composition, antioxidant content, and biochemical profile. However, the term “superfood” can be vague and misleading, as it is often associated with unrealistic health claims. This article provides a comprehensive summary and assessment of the studies performed in the literature to understand the nutritional and therapeutic properties of avocado and its bioactive compounds. 
  • 2.4K
  • 13 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Seaweed Phenolic Compounds
Seaweeds are a potential source of bioactive compounds that are useful for biotechnological applications and can be employed in different industrial areas in order to replace synthetic compounds with components of natural origin. Diverse studies demonstrate that there is a solid ground for the exploitation of seaweed bioactive compounds in order to prevent illness and to ensure a better and healthier lifestyle. Among the bioactive algal molecules, phenolic compounds are produced as secondary metabolites with beneficial effects on plants, and also on human beings and animals, due to their inherent bioactive properties, which exert antioxidant, antiviral, and antimicrobial activities. 
  • 2.4K
  • 07 May 2021
Topic Review
Forgiveness Scale
A forgiveness scale is a psychological test that attempts to measure a person's willingness to forgive. A true definition of forgiveness is debated by many researchers, yet Hargrave suggests that forgiveness refers to releasing resentment towards an offender. Forgiveness is a complex phenomenon which involves cognitive, affective, behavioural, motivational, decisional and interpersonal elements. Forgiveness is thought to be central to human functioning and important in restoring interpersonal relationships. It is an effective intervention to problems caused by anger, depression, drug abuse, guilt and moral development. Due to the different conceptualisations of forgiveness, different scales have been developed to measure the ability in different ways. Examples of forgiveness scales include the Forgiveness scale of the Interpersonal Relationship Resolution Scale; the Marital Offence-Specific Forgiveness Scale; the Workplace Forgiveness Scale; and the Tendency to Forgive scale. Forgiveness can also be measured via methods which are not empirical scales. These may come in the form of biological measures; such as chemical, central and peripheral physiological measures, as well as behavioural measures; and measures of self forgiveness. Studies have found that compared to participants without past suicide attempts, those with past suicide attempts scored on the Forgiveness Scale as being significantly less believing of forgiveness by others, were less likely to forgive themselves, and to a lesser degree, were less forgiving of others.
  • 2.4K
  • 14 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Simulation Argument (Planck Scale)
Programming deep universe (Programmer God) Simulation Hypothesis models at the Planck scale The simulation hypothesis or simulation argument is the argument that proposes all current existence, including the Earth and the rest of the universe, could be an artificial simulation, such as a computer simulation. The ancestor simulation approach, which Nick Bostrom called "the simulation argument", argues for "high-fidelity" simulations of ancestral life that would be indistinguishable from reality to the simulated ancestor. However this simulation variant can be traced back to an 'organic base reality' (the original programmer ancestors). The Programmer God approach conversely states that the universe simulation began with the big bang (the deep universe simulation) and was programmed by an external intelligence (external to the universe), the Programmer by definition a God in the creator of the universe context. As the universe in its entirety, down to the smallest detail, is within the simulation, coding will occur at the lowest level. In Big Bang cosmology, the Planck epoch or Planck era is the earliest stage of the Big Bang, where cosmic time was equal to Planck time. In analyzing the feasibility of a Programmer God simulation, Planck time therefore becomes the reference for the simulation clock-rate, with the simulation operating at or below the Planck scale, and with the Planck units as (top-level) candidates for the base (mass, length, time, charge) units.
  • 2.4K
  • 25 Nov 2022
Topic Review
The Role of the Cerebellum in Spatial Navigation
Although the function of the cerebellum has typically been associated with motor functions, several recent studies point to the cerebellum being involved in various cognitive functions, including spatial navigation. More specifically, clinical and neuroimaging evidence  suggests a functional and anatomical distinction between sensorimotor and cognitive cerebellum. The latter includes lobule VI, Crus I and II and lobule VIIB of the posterior lobe, which have been linked to different aspects of executive functions.
  • 2.4K
  • 18 May 2022
Topic Review
Artificial Intelligence Applied to Photovoltaic Systems
Solar energy is one of the most important renewable energies, and the investment of businesses and governments is increasing every year. Artificial intelligence (AI) is used to solve the most important problems found in photovoltaic (PV) systems, such as the tracking of the Max Power Point of the PV modules, the forecasting of the energy produced by the PV system, the estimation of the parameters of the equivalent model of PV modules or the detection of faults found in PV modules or cells. AI techniques perform better than classical approaches, even though they have some limitations such as the amount of data and the high computation times needed for performing the training.
  • 2.4K
  • 24 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Infrared Radiation in Management of Musculoskeletal Conditions
Infrared radiation (IR), also known as infrared light, consists of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths but shorter than microwave radiation and longer than visible light (750 nm to 1 mm). IR derives from thermal energy; hence, material bodies emitting heat can produce it. Higher temperatures lead to the production of higher amounts of IR of higher frequency and shorter wavelength. IR consists of a promising complementary treatment for a wide range of musculoskeletal conditions, including knee osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, chronic low back pain, chronic myofascial syndrome, sacroiliitis, and Gulf War Illness. Infrared therapy can be delivered with light-emitting devices (photobiomodulation), wires, ceramic materials, and IR saunas. In a number of studies, infrared therapy has also been associated with clinical and perceptual improvement in chronic-pain-related psychosomatic symptoms such as fatigue and insomnia. 
  • 2.4K
  • 25 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Red King Crab Larvae in the Barents Sea
The red king crab (RKC) is a large invasive species inhabiting bottom communities in the Barents Sea. Larval stages of RKC play an important role in determining the spread and recruitment of the population in the coastal waters. Here researchers describe morphological aspects, distribution patterns, and abunance of RKC larvae in the coastal Barents Sea.
  • 2.4K
  • 11 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Virus Nanotechnology
Virus nanotechnology is the use of viruses as a source of nanoparticles for biomedical purposes. Viruses are made up of a genome and a capsid; and some viruses are enveloped. Most virus capsids measure between 20-500 nm in diameter. Because of their nanometer size dimensions, viruses have been considered as naturally occurring nanoparticles. Virus nanoparticles have been subject to the nanoscience and nanoengineering disciplines. Viruses can be regarded as prefabricated nanoparticles. Many different viruses have been studied for various applications in nanotechnology: for example, mammalian viruses are being developed as vectors for gene delivery, and bacteriophages and plant viruses have been used in drug delivery and imaging applications as well as in vaccines and immunotherapy intervention.
  • 2.4K
  • 15 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Phoenix
Phoenix, a constellation in the southern celestial hemisphere, is named after the mythical bird that cyclically regenerates or is reborn from its own ashes. The constellations Phoenix, Grus, Pavo and Tucana, are known as the Southern Birds.
  • 2.4K
  • 15 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Social Distancing
Social Distancing is a new terminology that became a popular term since mid-2020, after a global hit and pandemic by the new generation of the coronavirus (COVID-19). Social distancing is the act of maintaining a safe distance (equal to 6 feet or 2 meters) between individuals as a recommended solution by the World Health Organisation (WHO) to minimise the spread of COVID-19 in public places.  By the end of 2020, the majority of governments and national health authorities have set the 2-meter physical distancing as a mandatory measure in shopping centres, schools, pubs, restaurants, and public places.   
  • 2.4K
  • 06 Mar 2021
Topic Review
Natural Dibenzo-α-pyrone: Friends or Foes?
Dibenzo-α-pyrone (DAP) is the basic scaffold of a group of naturally occurring chemicals. From one angle, the gastrointestinal metabolites urolithins are regarded as beneficial, while from the other, the emerging mycotoxin alternariol and related fungal metabolites are evaluated critically with regards to potential hazardous effects. 
  • 2.4K
  • 20 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Beneficial Effect of MOTS-c on Age-Related Retinal Diseases
Mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA type-c (MOTS-c) is the most unearthed peptide encoded by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). It is an important regulator of the nuclear genome during times of stress because it promotes an adaptive stress response to maintain cellular homeostasis. Identifying MOTS-c specific binding partners may aid in deciphering the complex web of mitochondrial and nuclear-encoded signals. Mitochondrial damage and dysfunction have been linked to aging and the accelerated cell death associated with many types of retinal degenerations. Furthermore, research on MOTS-c ability to revive oxidatively stressed RPE cells has revealed a significant protective role for the molecule. Evidence suggests that senescent cells play a role in the development of age-related retinal disorders. 
  • 2.4K
  • 19 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Graphene-Based Membranes in Oil/Water Separation
Oily wastewaters, oil spills from the petroleum industry, and oil-shipping accidents have caused detrimental effects on aquatic ecosystems. Several methods were proposed by various number of studies to tackle oil spillage cleanups; these methods include absorption, dispersants, solidifiers, and controlled burning. Absorption is one of the most commonly used methods in the separation and recovery of spilled oil from water thanks to its good efficiency, simple operation, and flexibility to combine with other methods. Graphene has a large surface area, with a high chemical and thermal stability. It is an excellent adsorption material and has several applications in the field of oil spill cleanup and water purification processes.
  • 2.4K
  • 28 Feb 2022
Topic Review
σ-hole
σ-hole is a region of depleted electronic density located on the outer side of a covalently-bonded atom, situated roughly along an extension of the bond axis  
  • 2.4K
  • 24 May 2021
Topic Review
Recipe
A recipe is a set of instructions that describes how to prepare or make something, especially a dish of prepared food.
  • 2.4K
  • 20 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Detecting Analytes in Urine for Urinalysis
Human urine samples contain several components that can indicate the health condition of a patient, and therefore aid in the diagnosis of common clinical conditions such as diabetes mellitus (DM), urinary tract infections (UTIs), renal stone disease, kidney disorders, liver problems, obesity, other metabolic disorders, or fetal hypothyroidism. Urine samples also provide evidence of underlying health problems in pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals, which can facilitate early intervention and therapy. These benefits play an important role in encouraging individual access to continuous and regular health monitoring.
  • 2.4K
  • 06 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Forest Volatile Organic Compounds
This article provides a biochemical description of forest Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOCs), namely any organic substance, except carbon dioxide and monoxide, mostly emitted by plants and having vapor pressure high enough to be vaporized in relevant amounts into the forest air. An estimation of the average contribution of forests to the atmospheric composition is mentioned. Additionally, a brief analysis of functional roles that BVOCs play for plant physiology and forest ecology is reported, including the importance of non-tree-derived BVOCs. Finally, biochemical pathways leading to the natural production of most forest BVOCs are described.
  • 2.4K
  • 02 Feb 2021
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