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Topic Review
Web Axillary Pain Syndrome: Novel Rehabilitative Suggestions
Axillary web syndrome (AWS) is defined as a visible and palpable network of cords in the skin of the axillary cavity that are tensed by shoulder abduction following surgery for breast cancer, causing significant functional limits of the ipsilateral upper limb (UL) and pain. The purpose of this narrative review is to discuss rehabilitation approaches for greater efficacy with respect to pain and novel suggestions. AWS is a frequent complication of axillary lymphadenectomy that necessitates a thorough follow-up in the medium to long term. Physiotherapy is effective in the treatment of functional limb deficits, the management of pain, and the treatment of upper limb disability. The best management approach involves the use of soft tissue techniques to slow the natural course of the syndrome, in association with therapeutic exercises for functional recovery and muscle strengthening. AWS is linked secondary lymphedema, requiring integration with manual lymphatic drainage. The physiotherapy management of AWS is currently fragmented, and insufficient information is available on the nature of the disease. Thus, randomized and controlled studies that compare rehabilitation approaches in AWS are desirable, including the possibility of using mesotherapy in the treatment of axillary and upper limb pain
  • 497
  • 05 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Web Automated Human Interaction
Web Automated Human Interaction (Wahi) is a technology from Wahi Media, Inc. for simulating two-way conversation on the web. Conversations branch, based on the user's responses, and information about the audience is collected and reported in real time, allowing the wahi designer to hear and understand how viewers respond to the message.
  • 365
  • 19 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Weave Structure and Fabric Properties
Fabric structures are created by interlacing yarns or intermeshing loops to create two-dimensional (2D) flexible materials. The most prevalent structure is woven fabrics, which are made up of two sets of perpendicular yarns that are crossed and interwoven to form a coherent and stable structure.
  • 3.7K
  • 16 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Weather Radar
The history of Weather Radar (abbreviation of RAdio Detecting And Ranging) begins during World War II, when military radar operators noticed extraneous echoes showing up on their display. David Atlas was one of the pioneers of radar meteorology, along with John Stewart Marshall, Walter Palmer and Richard Doviak. Weather radars send pulses of electromagnetic energy into the atmosphere, a microsecond of long microwave radiation to identify the presence of hydrometeors.
  • 1.9K
  • 17 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Wearing Course Materials Modified with Waste Plastic
Roads and bridges are one of the most crucial components of infrastructure engineering and they play a vital role in lifetimes. Bituminous mixture is a composite material made up of other distinct materials, employed in a range of civil engineering tasks, such as the construction of roads. It consists of mineral aggregate, bitumen, and air voids, which are the main components of bituminous mixture, blended and then laid and compacted to form the surface of roads. Asphalt pavement or flexible pavement is widely employed throughout the globe. Asphalt pavement has good riding quality, and it is much cheaper to construct, in comparison to concrete or rigid pavements. HMA mixtures for asphalt pavement are divided into three main categories: dense-graded mixture, open-graded mixture, and gap-graded mixture.
  • 811
  • 30 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Wearables in Higher Education
Wearable sensors have traditionally been used to measure and monitor vital human signs for well-being and healthcare applications. However, there is a growing interest in using and deploying these technologies to facilitate teaching and learning, particularly in a higher education environment. 
  • 2.1K
  • 25 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Wearables for Monitoring and Postural Feedback
Wearables offer a promising solution for simultaneous posture monitoring and/or corrective feedback. Some wearables have the feature to provide real-time corrective sensory feedback when adopting inadequate postures. This feedback can be auditory (typically conveyed through diverse auditory channels), visual (usually displayed by screens or projectors), haptic (application of vibratory stimulus), or a combination of these, providing information based on performance or outcome.
  • 346
  • 29 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Wearables as Digital Diagnostics
Wearables, which refer to smart consumer devices that record digital health data, are becoming an integral part of our daily lives. This reflects the growing health consciousness among people. Wearable biosensors are low-price, non-invasive, and non-irritating devices that function by continuously measuring a person’s physiological parameters in real time, which can be used for the early as well as in-depth diagnosis of several conditions. Wearable devices contain different types of sensors that collect data on step counts, heart rate, sleep duration, calories burnt, stress, and oxygen levels.
  • 706
  • 29 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Wearable User Interface
Making a wearable robot is one of the most important research issues, not only in the bio-mimicking robotics area but also in the conventional robotics or haptics area. There are many advantages for using DEAs for wearable interfaces, such as their small size, flexibility, softness, and customizability. Many wearable haptic interfaces using Dielectric Elastomer Actuators such as tactile displays or vibrotactile displays were suggested from the previous researches. However, there are several challenges in the use of DEAs as actuators embedded into wearable devices such as high driving voltage and low output force compare to the motor based actuator. 
  • 3.1K
  • 01 Nov 2020
Topic Review
Wearable Travel Aids for Blind/Partially Sighted People
The ability to travel (independently) is very important for participation in education, work, leisure activities, and all other aspects of modern life. Blind and partially sighted people experience a number of barriers to travel, including inaccessible information and environments, and consequently require support from technology or other people to overcome them. 
  • 572
  • 11 Aug 2022
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