Your browser does not fully support modern features. Please upgrade for a smoother experience.
Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort by:
Most Viewed Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Filter:
All Topic Review Biography Peer Reviewed Entry Video Entry
Topic Review
Impact of Nanoparticles on Plants under Drought Stress
Drought is a chronic abiotic stress affecting crop growth and development, accounting for approximately 70% of the potential loss of global crop yield and productivity. Drought hinders agriculture and forestry worldwide, due to very little rainfall or significant differences in moisture. The current trends of global warming are causing a major impact on the moisture levels of the soil and the environment, and are increasing the intensity of droughts. Plants are subjected to various stresses during their growth, and the morphology of plants is affected at all stages of development due to drought stress, with productivity losses expected to reach 30% globally by 2025. 
  • 1.7K
  • 22 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Zoos as Conservation Institutions
Zoological institutions, which were once exclusively for entertainment, are now leaders of wildlife conservation. This centuries-long transition was punctuated by key milestones that reformed wild animal exploitation into a mission of protection. Modern zoos perform ex situ activities to preserve natural resources, which are enabled by the housing of wild species. Zoo-managed animals facilitate new scientific knowledge, public education, and strategic breeding to maintain genetic diversity.
  • 1.7K
  • 30 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Pale Fox
The Pale Fox (Vulpes pallida) is a small canid species native to the deserts and semi-arid regions of North Africa. Recognized by its distinctive pale fur and large ears, the Pale Fox is adapted to the harsh conditions of its arid habitat, where it plays a crucial role as a predator and scavenger. Despite its elusive nature, the Pale Fox serves as an important indicator of ecosystem health in its arid environment and is a subject of interest for conservation efforts aimed at protecting desert biodiversity.
  • 1.7K
  • 08 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Cow Milk as Material for Processing
Milk, alongside meat, is one of the basic animal materials of importance in food processing. Most of the world’s milk production is carried out in an intensive system focused on high productivity at the expense of quality. This system is dominant in highly developed countries, while milk production in developing and poorer countries is still carried out in a traditional manner, using silage. 
  • 1.7K
  • 22 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Culpeo
The Culpeo, scientifically known as Lycalopex culpaeus, is a species of canid native to South America. With its distinctive red or gray fur and bushy tail, the Culpeo is the second-largest wild canid on the continent after the maned wolf. Known for its adaptability and wide distribution across various habitats, the Culpeo plays a significant role in South American ecosystems as a predator and scavenger.
  • 1.7K
  • 08 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Auxin Response Factors
Auxin response factors (ARFs) are an important family of transcription factors in the auxin signaling pathway that are involved in the exertion of auxin in plants and play a key role in regulating plant growth and development.
  • 1.7K
  • 15 Feb 2022
Topic Review
South American Gray Fox
The South American Gray Fox, scientifically known as Lycalopex griseus, is a captivating canid species native to South America. Renowned for its sleek gray fur and bushy tail, this fox inhabits a variety of habitats, from grasslands and scrublands to forests and urban areas. As an adaptable omnivore, the South American Gray Fox plays a crucial role in its ecosystem by regulating prey populations and participating in seed dispersal, contributing to the overall balance of its environment.
  • 1.7K
  • 15 Mar 2024
Topic Review
The Invasive Fireweed (Senecio madagascariensis Poir)
Senecio madagascariensis originates from southern Africa but it has been introduced to several other countries including Australia. Climatic suitability suggests that there are large areas around the world suitable for the weed’s growth where it is currently not present. The weed poses a major threat to livestock industries in these countries through its ability to reduce pasture production and poison animals. A range of control techniques has been used to try and manage S. madagascariensis. Besides using traditional approaches, the use of competitive pastures and more tolerant livestock (such as sheep and goats) are some of the other options recommended as part of an integrated approach. 
  • 1.7K
  • 17 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Endophytes and Plant Growth Promotion
Endophyte term literally means 'inside plants'. Endophytes refer to fungal and bacterial communities that inhabit the plant tissues of roots and shoots without showing any apparent symptoms nor harming their hosts.
  • 1.7K
  • 23 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Hormones for Superovulation in Sheep
Superovulation is typically achieved using gonadotropic hormone preparations that promote the development of subordinate follicles in order to ovulate, or through inhibin immunization to eliminate the inhibitory mechanism of the dominant follicle. Various gonadotropic preparations (FSH and eCG) are widely applied to induce superovulation in sheep. Other hormones, such as horse anterior pituitary (HAP) extracts, human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG), gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) have also been applied, although less frequently, during sheep superovulation.
  • 1.7K
  • 21 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Sulfur in Seeds
Sulfur is a growth-limiting and secondary macronutrient as well as an indispensable component for several cellular components of crop plants. 
  • 1.7K
  • 09 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Crab-eating Raccoon
The Crab-eating Raccoon (Procyon cancrivorus) is a fascinating mammal species native to Central and South America. Renowned for its adaptable nature and varied diet, this raccoon species is often found in a range of habitats, including mangrove forests, wetlands, and coastal areas. Its distinctive name reflects its unique dietary preference for crustaceans, particularly crabs, although it also consumes a variety of other foods such as fruit, insects, and small vertebrates.
  • 1.7K
  • 28 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Ring-tailed Mongoose
The Ring-tailed Mongoose (Galidia elegans) is a small carnivorous mammal native to Madagascar, recognized for its distinctive ringed tail and agile arboreal lifestyle. With a slender body and sharp claws, it navigates the dense forests of Madagascar with ease, preying on a variety of small animals including insects, reptiles, and small mammals. Despite its elusive nature, the Ring-tailed Mongoose plays a significant role in the island's ecosystem dynamics, contributing to predator-prey interactions and biodiversity maintenance.
  • 1.7K
  • 15 Mar 2024
Topic Review
‘Chen Xi’ Rose
Flower color is one of the most prominent traits of rose flowers and determines their ornamental value. The ‘Chen Xi’ variety of rose has a very beautiful flower showing color changes during the blooming, which contributes a lot to its ornamental value. 
  • 1.6K
  • 22 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Galapagos Fur Seal
The Galapagos Fur Seal, scientifically known as Arctocephalus galapagoensis, is a marine mammal endemic to the Galapagos Islands. With its dense, dark brown fur and slender physique, this species is well-adapted to its coastal habitat. Despite its name, the Galapagos Fur Seal is not a true seal but rather belongs to the fur seal family, Otariidae, distinguishing it by its ability to rotate its hind flippers forward for efficient movement on land.
  • 1.6K
  • 15 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Biomineralization Forming Process
Biomineralization is a process in which organic matter and inorganic matter combine with each other under the regulation of living organisms. 
  • 1.6K
  • 23 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Prunus Cultivation in Greenhouse
Throughout history, new strategies and technologies have played a key role in promoting the development of agriculture. New strategies have led to substantial improvements in crop productivity and fruit quality. The cultivation of peach and apricot in controlled greenhouse conditions is one such strategy.
  • 1.6K
  • 16 Mar 2021
Topic Review
Global Veganism
Globally, diet patterns are changing due to culture dilution, agricultural trade policies and other variable factors. Amongst these patterns are veganism and vegetarianism which are not the same. Vegans completely avoid all forms of animal flesh and products from them. Vegetarians may consume some products with varying reasons, ranging from ethical and health to religious beliefs.
  • 1.6K
  • 20 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Applications of Biochar
Considerable interest is being shown in using biochar production from waste biomass with a variety of disciplines to address the most pressing environmental challenges. Biochar produced by the thermal decomposition of biomass under oxygen-limited conditions is gaining popularity as a low-cost amendment for agro-ecosystems. The efficiency of biochar formation is affected by temperature, heating rate, feedstock type, particle size and reactor conditions. Properties such as pH, surface area and ash content of produced biochar increases with increasing temperatures. Biochar produced at lower heating rates may have high porosity and be beneficial for morphological changes in the soil. Biochar can help to enhance soil health and fertility as well as improve agricultural yield. As a result, biochar can assist in increasing food security by promoting sustainable agricultural systems and preserving an eco-friendly environment. Biochar is also widely being used as a sorbent for organic and inorganic pollutants, owing to its large surface area, allowing it to be immobilized from soil with ease. The functional groups and charges present on the surface of biochar play an important role in pollutants removal.
  • 1.6K
  • 03 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Types of Cultivation in Greenhouses
Greenhouse cultivation includes two types: conventional and hydroponic (cultivation substrate in soil, and cultivation substrate in water-based nutrient solution, respectively). Greenhouse cultivation systems have garnered substantial attention due to their ability to create a controlled environment for crop growth, resulting in higher yields, improved quality, and reduced water usage. 
  • 1.6K
  • 17 Feb 2024
  • Page
  • of
  • 70
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Reprints

>>
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
Encyclopedia of Engineering
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of Medieval Royal Iconography
Academic Video Service
Feedback

Quick Survey

Encyclopedia MDPI is conducting a targeted survey to identify the specific barriers hindering efficient research. We invite you to spend 3 minutes defining the priorities for our next generation of structured knowledge tools.
Take Survey