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Topic Review
Ontology-Based Parkinson’s Disease Monitoring and Alerting with PHKG-GNNs
In the realm of Parkinson’s Disease (PD) research, the integration of wearable sensor data with personal health records (PHR) has emerged as a pivotal avenue for patient alerting and monitoring. The complex domain of PD patient care was delved into, with a specific emphasis on harnessing the potential of wearable sensors to capture, represent and semantically analyze crucial movement data and knowledge. The primary objective is to enhance the assessment of PD patients by establishing a robust foundation for personalized health insights through the development of Personal Health Knowledge Graphs (PHKGs) and the employment of personal health Graph Neural Networks (PHGNNs) that utilize PHKGs. The objective is to formalize the representation of related integrated data, unified sensor and PHR data in higher levels of abstraction, i.e., in a PHKG, to facilitate interoperability and support rule-based high-level event recognition such as patient’s missing dose or falling. This is an extension of researchers' previous related work, presents the Wear4PDmove ontology in detail and evaluates the ontology within the development of an experimental PHKG. Furthermore, the integration and evaluation of PHKG within the implementation of a Graph Neural Network (GNN) are focused on. The importance of integrating PD-related data for monitoring and alerting patients with appropriate notifications are emphasized. These notifications offer health experts precise and timely information for the continuous evaluation of personal health-related events, ultimately contributing to enhanced patient care and well-informed medical decision-making. Finally, a novel approach for integrating personal health KGs and GNNs for PD monitoring and alerting solutions is proposed.
  • 287
  • 18 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Emission Reduction Decisions in Blockchain-Enabled Low-Carbon Supply Chains
With the rapid development of the global economy, carbon emissions are increasing year by year. The continuous promotion of low-carbon policies has led to a gradual increase in consumers’ carbon perception sensitivity and environmental awareness. With the increasing maturity of blockchain technology, its distributed database technology realizes the transparency and traceability of the carbon emission reduction process, which effectively enhances consumers’ trust in low-carbon products.
  • 132
  • 18 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Role of Dioxygen in Microbial Bio-Oxygenation
Dioxygen (O2, more commonly referred to as molecular oxygen) is the only element in the Earth’s environment that is paramagnetic in its ground-state. Dioxygen-dependent enzymes (principally mono- and dioxygenases) play in relevant aspects of bio-oxygenation. This is reflected by the multiple strategic roles that dioxygen -dependent microbial enzymes play both in generating valuable synthons for chemoenzymatic synthesis and in facilitating reactions that help to drive the global geochemical carbon cycle. 
  • 198
  • 18 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Natural Image Reconstruction from fMRI
Reconstructing natural stimulus images using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is one of the most challenging problems in brain decoding and is also the crucial component of a brain–computer interface.
  • 148
  • 18 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Integrated GNN and DRL in E2E Networking Solutions
Graph neural networks (GNN) and deep reinforcement learning (DRL) are at the forefront of algorithms for advancing network automation with capabilities of extracting features and multi-aspect awareness in building controller policies. While GNN offers non-Euclidean topology awareness, feature learning on graphs, generalization, representation learning, permutation equivariance, and propagation analysis, it lacks capabilities in continuous optimization and long-term exploration/exploitation strategies. Therefore, DRL is an optimal complement to GNN, enhancing the applications towards achieving specific policies within the scope of end-to-end (E2E) network automation.
  • 168
  • 18 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Reducing Carbon Emissions from Prefabricated Decoration in China
Since decoration is an essential part of buildings, the carbon emissions generated by decoration work should not be ignored. Prefabricated decoration has attracted much attention as efforts are made to pursue green, low-carbon, and waste-reducing buildings. Prefabricated decoration is characterized by the pre-manufacturing of building decoration elements in the factory, which are later assembled on-site. One of the primary advantages of this method is the utilization of eco-friendly materials that substantially reduce the environmental footprint of construction projects. These materials are selected for their sustainability, durability, and lower carbon emissions, supporting the global shift towards environmentally responsible building practices.
  • 163
  • 18 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Train Multiplayer First-Person Shooter Game Agents
Artificial Intelligence bots are extensively used in multiplayer First-Person Shooter (FPS) games. By using Machine Learning techniques, we can improve their performance and bring them to human skill levels.
  • 152
  • 18 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Cementless Total Knee Arthroplasty
Considering the increasing number of young and active patients needing Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA), orthopedic surgeons are looking for a long-lasting and physiological bond for the prosthetic implant. Multiple advantages have been associated with cementless fixation including higher preservation of the native bone stock, avoidance of cement debris with subsequent potential third-body wear, and the achievement of a natural bond and osseointegration between the implant and the bone that will provide a durable and stable fixation. 
  • 314
  • 18 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Industry 4.0 and Smart Manufacturing
The manufacturing industry often faces challenges related to customer satisfaction, system degradation, product sustainability, inventory, and operation management. If not addressed, these challenges can be substantially harmful and costly for the sustainability of manufacturing plants. Paradigms, e.g., Industry 4.0 and smart manufacturing, provide effective and innovative solutions, aiming at managing manufacturing operations, and controlling the quality of completed goods offered to the customers.
  • 129
  • 18 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Key Determinants for Serial Innovators
In today’s rapidly evolving business landscape, where disruptive technologies and changing market dynamics pose both unprecedented challenges and remarkable opportunities, the ability of companies to innovate has become a critical determinant of success. To maintain their competitive edge and stay relevant in an increasingly dynamic marketplace, organizations must embrace a culture of constant innovation.
  • 240
  • 18 Mar 2024
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