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Topic Review
SIBS-Based Biocompatible Nanocomposites
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were incorporated into poly(styrene-block-isobutyleneblock-styrene) (SIBS) to investigate the physical characteristics of the resulting nanocomposite and its cytotoxicity to endothelial cells. CNTs were dispersed in chloroform using sonication following the addition of a SIBS solution at different ratios. We observed an uneven distribution of CNTs in the polymer matrix with sporadic bundles of interwoven nanotubes. Increasing the CNT content from 0 wt% to 8 wt% led to an increase in the tensile strength of SIBS films from 4.69 to 16.48 MPa. The engineering normal strain significantly decreased in 1 wt% SIBS–CNT films in comparison with the unmodified samples, whereas a further increase in the CNT content did not significantly affect this parameter. The incorporation of CNT into the SIBS matrix resulted in increased hydrophilicity, whereas no cytotoxicity towards endothelial cells was noted. 
  • 1.1K
  • 21 Oct 2020
Topic Review
HBA1 Gene
Hemoglobin subunit alpha 1
  • 1.1K
  • 22 Dec 2020
Topic Review
X-linked Intellectual Disability, Siderius Type
X-linked intellectual disability, Siderius type is a condition characterized by mild to moderate intellectual disability that affects only males. Affected boys often have delayed development of motor skills such as walking, and their speech may be delayed.  
  • 1.1K
  • 24 Dec 2020
Topic Review
TMEM127 Gene
Transmembrane protein 127 (TMEM 127): Mutations in the TMEM127 gene increase the risk of developing a noncancerous tumor associated with the nervous system called paraganglioma or pheochromocytoma (a type of paraganglioma).
  • 1.1K
  • 25 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Shoppers Investigated by FTIR Spectroscopy
In the recent years, plastic-based shopping bags have become irregular and progressively replaced by compostable ones. To be marketed, these “new plastics” must possess suitable requirements verified by specific bodies, which grant the conformity mark, and the approved physicochemical properties are periodically verified. The fast, inexpensive, non-destructive, easy to use, and reproducible Fourier-Transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is a technique routinely applied to perform analysis in various industrial sectors. To get reliable information from spectral data, chemometric methods, such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA), are commonly suggested. In this context, PCA was herein performed on 4, 5, and 21 × 3251 matrices, collecting the FTIR data from regular and irregular shopping bags, including three freshly extruded films from the Italian industry MecPlast, to predict their compliance with legislation. The results allowed us to unequivocally achieve such information and to classify the bags as suitable for containing fresh food in bulk or only for transport. A self-validated linear model was developed capable to estimate, by acquiring a single FTIR spectrum if, after the productive process, the content of renewable poly-lactic-acid (PLA) in a new produced film respect the expectations. Surprisingly, our findings established that among the grocery bags available on the market, irregular plastic-based shopping bags continue to survive.
  • 1.1K
  • 12 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Genetic of Intracranial Haemorrhage
Fetal Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) can be accurately identified in utero and categorized by antenatal sonography and/or MRI. Infectious disease, maternal drug exposure, alloimmune thrombocytopenia, maternal trauma, coagulation disorders and twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome can cause fetal ICH.
  • 1.1K
  • 25 May 2021
Topic Review
Transportin-SR2 in HIV nuclear import
Transportin-SR2 (TRN-SR2), also known as transportin-3 or TNPO3, is a karyopherin involved in the nuclear import of specific cargoes, such as serine/arginine-rich molecules. This molecule has been implicated in human diseases such as primary biliary cirrhosis and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. TRN-SR2 is also known to play a role in HIV-1 nuclear import.
  • 1.1K
  • 31 May 2021
Topic Review
CAR-T Therapy
Chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) therapy targeting CD19 has revolutionised the treatment of advanced acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The success of CAR-T therapy in the first two indications led to the initiation of a large number of studies testing CAR-T therapy in different haematologic tumours such as acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML), Hodgkin’s disease (HD), chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), multiple myeloma (MM), as well as different solid tumours. Notwithstanding, this did not prohibit further development of this new therapy to treat other malignancies.
  • 1.1K
  • 31 May 2021
Topic Review
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthetic Pathways
The MYB transcription factors (TFs) are evolving as critical role in the regulation of the phenylpropanoid and tanshinones biosynthetic pathway. MYB TFs relate to a very important gene family, which are involved in the regulation of primary and secondary metabolisms, terpenoids, bioactive compounds, plant defense against various stresses and cell morphology.
  • 1.1K
  • 17 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Adolescent Endometriosis
Endometriosis is a chronic condition that affects women throughout various stages of their lives by causing pain, infertility, and malignant progression.
  • 1.1K
  • 22 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Time-Series Forecasting Models
The time-series forecasting method is a suitable pricing solution for Digital Signage Advertising (DSA), as it improves the pricing decision by modeling the changes in the environmental factors and audience attention level toward signage for optimal pricing. However, it is difficult to determine an optimal price forecasting model for DSA with the increasing number of available time-series forecasting models in recent years. Based on the 84 research articles reviewed, the data characteristics analysis in terms of linearity, stationarity, volatility, and dataset size is helpful in determining the optimal model for time-series price forecasting.
  • 1.1K
  • 03 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Thermally Modified Wood Exposed to Different Weathering Conditions
Thermally modified wood (TMW) is a material derived from a treatment that combines temperature and moisture, avoiding harmful substances while providing better energy efficiency and drying quality. Such types of processes can considerably improve the performance of timber in several aspects. The treatment is usually achieved at temperatures between 120 °C and 260 °C, depending on the industrial process and desired end-product characteristics.
  • 1.1K
  • 19 Oct 2021
Topic Review
Current Potential Therapeutic Approaches against SARS-CoV-2
The ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is a serious threat to public health worldwide and, to date, no effective treatment is available. Thus, we herein review the pharmaceutical approaches to SARS-CoV-2 infection treatment. Numerous candidate medicines that can prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication have been proposed. These medicines include inhibitors of serine protease TMPRSS2 and angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The S protein of SARS-CoV-2 binds to the receptor in host cells. ACE2 inhibitors block TMPRSS2 and S protein priming, thus preventing SARS-CoV-2 entry to host cells. Moreover, antiviral medicines (including the nucleotide analogue remdesivir, the HIV protease inhibitors lopinavir and ritonavir, and wide-spectrum antiviral antibiotics arbidol and favipiravir) have been shown to reduce the dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 as well as morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19
  • 1.1K
  • 12 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Genome Wide Association Studies
The identification and characterisation of genomic changes (variants) that can lead to human diseases is one of the central aims of biomedical research. In order to take on this challenging task, Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) were proposed as a statistical method that could be used to identify the genomic variants that are associated with complex traits or diseases. GWAS do not require any previous biological knowledge on the analyzed trait, as they allow the simultaneous interrogation of millions of variants genome-wide. As a result, GWAS have been largely used, substantially contributing to the generation of catalogues of genetic variants that have an impact on specific diseases. GWAS results constitute nowadays the basis of Personalised Medicine, where diagnoses and treatment protocols are selected according to each patient’s profile.
  • 1.1K
  • 23 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Metformin : Molecular Mechanisms in Thyroid Cancer
Thyroid cancer (TC) is one of the most frequent endocrine cancers. TC derived from follicular cells includes differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) with papillary (PTC) or follicular (FTC) histology (80% of cases) and undifferentiated (anaplastic-ATC) and poorly differentiated TC (1–2% of cases). Metformin is the most used drug for type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Its antitumor activity has been described by clinical studies showing reduced risk of cancer development in T2DM patients, as well as management of T2DM compared with those receiving other glucose-lowering drugs. Metformin has a plethora of molecular actions in cancer cells.
  • 1.1K
  • 12 May 2022
Topic Review
Plant Central Metabolism to Abiotic Stress
Plants are constantly exposed to a plethora of stresses under natural conditions. Stress in plants can be described as anything that can cause a change from ideal growth and developmental conditions. Stresses can be classified as abiotic or biotic, where abiotic stresses are caused by nonliving factors in the surrounding environment, such as extremes in temperature, drought, flooding, and high salinity. Abiotic stresses are unavoidable to plants due to their inability to move. 
  • 1.1K
  • 17 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Point of Care Ultrasound in Chest Pain
It quickly became obvious that emergency ultrasound, or point of care ultrasound (POCUS), has some very interesting aspects in the context of the emergency room (ER), allowing the physician to immediately obtain images of the patient during the first visit and thus rule out major pathologies immediately. Chest pain often is associated with dyspnea or shortness of breath (SOB), which is in itself one of the most common causes of emergency room access. The origin of these symptoms is often sought in heart and lung diseases.
  • 1.1K
  • 15 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Roles of TM4SF5 in Hepatocyte Metabolism
Transmembrane 4 L six family member 5 (TM4SF5) has been observed to play roles in the regulation of metabolic functions and activities in hepatocytes using in vitro cell and in vivo animal models without or with TM4SF5 expression in addition to clinical liver tissue samples. TM4SF5 is present on the membranes of different organelles or vesicles and cooperates with transporters for fatty acids, amino acids, and monocarbohydrates, thus regulating nutrient uptake into hepatocytes and metabolism and leading to phenotypes of chronic liver diseases.
  • 1.1K
  • 09 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Knowledge Management System in Small and Medium Enterprises
Knowledge is a key competitive advantage for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) as a way of competing with other organisations. There is a need to investigate SME adoption of knowledge management systems (KMSs). Knowledge management systems can only assist in this task if they are sufficiently adopted.
  • 1.1K
  • 22 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Source of Water Pollution
Water pollution is a severe health concern. Several studies have recently demonstrated the efficacy of various approaches for treating wastewater from anthropogenic activities. Wastewater treatment is an artificial procedure that removes contaminants and impurities from wastewater or sewage before discharging the effluent back into the environment. It can also be recycled by being further treated or polished to provide safe quality water for use, such as potable water.
  • 1.1K
  • 08 Oct 2022
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