Your browser does not fully support modern features. Please upgrade for a smoother experience.
Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort by:
Most Viewed Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Filter:
All Topic Review Biography Peer Reviewed Entry Video Entry
Biography
Udhayakumar Kaithamalai
Dr. Udhayakumar Kaithamalai is working as professor in the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, College of Engineering Guindy, Anna University, Chennai, India. Beginning in August 2001, he has held positions at this University in a variety of capacities including Teaching & Research Associate, Lecturer, Senior Lecturer, Assistant Professor, Associate Professor and Professor (cur
  • 1.2K
  • 21 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Functionalities of Solid State Transformers
The ongoing energy transition has changed the architecture of electricity networks in ways that conventional power transformers are not able to cope with the new required functionalities. The solid state transformer (SST), which comprises state-of-the-art power electronics with galvanic isolation to interconnect two separate alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) power grids, is considered to be the dominant solution. 
  • 1.2K
  • 19 Apr 2023
Topic Review
ML-Based Classification Algorithms for SCIM
In industry, electric motors such as the squirrel cage induction motor (SCIM) generate motive power and are particularly popular due to their low acquisition cost, strength, and robustness. Along with these benefits, they have minimal maintenance costs and can run for extended periods before requiring repair and/or maintenance. Early fault detection in SCIMs, especially at low-load conditions, further helps minimize maintenance costs and mitigate abrupt equipment failure when loading is increased. 
  • 1.2K
  • 28 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Mobile Energy Storage for Enhancing Power Grid Resilience
Natural disasters can lead to large-scale power outages, affecting critical infrastructure and causing social and economic damages. These events are exacerbated by climate change, which increases their frequency and magnitude. Improving power grid resilience can help mitigate the damages caused by these events. Mobile energy storage systems, classified as truck-mounted or towable battery storage systems, have been considered to enhance distribution grid resilience by providing localized support to critical loads during an outage. 
  • 1.2K
  • 02 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Small Bowel Capsule Endoscopy
Small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) is one of the most useful methods for diagnosing small bowel lesions. When a pill-like capsule endoscope is swallowed, the camera of the capsule endoscope captures the small bowel mucosa. Although it is a noninvasive endoscopy, it has the disadvantage of long reading time. To solve this problem, artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for SBCE reading are being actively studied. The main goal is to quickly and accurately detect small bowel lesions using an AI algorithm trained on images of lesions. This content briefly summarizes the use of AI algorithms for SBCE reading.
  • 1.1K
  • 07 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Grid-Connected Solar Photovoltaic Systems
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) is increasing in various sectors of photovoltaic (PV) systems, due to the increasing computational power, tools and data generation. 
  • 1.1K
  • 30 Aug 2022
Topic Review
ITO Electrodes
The very common electrode in the LC cells, i.e., ITO, is well known for its refractive index modulation property. In the regimes of low addressed electrostatic potential and visible optical power, it can act quite semiconducting due to the charge carriers’ redistributions with a low density in the laser beam spot. A challenge was the understanding of the sources of the SPR effect in the NLC cells; it was found that the electron-hole-pair production and subsequent transport can happen in the ITO thin layer in addition to the orientant, where the residing charge carriers in the beam spot can be effectively neutralized due to the photo-induced low conductivity. In the semiconducting operating mode of the ITO layer, a fringe electric field with its tangent element to the LC confining surfaces (equipped with ITO) was induced which results in the LC director field realignment parallel to the cell surfaces (irrespective of the sign of the dielectric anisotropy), hence the SPR effect. 
  • 1.1K
  • 12 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Power Line Communication Technology
Power line communication (PLC) is a technology that exploits existing electrical transmission and distribution networks as guiding structures for electromagnetic signal propagation. This facilitates low-rate data transmission for signaling and control operations. As the demand in terms of data rate has greatly increased, the attention paid to broadband PLC (BPLC) has also greatly increased. This concept also extended to railways as broadband traction power line communication (BTPLC), aiming to offer railway operators an alternative data network in areas where other technologies are lacking.
  • 1.1K
  • 12 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Network Slicing in 5G
As the idea of a new wireless communication standard (5G) started to circulate around the world, there was much speculation regarding its performance, making it necessary to carry out further research by keeping in view the challenges presented by it. 5G is considered a multi-system support network due to its ability to provide benefits to vertical industries.Due to the wide range of devices and applications, it is essential to provide support for massively interconnected devices. Network slicing has emerged as the key technology to meet the requirements of the communications network. In this paper, we present a review of the latest achievements of 5G network slicing by comparing the architecture of The Next Generation Mobile Network Alliance’s (NGMN’s) and 5G-PPP, using the enabling technologies software-defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV). We then review and discuss machine learning (ML) techniques and their integration with network slicing for beyond 5G networks and elaborate on how ML techniques can be useful for mobility prediction and resource management. Lastly, we propose the use case of network slicing based on ML techniques in a smart seaport environment, which will help to manage the resources more efficiently.
  • 1.1K
  • 18 May 2021
Topic Review
Distribution Network Planning with DPG and ESS
Distributed Power Generation and Energy Storage Systems (DPG-ESSs) are crucial to securing a local energy source. Both entities could enhance the operation of Smart Grids (SGs) by reducing Power Loss (PL), maintaining the voltage profile, and increasing Renewable Energy (RE) as a clean alternative to fossil fuel. However, determining the optimum size and location of different methodologies of DPG-ESS in the SG is essential to obtaining the most benefits and avoiding any negative impacts such as Quality of Power (QoP) and voltage fluctuation issues.
  • 1.1K
  • 11 May 2023
Topic Review
Framework of Efficient Energy Management System
The traditional power system is inefficient because it entirely depends on fossil fuels, and having centralized generation that is far away from consumers. In these circumstances, the generated electricity needs to be transmitted and distributed to consumers via transmission and distribution lines over long distances, spending many resources on construction, maintenance of all systems involved and high levels of technical losses. In smart grid, energy management is an indispensable for reducing energy cost of consumers while maximizing user comfort and alleviating the peak to average ratio and carbon emission under real time pricing approach.
  • 1.1K
  • 19 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Energy Access Solutions for Rural Healthcare Facilities
Hybrid Renewable Energy Sources (HRES) microsystems, like microgrids incorporated with solar panels and battery, is identified to ensure higher and more reliable energy access in rural healthcare centres. At the same time, the adoption of Demand Side Management (DSM) in the HRES deployment in countryside healthcare facilities is reported to decrease the initial cost of installation and improve efficiency.
  • 1.1K
  • 22 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Charging Infrastructure for Electric Vehicles
Concern about environmental problems, including the greenhouse effect, directly related to the gases produced by vehicles, has led governments and various organizations to promote standards on fuel use and gas emissions.
  • 1.1K
  • 31 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Noise in Electric Motors
Electric machines are important devices that convert electrical energy into mechanical energy and are extensively used in a wide range of applications.
  • 1.1K
  • 26 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Energy Efficiency of Induction Motor Drives
Despite activities to introduce low-carbon energy sources worldwide, the share of conventional facilities burning organic fuels remains high. One approach to address this problem is to look for solutions to reduce energy consumption. There are various research projects in the area of energy efficiency that lead to diverse results—such as models, methodologies, new data and theories. On the other hand, induction motor drives are becoming a major consumer of electric power because of their wide range of applications. 
  • 1.1K
  • 26 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Plug-in Electric Vehicles Review
Plug-in electric vehicles refer to vehicles that are powered by electricity from off-vehicle sources or can be self-contained with a battery, solar panels, fuel cells, or an electric generator to convert fuel to electricity. EVs include, but are not limited to, road and rail vehicles, surface and underwater vessels, electric aircraft, and electric spacecraft. The literature covering Plug-in Electric Vehicles (EVs) contains many charging/discharging strategies. However, none of the review papers covers such strategies in a complete fashion where all patterns of EVs charging/discharging are identified.
  • 1.1K
  • 01 Feb 2021
Topic Review
High Temperature Superconducting Flux Pumps for Contactless Energization
The development of superconducting technology has seen continuously increasing interest, especially in the area of clean power systems and electrification of transport with low CO2 emission. Electric machines, as the major producer and consumer of the global electrical energy, have played a critical role in achieving zero carbon emission. The superior current carrying capacity of superconductors with zero DC loss opens the way to the next-generation electric machines characterized by much higher efficiency and power density compared to conventional machines. The persistent current mode is the optimal working condition for a superconducting magnet, and thus the energization of superconducting field windings has become a crucial challenge to be tackled, to which high temperature superconducting (HTS) flux pumps have been proposed as a promising solution. An HTS flux pump enables current injection into a closed superconducting coil wirelessly and provides continuous compensation to offset current decay, avoiding excessive cryogenic losses and sophisticated power electronics facilities.
  • 1.1K
  • 01 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Short-Term Load Forecasting Method
Electricity consumption varies in short-, medium-, and long-term periods, which cover three forecast time horizons. They range, respectively, from one hour to a week, one week to a year, and more than a year. They are based on several factors, such as climate, region, and sector (residential, industrial, commercial). Residential loads consume most of the electricity generated. Short-Term Load Forecasting (STLF) is important for cost reduction, energy savings, fine scheduling, and safety assurance.
  • 1.1K
  • 26 May 2023
Topic Review
Silicon Radiation Detectors: Basic Principles and Requirements
Silicon radiation detectors are a special type of microelectronic sensor which plays a crucial role in many applications, from industry to medicine, from cultural heritage to environmental monitoring, homeland security and safety (e.g., in nuclear power plants), to cite but a few, as well as in many fields of fundamental and applied research, including high energy physics (HEP), photon science and astronomy. In this entry, the basic principles and requirements are described, with emphasis on technological aspects. 
  • 1.1K
  • 24 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Ka-Band Power Amplifier
With the increase in the demand for high-speed transmission communication, satellite communication is developing rapidly. Because of the bandwidth capacity, the K/Ka band is considered the mainstream frequency band of satellite communication. The performance of a power amplifier (PA) directly affects the power of the transmitter, so the application of a power amplifier in Ka-band satellite communication is very important.
  • 1.1K
  • 06 Apr 2022
  • Page
  • of
  • 50
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Reprints

>>
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
Encyclopedia of Engineering
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of Medieval Royal Iconography
Academic Video Service
Feedback