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Topic Review
Repeated Plant Debris Reutilization as Organic Amendment
Greenhouse agriculture typically generates large amounts of waste with plant residue (agricultural biomass) being the most abundant. This residue is generated on a seasonal basis, which complicates the external management of the material. Recently, the European Union (EU) has been implementing a policy based on sustainability through the circular economy that seeks to minimize waste generation. The effect of reusing 3.5 kg·m-2 tomato plants from the previous season as the only fertilizer versus no fertilization and inorganic fertilization in 215-day tomato cycles after transplanting was studied in this trial. The study was carried out during three seasons in greenhouse agriculture in Almeria (Spain) with the repeated use of the solarization technique. The plant debris had similar production results during two of the three seasons and fruit quality parameters were similar to inorganic fertilization. In addition, some physicochemical variables improved and the biological depressive effect of solarization was mitigated. The results suggest that the reuse of the tomato plant debris as the only fertilizer could be an alternative to conventional fertilization under the conditions tested. 
  • 1.1K
  • 22 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Towards Higher Quality of Recycled Plastics
The increasing consumption of plastics and plastic products results in correspondingly substantial volumes of waste, which poses considerable environmental burdens. With the ongoing environmental actions, the application of circular economy on this waste stream is becoming inevitable. The quality of recycled plastic is generally determined by the homogeneity of the recovered plastic feed. 
  • 1.1K
  • 16 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Removal of Dyestuffs from Effluents onto Biochar
Processing significant amounts of dye effluent discharges into receiving waters can supply major benefits to countries that are affected by the water crisis and anticipated future stress in many areas in the world. When compared to most conventional adsorbents, biochars can provide an economically attractive solution. In comparison to many other textile effluent treatment processes, adsorption technology provides an economical, easily managed, and highly effective treatment option.
  • 1.1K
  • 20 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Non-Thermal Plasma for Microbial Decontamination and Chemical Removal
Plasma is a quasi-neutral system in a gaseous or fluid-like form that can be artificially generated in an electromagnetic field and a flow of neutral gases such as helium, argon, nitrogen, oxygen, or atmospheric air. It contains a mixture of radicals, H2O2, O3, ultraviolet radiation, charged particles, exited metastable atoms, and electric fields. Non-thermal atmospheric plasma has recently attracted great research interest as an alternative for operative solutions to problems related to safety and quality control. It is a powerful tool for the inactivation of different hazardous microorganisms and viruses, and the effective decontamination of surfaces and liquids has been demonstrated. Additionally, the plasma’s active components are strong oxidizers and their synergetic effect can lead to the degradation of toxic chemical compounds such as phenols and azo-dyes. 
  • 1.1K
  • 02 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Twin Transition through Implementation of Industry 4.0 Technologies
Key Enabling Technologies (KET) support the adoption of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) and are also considered the main drivers of the Circular Economy (CE) transition. In this respect, the guidelines and real use cases to inspire enterprises and industry to lead the twin digital and green transition are still poor.
  • 1.1K
  • 14 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Graffiti, Paintings and Other Modifications of Tree Bark
By the word ‘graffiti’ one usually indicates messages, scribbles, patterns, or drawings written, carved, or painted on different types of surfaces including walls, monuments, and tree bark. Consequently, a ‘graffitist’ is a person who creates graffiti. Graffiti has existed as long as human society but has become a public issue in recent decades, being often considered as a recurrent and unacceptable form of vandalism especially when the victims are trees. The entry reports the problem of graffiti on tree barks and reviews some methodologies proposed by urban forestry specialists to remove graffiti and other paintings from the trees without damaging the plant itself.
  • 1.1K
  • 02 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Rainwater Harvesting Systems
Rainwater harvesting (RWH) can be used to mitigate global water crises; however, they have been poorly received by communities because of the unsuitable quality of stored rainwater. Heterotrophic bacteria present in the water can degrade the water’s microbiological quality and create health issues. Moreover, exposure to visible light can affect both suspended and surface-attached heterotrophic bacteria, a phenomenon that is poorly investigated.
  • 1.1K
  • 29 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Reducing Inequalities within and among EU Countries
Reducing inequalities within and among countries is one of the main tenets of the sustainable development paradigm and has become an important pillar at the European Union level. By adopting the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, EU countries have committed themselves to meeting targets against which progress in reducing inequalities can be measured. Through the present research, it can analyze and assess the extent to which EU countries will achieve the specific SDG 10 targets. Based on data published by Eurostat for the period 2010-2020, it can forecast the trends of the indicators until the year 2030, using a model based on AAA (Holt-Winters) version of the exponential smoothing (ETS), to assess the degree to which the assumed targets will be reached. For more detailed information, dynamic indices were used to analyze the dynamics of the progress achieved. The results showed that it is difficult to clearly distinguish one or more countries as part of a group of high or low performers in terms of the efforts made and the effects achieved in reducing inequalities. However, it can be mentioned that Poland as a good and very good performer on most of the indicators analyzed. At the opposite, Bulgaria and Greece, for which more attention and involvement is needed in adopting measures to correct the negative trends forecast.
  • 1.1K
  • 07 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Environmental Taxes
The environmental tax is designed to motivate companies and citizens to seek solutions that limit the negative aspects of running a business. Environmental taxes or ecological taxes are defined in various ways. They can be defined as a non-returnable payment to the state that is levied on the object of taxation. The functions to be fulfilled by the environmental tax can be divided into three categories, i.e., redistributive, incentive, and fiscal. Redistribution consists of the division of the obtained funds and their allocation, for example, to environmental funds. The fiscal function allows the accumulation of funds for the state budget.
  • 1.1K
  • 22 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Carbon Content in Biochar and GHG Emissions
Agricultural soils are a primary source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Biochar is commonly used as a soil amendment to prevent climate change by reducing GHG production, increasing soil carbon storage, improving soil moisture retention, and enhancing crop productivity. However, the effect of biochar’s carbon content under subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) has not been well studied.
  • 1.1K
  • 24 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Efficiency of the Chinese Cement Industry
China’s cement production has been the highest in the world, but the extensive development model, which has been formed for a long time, has brought serious damage to the natural environment. The overall environmental efficiency of China’s cement industry is low, and there is still much room for improvement. Moreover, there are serious imbalances from very low to very high between different regions.
  • 1.1K
  • 31 May 2022
Topic Review
Developing Indoor Temperature Profiles of Albanian Homes
Oversimplifying occupant behaviour using static and standard schedules has been identified as a limitation of building energy simulation tools. Three statistically different profiles were developed for each summer and winter, indicating that homes are used in different ways, as well as revealing possible comfort requirements. A statistically significant association was found between the presence of children and the clusters in winter, suggesting that families with dependents use more energy. Building-related factors including building type, building age, and wall insulation were found to be statistically significantly associated with clusters in summer. 
  • 1.1K
  • 08 Jun 2022
Topic Review
HEIs, Latin America Circular Economy
HEIs (Higher Education Institutions ) are main actors in the economic development and innovative potential of regions, but now and an increasing number of additional roles are expected. HEIs, as institutional actors, are enablers of social, economic, and cultural development, and sustainability. HEIs can foster collaboration between actors and catalyze public awareness and engagement in CE practices.
  • 1.1K
  • 13 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Evolution of ENCFC in China
Since the implementation of Ecological Noncommercial Forest Certification (ENCFC) in China, it has achieved certain ecological, social and economic results. The domestic and foreign literature to study the development of ENCFC in China was reviewed here, which is led and implemented by the Chinese government.
  • 1.1K
  • 01 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Biosurfactants as Multifunctional Remediation Agents of Environmental Pollutants
Fuel and oil spills during the exploration, refining, and distribution of oil and petrochemicals are primarily responsible for the accumulation of organic pollutants in the environment. The reduction in contamination caused by hydrocarbons, heavy metals, oily effluents, and particulate matter generated by industrial activities and the efficient recovery of oil at great depths in an environmentally friendly way pose a challenge, as recovery and cleaning processes require the direct application of surface-active agents, detergents, degreasers, or solvents, often generating other environmental problems due to the toxicity and accumulation of these substances. Thus, the application of natural surface-active agents is an attractive solution. Due to their amphipathic structures, microbial surfactants solubilize oil through the formation of small aggregates (micelles) that disperse in water, with numerous applications in the petroleum industry. Biosurfactants have proven their usefulness in solubilizing oil trapped in rock, which is a prerequisite for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). Biosurfactants are also important biotechnological agents in anti-corrosion processes, preventing incrustations and the formation of biofilms on metallic surfaces, and are used in formulations of emulsifiers/demulsifiers, facilitate the transport of heavy oil through pipelines, and have other innovative applications in the oil industry. The use of natural surfactants can reduce the generation of pollutants from the use of synthetic detergents or chemical solvents without sacrificing economic gains for the oil industry.
  • 1.1K
  • 15 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Crystalline Silicon Solar Panel Recycling
The global surge in solar energy adoption is a response to the imperatives of sustainability and the urgent need to combat climate change. Solar photovoltaic (PV) energy, harnessing solar radiation to produce electricity, has become a prevalent method for terrestrial power generation. At the forefront of this shift are crystalline silicon photovoltaics modules (PVMs), the primary tools in PV systems for solar energy capture. This growth is evidenced by a significant increase in installations, with an over 90% surge in the past decade, from 104 to 1053 gigawatts (GWs). These PVMs, predominantly silicon-based and representing 95% of global PV production in 2020, have a lifespan of 20–30 years. Projections indicate that by 2030, worldwide solar capacity might approach 2840 GW, and by 2050, it could climb to 8500 GW.
  • 1.1K
  • 27 Dec 2023
Topic Review
“Dual Carbon” Target of Energy Structure Optimization
Exploring the path of energy structure optimization to reduce carbon emissions and achieve a carbon peak has important policy implications for achieving the “Dual Carbon” target.
  • 1.1K
  • 20 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Green Competitiveness of Enterprises
The omnichannel approach to forming marketing strategies for the development of the green competitiveness of enterprises is seen as a process for the inseparable interaction of marketing-mix elements that are aimed at promoting green competitiveness. This approach integrates traditional and digital marketing communication channels and provides consideration for stakeholder interests. The effectiveness of applying the omnichannel approach to the formation of marketing strategies to develop the green competitiveness of enterprises depends on a set of marketing communication channels, which, in various combinations, can increase or decrease the level of companies’ green competitiveness.
  • 1.1K
  • 05 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Applications of Electromicrobiology
Electromicrobiology is concerned with the interplay of microbes with electronic equipment and the electrical characteristics of microorganisms. Bioelectrochemical systems are those in which an organism provides electrons. Bioelectrochemical systems are pretty similar to electrochemical methods in their fundamentals. Electrochemical systems generally use electricity to begin a chemical reaction or create power via a chemical reaction.
  • 1.1K
  • 21 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Antibiotic Synthesis in Flow Mode
Continuous-flow chemistry has become a mainstream process and a notable trend among emerging technologies for drug synthesis. It is routinely used in academic and industrial laboratories to generate a wide variety of molecules and building blocks. The advantages it provides, in terms of safety, speed, cost efficiency and small-equipment footprint compared to analog batch processes, have been known for some time. What has become even more important is its compliance with the quality objectives that are required by drug-development protocols that integrate inline analysis and purification tools. There can be no doubt that worldwide government agencies have strongly encouraged the study and implementation of this innovative, sustainable and environmentally friendly technology.
  • 1.1K
  • 08 Feb 2023
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