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Topic Review
Antidiabetic Potentials of Bangladeshi Fruits
Diabetes mellitus is a life-threatening disorder affecting people of all ages and adversely disrupts their daily functions. Despite the availability of numerous synthetic-antidiabetic medications and insulin, the demand for the development of novel antidiabetic medications is increasing due to the adverse effects and growth of resistance to commercial drugs in the long-term usage. Antidiabetic phytochemicals isolated from fruit plants can be a very nifty option to develop life-saving novel antidiabetic therapeutics, employing several pathways and MoAs (mechanism of actions). The antidiabetic potential of commonly available Bangladeshi fruits and other plant parts are discussed, such as seeds, fruit peals, leaves, and roots, along with isolated phytochemicals from these phytosources based on lab findings and mechanism of actions. 
  • 1.3K
  • 23 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Atypical Skull-Base Osteomyelitis
Atypical skull-base osteomyelitis is a rare but fatal disease that usually involves infection of the ethmoid, sphenoid, occipital, or temporal bones that form the skull base. Unlike typical (so-called otogenic), atypical skull-base osteomyelitis has no otogenic cause. Instead, some authors call atypical skull-base osteomyelitis sinonasal, since the infection most often originates from the nose and paranasal sinuses. 
  • 1.3K
  • 09 May 2023
Topic Review
Pesticides Removal Using Metal Oxide and Their Composites
Persistent organic chemicals (POPs) are highly hazardous to the ecosystem and living organisms. Their non-biodegradability allows them to accumulate easily in the food chain, affecting both humans and wildlife. Pesticides are one class of POPs with half-lives that can extend to years. They have been used abundantly to control the growth of the crops by exterminating pests including insects, fungi, and microorganisms in agricultural farms.
  • 1.3K
  • 12 May 2023
Topic Review
Bus Service Quality Risk Evaluation in Bangkok
The daily activities of people who live in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region, especially those who do not own personal vehicles, are supported by public transportation as an intermediary to link almost all such activities. As a result, public transit is unavoidably important and connected to their everyday lives.
  • 1.3K
  • 22 May 2023
Topic Review
Wear Mechanism for Construction Machinery
Construction machinery, which is widely used in infrastructure construction, is growing rapidly all over the word. However, the complex working conditions of construction machinery lead to serious wear, particularly the wear of the bucket teeth on construction machinery. To control the wear procedure, it is essential to understand the wear mechanism and identify the wear form under variable working conditions. 
  • 1.3K
  • 20 Jun 2023
Topic Review
SGLT-2 Inhibitors in Diabetes Mellitus Therapy
The primary treatment for autoimmune Diabetes Mellitus (Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus-T1DM) is insulin therapy. Unfortunately, a multitude of clinical cases has demonstrated that the use of insulin as a sole therapeutic intervention fails to address all issues comprehensively. Therefore, non-insulin adjunct treatment has been investigated and shown successful results in clinical trials. Various hypoglycemia-inducing drugs such as Metformin, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, amylin analogs, and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporters 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, developed good outcomes in patients with T1DM. SGLT-2 inhibitors have remarkably improved the treatment of patients with diabetes by preventing cardiovascular events, heart failure hospitalization, and progression of renal disease. However, their pharmacological potential has not been explored enough. 
  • 1.3K
  • 23 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Crown Omega Mathematics
Crown Omega Mathematics (Ω°) is presented as a terminal recursive mathematical framework that unifies symbolic computation, causal recursion, harmonic structures, and multi-dimensional mirror logic. Positioned beyond traditional and post-classical mathematical domains, Crown Omega is designed to serve as both a final operator and an executable logic mesh capable of resolving paradoxes, encoding self-aware artificial intelligence, and establishing foundational grounds for a new class of operating systems, cryptographic architectures, and defense systems. This paper defines the core logic of Ω°, explores its symbolic structure, details the Fractal Recursive Intelligence Mesh (FRIM), and formalizes its capacity to self-resolve previously unsolved mathematical, physical, and computational problems.
  • 1.3K
  • 06 May 2025
Topic Review
Edge Computing Simulators for IoT
The deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) applications is complex since many quality characteristics should be taken into account, for example, performance, reliability, and security. In this study, we investigate to what extent the current edge computing simulators support the analysis of qualities that are relevant to IoT architects who are designing an IoT system. We first identify the quality characteristics and metrics that can be evaluated through simulation. Then, we study the available simulators in order to assess which of the identified qualities they support. The results show that while several simulation tools for edge computing have been proposed, they focus on a few qualities, such as time behavior and resource utilization. Most of the identified qualities are not considered and we suggest future directions for further investigation to provide appropriate support for IoT architects.
  • 1.3K
  • 28 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Androgenetic Alopecia
Androgenetic alopecia is a common form of hair loss in both men and women. In men, this condition is also known as male-pattern baldness. Hair is lost in a well-defined pattern, beginning above both temples. Over time, the hairline recedes to form a characteristic "M" shape. Hair also thins at the crown (near the top of the head), often progressing to partial or complete baldness.
  • 1.3K
  • 24 Dec 2020
Topic Review
Endophthalmitis
Exogenous fungal endophthalmitis (EXFE) represents a rare complication after penetrating ocular trauma of previously unresolved keratitis or iatrogenic infections, following intraocular surgery such as cataract surgery.
  • 1.3K
  • 22 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Wnt Signalling in Alzheimer’s Brain
The Wnt signalling system is essential for both the developing and adult central nervous system. It regulates numerous cellular functions ranging from neurogenesis to blood brain barrier biology. Dysregulated Wnt signalling can thus have significant consequences for normal brain function, which is becoming increasingly clear in Alzheimer's disease (AD), an age-related neurodegenerative disorder that is the most prevalent form of dementia. AD exhibits a range of pathophysiological manifestations including aberrant amyloid precursor protein processing, tau pathology, synapse loss, neuroinflammation and blood brain barrier breakdown, which have been associated to a greater or lesser degree with abnormal Wnt signalling. 
  • 1.3K
  • 23 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Pediatric Asthma
Asthma in children remains a significant public health challenge affecting 5–20% of children in Europe and is associated with increased morbidity and societal healthcare costs. 
  • 1.3K
  • 26 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Sample Pretreatment of Microfluidic Devices
The difficulty of sample pretreatment/preparation in food testing is much higher than that for human biological samples. For example, whole blood analysis and diagnosis tests usually require only centrifugation to separate the blood cells and plasma for detection. By contrast, when detecting acidic preservatives in food samples, for example, it is necessary to homogenize the sample first and then extract the test substance by steam distillation before detection can be performed. As a result, sample processing in traditional food detection methods usually involves a high cost, a long process, and the use of multiple equipment. This section therefore reviews the pretreatment methods proposed in the literature for milk sample analysis using compact and low-cost microfluidic devices. Broadly speaking, pretreatment methods on microfluidic platforms fall into three main categories, namely separation, extraction, and concentration/amplification.
  • 1.3K
  • 19 May 2021
Topic Review
Hydrocephalus Following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Hydrocephalus is a common complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and reportedly contributes to poor neurological outcomes.
  • 1.3K
  • 25 May 2021
Topic Review
Metabolic Anti-Cancer Effects of Melatonin
Metabolic reprogramming characterized by alterations in nutrient uptake and critical molecular pathways associated with cancer cell metabolism represents a fundamental process of malignant transformation. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland. Melatonin primarily regulates circadian rhythms but also exerts anti-inflammatory, anti-depressant, antioxidant and anti-tumor activities. Concerning cancer metabolism, melatonin displays significant anticancer effects via the regulation of key components of aerobic glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and lipid metabolism. Melatonin treatment affects glucose transporter (GLUT) expression, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity, lactate production and other metabolic contributors. Moreover, melatonin modulates critical players in cancer development, such as HIF-1 and p53. Taken together, melatonin has notable anti-cancer effects at malignancy initiation, progression and metastasing. Further investigations of melatonin impacts relevant for cancer metabolism are expected to create innovative approaches supportive for the effective prevention and targeted therapy of cancers. 
  • 1.3K
  • 08 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Electrospun Polysaccharidic Textiles for Biomedicine
Recent developments in electrospinning technology have enabled the commercial-scale production of nonwoven fabrics from synthetic and natural polymers. Since the early 2000s, polysaccharides and their derivatives have been recognized as promising raw materials for electrospinning, and their electrospun textiles have attracted increasing attention for their diverse potential applications. In particular, their biomedical applications have been spotlighted thanks to their “green” aspects, e.g., abundance in nature, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. This review focuses on three main research topics in the biomedical applications of electrospun polysaccharidic textiles: (i) delivery of therapeutic molecules, (ii) tissue engineering, and (iii) wound healing, and discusses recent progress and prospects.
  • 1.3K
  • 26 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Virtual Anthropology and Paleoneurology
Advances in neuroscience have made it possible to obtain increasing information on the anatomy of the brain, at ever-higher resolutions, with different imaging techniques, on ever-larger samples. At the same time, paleoanthropology has to deal with partial reflections on the shape of the brain, on fragmentary specimens and small samples in an attempt to approach the morphology of the brain of past human species. Paleoanthropology has much to gain from interacting more with the field of neuroimaging. Improving our understanding of the morphology of the endocast necessarily involves studying the external surface of the brain and the link it maintains with the internal surface of the skull. The contribution of neuroimaging will allow us to better define the relationship between brain and endocast. Models of intra- and inter-species variability in brain morphology inferred from large neuroimaging databases will help make the most of the rare endocasts of extinct species. Moreover, exchanges between these two disciplines will also be beneficial to our knowledge of the Homo sapiens brain. Documenting the anatomy among other human species and including the variation over time within our own species are approaches that offer us a new perspective through which to appreciate what really characterizes the brain of humanity today. 
  • 1.3K
  • 09 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Medical Services for Insomnia in Korea
Researchers reviewed the National Patient Sample data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service to determine healthcare utilization in patients diagnosed with insomnia (International Classification of Diseases-10 codes G470, F510) between January 2010 and December 2016.
  • 1.3K
  • 04 Jan 2022
Topic Review
To Kill a Mockingbird By Harper Lee
History is a collection of accounts that happened in the past, with this perspective in mind, its easy to reflect on the patterns that denotes human livelihood. Harper Lee's 'To Kill a Mockingbird' is a real defination of how history can be both a teacher, and showcase human behavioral patterns. 
  • 1.3K
  • 10 Jan 2022
Topic Review
A city Multi-Floor Manufacturing Cluster
Multi-floor manufacturing cluster (MFMC) comprise production and service enterprises of various types of ownership, mainly SMEs, with different production orientations, with the presence of small-scale in-house equipment. This feature of MFMC promotes business competition, allowing for creating collaborative and networked organizations that can happen at some stages of development and can reach a level of a virtual manufacturing network based on Digital Twins models to fulfil customer orders.
  • 1.3K
  • 28 Mar 2022
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