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Topic Review
Photovoltaic Panels
In the realm of solar power generation, photovoltaic (PV) panels are used to convert solar radiation into energy. They are subjected to the constantly changing state of the environment, resulting in a wide range of defects.
  • 1.1K
  • 23 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Refrigerated Transport
The cold chain is responsible for perishable products preservation and transportation, maintaining a proper temperature to slow biological decay processes. Often the efficiency of the cold chain is less than ideal, significantly increasing food waste and energy consumption. Refrigerated transport is a critical phase of the cold chain because of its negative impact on energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.
  • 1.1K
  • 15 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Machine Learning Technologies for a Solar Plant’s System
A solar plant system has complex nonlinear dynamics with uncertainties due to variation of the system parameters and insolation. Thereby, it is sophisticated to approximate these complex dynamics by conventional algorithms whereas Machine Learning (ML) methods yield the essential performance. ML models are key units in recent sensor systems for the solar plant’s design, forecasting, maintenance, and control to provide best safety, reliability, robustness and performance, as compared to classical methods which are usually employed in hardware and software of the solar plants. 
  • 1.1K
  • 08 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Solar Thermal Systems Exergy Analysis
The application of thermal storage materials in solar systems involves materials that utilize sensible heat energy, thermochemical reactions, or phase change materials, such as hydrated salts, fat-ty acids paraffin, and non-paraffin like glycerol.
  • 1.1K
  • 09 Feb 2021
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage
Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) where an electrochemical reaction at a microelectrode is used to generate information about an electrochemically (in)active surface in its immediate vicinity. Careful preparation and knowledge of the microelectrode response as well as the application of a suitable method enable the study of spatially resolved electrochemical kinetics or the electrocatalytic activity of any structure or material. In addition to a wide range of other applications, the method has become particularly well established in the research field of electrochemical energy storage and conversion.
  • 1.1K
  • 13 May 2025
Topic Review
Green Energy Innovation
energy research and development in expanding green energy innovations while reducing long-term emissions is significant. Continual dependence on obsolete energy research and development may worsen environmental sustainability. However, the inclusion of green energy technologies offset environmental pollution without compromising economic productivity. Besides, the mitigation effect of energy research and development is channeled through a decline in energy intensity and technological advancement. Green energy-based innovations and energy research and development play a critical role in achieving environmental sustainability in OECD countries.
  • 1.1K
  • 25 May 2021
Topic Review
Bioenergy Production from Microbial Fuel Cells
The over-exploitation of fossil fuels and their negative environmental impacts have attracted the attention of researchers worldwide, and efforts have been made to propose alternatives for the production of sustainable and clean energy. One proposed alternative is the implementation of bioelectrochemical systems (BESs), such as microbial fuel cells (MFCs), which are sustainable and environmentally friendly. MFCs are devices that use bacterial activity to break down organic matter while generating sustainable electricity.
  • 1.1K
  • 29 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Energy—Water Nexus
The relationship between water and energy is a strong one characterized as having integration and coupling as two important features. While energy is responsible for delivering water to the end-users, it needs energy in order to be generated, and water. In this paper, a thorough review is presented regarding the different relationships between water and energy in terms of (i) the significance of the close relationship between water and energy by means of water/energy generation and consumption. Water consumption, water cooling and heating must be taken into account in order to avoid the obstacles related to future use of water for energy generation; (ii) the measuring and monitoring technologies for the energy-water nexus, focusing attention on the variables that are interrelated in the water and energy sectors. In addition, the consequences of finding several parameters, unknown variables and unclear dependencies in measuring of energy usage in the applications of water usage should also be taken into account. Innovative developments including nanotechnology, biotechnology, and wireless networks, as sensor technologies, may resolve the challenges of sensing; (iii) the different key performance indication tools for assessing and quantifying this nexus by analyzing and categorizing recent case studies of the water energy nexus and applicable evaluation methods; and (iv) the different research dimensions conducted on this nexus.
  • 1.1K
  • 12 Apr 2021
Topic Review
R&D Activities on Gas Turbine System
Carbon-free ammonia combustion technology
  • 1.1K
  • 30 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Multiple Fuel Injection Strategies for Compression Ignition Engines
A significant volume of work is devoted to testing diesel fuel under a multiple fuel injection scenario whereas comparatively less is seen about neat biodiesel and biodiesel blends with diesel. Many mechanisms have been proposed to explain the reduction of exhaust emissions, combustion noise, and fuel consumption possible with multiple fuel injection events.
  • 1.1K
  • 27 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Features of Solar Photovoltaic Modules and Systems
Solar systems are designed to maximize energy generation with abundantly available solar energy. As a result, the properties of photovoltaic (PV) systems are permanent, and some of these qualities may lead to soiling loss, especially if regular cleaning regimes are not meticulously followed.
  • 1.1K
  • 03 Jan 2023
Topic Review
The Sustainability Concept Focusing on Energy
The concept of sustainability, with a focus on energy, has emerged as a central tenet in addressing the mounting global challenges of environmental degradation and resource depletion. Indicators of sustainability focusing on energy are crucial tools used to assess and monitor progress toward achieving a more sustainable energy system. These indicators provide valuable insights into the environmental, social, and economic dimensions of energy practices and their long-term impacts. By analyzing and understanding these indicators, policymakers, businesses, and communities can make informed decisions, formulate effective policies, and steer their efforts toward a more sustainable energy future. These indicators serve as navigational guides, steering the world toward energy practices that support both present needs and the well-being of future generations. 
  • 1.1K
  • 06 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Anomaly Electricity Usage Behavior
Due to the climate crisis, energy-saving issues and carbon reduction have become the top priority for all countries. Owing to the increasing popularity of advanced metering infrastructure and smart meters, the cost of acquiring data on residential electricity consumption has substantially dropped. This change promotes the analysis of residential electricity consumption, which features both small and complicated consumption behaviors, using machine learning to become an important research topic among various energy saving and carbon reduction measures.
  • 1.0K
  • 23 May 2022
Topic Review
Energy Storage Systems for Automotive Applications
In the automotive industry, many devices are used to store energy in different forms. The most commonly used ones are batteries and supercapacitors, which store energy in electrical form, as well as flywheels, which store energy in mechanical form. Other less commonly used storage devices include fuel cell hydrogen tanks and compressed-air systems, which store energy in chemical and mechanical forms, respectively.
  • 1.0K
  • 11 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Fish Industry Waste and Electrochemical Energy Systems
Fish industry waste is attracting growing interest for the production of environmentally friendly materials for several different applications, due to the potential for reduced environmental impact and increased socioeconomic benefits. Recently, the application of fish industry waste for the synthesis of value-added materials and energy storage systems represents a feasible route to strengthen the overall sustainability of energy storage product lines. 
  • 1.0K
  • 06 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Electrolyte Additives in Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries
Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) are promising candidates for large-scale energy storage, and the electrolyte plays a critical role in chemical–electrical energy conversion. However, the operating temperature of VRFBs is limited to 10–40 °C because of the stability of the electrolyte. To overcome this, various chemical species are added, but the progress and mechanism have not been summarized and discussed yet. 
  • 1.0K
  • 10 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Artificial Intelligence Applied to Variable Renewable Energy Systems
The development directions of artificial intelligence (AI) for variable renewable energy (VRE) are of paramount importance in navigating the challenges and optimizing the utilization of renewable energy sources. As the global energy landscape undergoes a transformative shift towards increased reliance on VRE, AI offers strategic avenues to enhance the efficiency, dependability, and eco-sustainability of these systems. The integration of AI methodologies in VRE management addresses complexities related to data quality, model transparency, and system optimization. The burgeoning digitalization of energy supplies, coupled with the dynamic nature of VRE, necessitates innovative solutions to harness the full potential of renewable sources. AI has the potential to contribute significantly to overcoming inherent challenges, not only paving the way for improved energy forecasting, distribution, and system control but also through fostering a more sustainable and resilient energy paradigm in line with the demands of a rapidly evolving global climate and energy landscape.
  • 1.0K
  • 18 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Direct Borohydride–Hydrogen Peroxide Fuel Cell
Direct liquid fuel cells (DLFCs) operate directly on liquid fuel instead of hydrogen, as in typical proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). DLFCs have the advantages of higher energy densities and fewer issues with the transportation and storage of their fuels compared with compressed hydrogen and are adapted to mobile applications. Among DLFCs, the direct borohydride–hydrogen peroxide fuel cell (DBPFC) is one of the most promising DLFC technologies. DBPFCs are fed sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as the fuel and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as the oxidant. 
  • 1.0K
  • 08 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Waste Gasification Technologies
The commercially available gasification technologies are classified according to various parameters, including the heat supply method, the gasifying agent used, and the reactor type. As for the design of the gasifier, they typically fall into three main categories, the fixed-bed (co-current, countercurrent, and cross current), fluidized bed (bubbling and circulating), and entrained fluidized bed, and, in addition to these, there are rotary kiln and plasma reactors. All these reactors have advantages and disadvantages, and the selection depends on the scale of operation, the characteristics of the feedstock, and the desired application of the produced gas.
  • 1.0K
  • 04 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Recent Combustion Strategies in Propulsion and Power Generation
The effects of climate change and global warming are arising a new awareness on the impact of our daily life. Power generation for transportation and mobility as well as in industry is the main responsible for the greenhouse gas emissions. Indeed, currently, 80% of the energy is still produced by combustion of fossil fuels; thus, great efforts need to be spent to make combustion greener and safer than in the past. For this reason, a review of the most recent gas turbines combustion strategy with a focus on fuels, combustion techniques, and burners is presented here. A new generation of fuels for gas turbines are currently under investigation by the academic community, with a specific concern about production and storage. Among them, biofuels represent a trustworthy and valuable solution in the next decades during the transition to zero carbon fuels (e.g., hydrogen and ammonia). Promising combustion techniques explored in the past, and then abandoned due to their technological complexity, are now receiving renewed attention (e.g., MILD, PVC), thanks to their effectiveness in improving the efficiency and reducing emissions of standard gas turbine cycles. Finally, many advances are illustrated in terms of new burners, developed for both aviation and power generation. This overview points out promising solutions for the next generation combustion and opens the way to a fast transition toward zero emissions power generation.
  • 1.0K
  • 04 Nov 2021
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