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Topic Review
Acupuncture Regulating Neuro-Endocrine-Immune Network System
Acupuncture can regulate the release of neurotransmitters, neuropeptides and hormones by stimulating the neuroendocrine system. In addition, acupuncture can also indirectly affect the immune system by regulating the neuroendocrine system, specifically embodying the substances released by the neuroendocrine system acting on the corresponding receptors of immune organs and immune cells. As benign stress, acupuncture can change the concentration of certain neurotransmitters, including monoamines and acetylcholine. As the main neurotransmitters of sympathetic nerves, the concentration of monoamine neurotransmitters in the blood can be significantly increased by sympathetic neurostimulation, thus affecting the immune system.  
  • 1.1K
  • 08 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Photobiomodulation in Alzheimer’s Disease
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), as a neurodegenerative disorder, usually develops slowly but gradually worsens. Transcranial photobiomodulation (PBM) has emerged as a potential clinical treatment and cognitive enhancement method for various neurodegenerative pathologies by delivering red and near-infrared light to the frontal and midbrain areas, which could also help increasing the potential of pharmacological therapies.
  • 1.1K
  • 16 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Framework for Training Parkinson Nurses
Delivering healthcare to people living with Parkinson’s disease (PD) may be challenging in face of changing care needs during a PD journey and a growing complexity. In this regard, integrative and personalized care models may foster flexible solutions to patients’ care needs whereas Parkinson Nurses (PN) may be pivotal facilitators. However, existing training frameworks do not include aspects of personalized care for PD although there is a great deal of literature on patient needs and the resulting care requirements. The conceptualization of a need-based training framework may thus be achieved by synthesizing theoretical concepts on care priorities from existing literature. Following, a novel framework for training PN is presented, which is based on a line of reasoning. In this approach, different hypotheses are formulated which then are integrated into a proposed model.
  • 1.1K
  • 07 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Grape Pomace Polyphenols Benefic Actions
Grape pomace polyphenols research studies have grown in the last decades, given their potential benefic effects on promoting human health. Some of their benefic actions are observed in oxidative stress and inflammation aiming at homeostasis restoration. Regarding the antioxidant effect, polyphenols can modulate the endogenous pathway responsible for combating oxidative stress. These effects can be achieved by polyphenols capacity to activate the nuclear factor E2 and to up-regulate superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and heme-oxidase 1 or their capacity to scavenge and chelate reactive oxygen species involved in ROS production. In inflammation, polyphenols are reported to inhibit the mitogen-activated kinase pathway, Nf-kB, anddown-regulate cytokines and chemokines. Polyphenols also inhibit cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase, which are involved in the arachidonic acid signaling pathway, being responsible for synthesizing prostaglandin, thromboxane A2, and leukotrienes which further increase inflammatory response.
  • 1.0K
  • 20 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Effects of Sacha Inchi on CVD Risk Factors
Plukenetia volubilis Linneo or Sacha Inchi (SI), a traditional natural remedy indigenous to Peru and Brazil, has garnered global attention due to its exceptional nutritional composition. Its protective effects against various non-communicable diseases, notably cardiovascular disease (CVD), have become a subject of interest in recent research. 
  • 1.0K
  • 16 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Medicinal and Aromatic Plants against Obesity and Arthritis
Obesity is a significant health concern, as it causes a massive cascade of chronic inflammations and multiple morbidities. Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis are chronic inflammatory conditions and often manifest as comorbidities of obesity. Adipose tissues serve as a reservoir of energy as well as releasing several inflammatory cytokines (including IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) that stimulate low-grade chronic inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disorders, fatty liver disease, oxidative stress, and chronic kidney diseases. Dietary intake, low physical activity, unhealthy lifestyle, smoking, alcohol consumption, and genetic and environmental factors can influence obesity and arthritis. Current arthritis management using modern medicines produces various adverse reactions. Medicinal plants have been a significant part of traditional medicine, and various plants and phytochemicals have shown effectiveness against arthritis and obesity; however, scientifically, this traditional plant-based treatment option needs validation through proper clinical trials and toxicity tests. In addition, essential oils obtained from aromatic plants are being widely used for complementary therapy (e.g., aromatherapy, smelling, spicing, and consumption with food) against arthritis and obesity; scientific evidence is necessary to support their effectiveness.
  • 1.0K
  • 08 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Orthosiphon stamineus Benth.
Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. is a traditional medicine used in the treatment of diabetes and chronic renal failure in southern China, Malaysia, and Thailand. 
  • 997
  • 29 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Biomedical Effects of Turmeric
Turmeric, also known as Curcuma longa, is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant that belongs to the Zingiberaceae family (ginger family). This plant is highly branched with long aromatic leaves arranged in two rows and with flowers from white, green, yellowish, and purple-red colors.
  • 993
  • 27 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Curcumin-Based Nanomedicines and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Curcumin (CUR) is a polyphenol extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa that possesses potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential. Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) are brain disorders characterized mainly by progressive loss of selectivity in vulnerable populations of neurons, which contrasts with metabolic or toxic brain disorders due to the select static neuronal loss that occurs in these. Theoretically, ND can be classified according to primary clinical signals such as dementia, motor neuron disease or parkinsonism, anatomic distribution of neurodegeneration such as frontotemporal degenerations, extrapyramidal disorders or spinocerebellar degenerations or, principally, ND can be classified as their molecular abnormality.
  • 981
  • 18 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Herbal Plants for Epidemics and Pandemics
With over 6 million coronavirus pandemic deaths, the African continent reported the lowest death rate despite having a high disease burden. The African community’s resilience to the pandemic has been attributed to climate and weather conditions, herd immunity, repeated exposure to infectious organisms that help stimulate the immune system, and a disproportionately large youth population. In addition, functional foods, herbal remedies, and dietary supplements contain micronutrients and bioactive compounds that can help boost the immune system. 
  • 977
  • 16 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Quantum Theory and the Mind
Quantum theory, which is focused on the physical laws that govern structures such as the nucleus of an atom or even the subatomic particles within an atomic nucleus, has properties that make it unique to most other areas of physics. Quantum theory tends to give unique, discrete energy states by defining a wave function with given boundary conditions using Erwin Schrödinger’s wave equation, helping calculate and determine the specific energy states, amongst other specific quantities this wave function would be likely to have. Quantum theory disconnects itself from the normal classical theories of physics in that it does not treat variables along a continuous spectrum, but rather finds discrete states which these variables can be expected to have.
  • 958
  • 20 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Anticancer Activity of Bee Venom Components against BC
While the survival rate has increased due to treatments for breast cancer, the quality of life has decreased because of the side effects of chemotherapy. Various toxins are being developed as alternative breast cancer treatments, and bee venom is drawing attention as one of them.
  • 944
  • 28 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice)-Containing Herbs in Cancer Treatment
Cancer is one of the leading causes of premature death and a significant barrier to increasing life expectancy in almost every country in the world. Licorice belongs to the genus Glycyrrhiza, and radix glycyrrhizae (RG) is the dried roots and rhizomes of licorice. Licorice, as well as licorice-purified compounds, has the potential to abrogate the onset and progression of different malignancy cancers, both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, previous studies also suggest that licorice is a beneficial medicine plant used as a cure for nausea and vomiting.
  • 931
  • 14 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Vitamin D and Cancer
There is strong evidence from geographical ecological and observational studies that solar UVB exposure and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration are inversely correlated with risk of incidence and death from many types of cancer. Clinical trials have provided limited support for the UVB-vitamin D-cancer hypothesis due to poor design and execution. Many experimental studies in cultured cells and animal models have described a wide range of anticancer effects of vitamin D compounds.
  • 930
  • 27 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Anticancer Activity of Trichostatin A
Trichostatin A (TSA), a natural derivative of dienohydroxamic acid derived from a fungal metabolite, exhibits various biological activities. It exerts antidiabetic activity and reverses high glucose levels caused by the downregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in Schwann cells, anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing the expression of various cytokines, and significant antioxidant activity by suppressing oxidative stress through multiple mechanisms. Most importantly, TSA exhibits potent inhibitory activity against different types of cancer through different pathways. The anticancer activity of TSA appeared in many in vitro and in vivo investigations that involved various cell lines and animal models.
  • 923
  • 31 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Therapy
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and associated conditions are an important problem in modern medicine. The onset of IDD may be in childhood and adolescence in patients with a genetic predisposition. With age, IDD progresses, leading to spondylosis, spondylarthrosis, herniated disc, spinal canal stenosis. One of the leading mechanisms in the development of IDD and chronic back pain is an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. 
  • 899
  • 04 May 2023
Topic Review
Anticancer Activity of Pentagalloyl Glucose
Pentagalloyl glucose (PGG) is a natural hydrolyzable gallotannin abundant in various plants and herbs. It has a broad range of biological activities, specifically anticancer activities, and numerous molecular targets. PGG has a cytotoxic effect on many cancers, including prostate, breast, lung, head and neck, liver, leukemia, cervical, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers. PGG can affect different cancer stages and inhibit tumor growth through multiple mechanisms depending on cell origin, with minimal toxicity against normal cells. PGG targets several aberrant signal-transduction pathways that control cell growth and division, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis.
  • 893
  • 07 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Breast Cancer Cryoablation in the Multidisciplinary Setting
Breast cancer cryoablation has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative to lumpectomy for treating early-stage breast cancer. 
  • 887
  • 23 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Glutathione and Its Precursors in Type 2 Diabetes
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major worldwide health crisis affecting about 6.2% of the world’s population. Alarmingly, about one in five children in the USA have prediabetes. Glutathione (GSH) and its precursors play a promising role in the prevention and management of type T2D. Oxidative stress (OxS) is a probable factor in both T2D initiation and progression. GSH is the major cytosolic water-soluble chemical antioxidant and emerging evidence supports its role in improving T2D outcomes. Dietary supplementation with N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) and/or glycine (GLY), which are GSH precursors, has also been studied for possible beneficial effects on T2D. 
  • 867
  • 07 Feb 2024
Topic Review
RYR on LDL-C Plasma Level and  ASCVD's Risk
Reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels is a key target for lowering cardiovascular risk and preventing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Red yeast rice (RYR) is a nutraceutical widely used as a lipid-lowering dietary supplement. The main cholesterol-lowering components of RYR are monacolins, particularly monacolin K, which is structurally identical to lovastatin and targets the same key enzyme of cholesterol biosynthesis. RYR supplementation reduces LDL-C levels by approximately 15–34% versus placebo, with a similar effect to low-dose, first-generation statins in subjects with mild-to-moderate dyslipidemia.
  • 857
  • 19 Jun 2023
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