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Topic Review
Crowdsourcing Update Methods for High-Definition Maps
High-definition (HD) maps serve as crucial infrastructure for autonomous driving technology, facilitating vehicles in positioning, environmental perception, and motion planning without being affected by weather changes or sensor-visibility limitations.
  • 313
  • 01 Apr 2024
Topic Review
Lifestyle Interventions as Secondary Stroke Prevention Measures
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, but it has been shown in several observational studies and systematic reviews to be a highly preventable disease. Lifestyle modifications are essential to national/international guidelines and recommendations for secondary stroke prevention.
  • 194
  • 01 Apr 2024
Topic Review
Basic Principles of Cryopreservation of Cells and Tissues
Cryopreservation refers to the technique of storing biological materials at below-zero temperatures, slowing the rate of degradation to ensure minimal loss in function; this practice has wide-reaching applications, including basic biological research, agriculture and food industry, and medicine.
  • 319
  • 01 Apr 2024
Topic Review
COVID-19 Pandemic on Changes in Consumer Purchasing Behavior
The coronavirus has wreaked havoc on the global economy before the eyes of the entire world. Due to evolving consumer needs and expectations during the pandemic, the supply and demand for various goods and services varied from the pre-COVID-19 period.
  • 492
  • 01 Apr 2024
Topic Review
SAR RFI Suppression Method Based on FuSINet
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is a high-resolution imaging sensor commonly mounted on platforms such as airplanes and satellites for widespread use. In complex electromagnetic environments, radio frequency interference (RFI) severely degrades the quality of SAR images due to its widely varying bandwidth and numerous unknown emission sources. Although traditional deep learning-based methods have achieved remarkable results by directly processing SAR images as visual ones, there is still considerable room for improvement in their performance due to the wide coverage and high intensity of RFI.
  • 242
  • 01 Apr 2024
Topic Review
Extracellular Vesicles for Bone Regeneration
Bone defects are intricate pathological alterations resulting from osteoporotic fractures, traumatic injuries, inflammatory responses, malignant tumors, and various other factors. Extracellular vesicles are small lipid bilayer membrane particles secreted by all cell types. The term “EVs” collectively refers to diverse vesicle types, such as exosomes, microvesicles, microparticles, shedding vesicles, and apoptotic bodies.
  • 93
  • 01 Apr 2024
Topic Review
Differentially Regulated miRNAs in Breast Cancer Progression
Breast cancer is a complex and enigmatic disease caused by a series of alterations in genes that control cell growth and proliferation. miRNA was discovered by Ambros and co-workers in Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode), during their genetic study to investigate defects in the temporal control of C. elegans development.
  • 182
  • 01 Apr 2024
Topic Review
Alternative Methods to Retting of Straw
Bast fibers, such as flax and hemp, have been used by humanity for thousands of years. In the case of processes other than dew or field retting, they can also follow field drying. In any case, the fiber plant straw is retted first in order to be able to carry out the subsequent mechanical fiber recovery by decortication, cleaning and, if necessary, opening of the coarse fiber bundles. This can be defined as primary processing of bast fiber straw. The retting process involves the controlled decomposition of those substances that bind the fiber containing tissues to the other components of the stalk as well as the fibers to each other (to form so called bundles). It is described as one of the most important steps in the whole supply chain of fibers from bast fiber plants such as hemp and flax since it affects both the ease of performing the subsequent mechanical processing steps as well as the quality of the resulting fibers.
  • 284
  • 01 Apr 2024
Topic Review
Historic-Building Information Modeling and Artificial Intelligence
Heritage- or Historic-Building Information Modeling (H-BIM) reconstruction from laser scanning or photogrammetric surveys is a manual, time-consuming, overly subjective process, but the emergence of AI techniques, applied to the realm of existing architectural heritage, is offering new ways to interpret, process and elaborate raw digital surveying data, as point clouds. The proposed methodological approach for higher-level automation in Scan-to-BIM reconstruction is threaded as follows: (i) semantic segmentation via Random Forest and import of annotated data in 3D modeling environment, broken down class by class; (ii) reconstruction of template geometries of classes of architectural elements; (iii) propagation of template reconstructed geometries to all elements belonging to a typological class. Visual Programming Languages (VPLs) and reference to architectural treatises are leveraged for the Scan-to-BIM reconstruction. 
  • 205
  • 01 Apr 2024
Topic Review
Diffusion-Based Method for Pavement Crack Detection
Pavement crack detection is of significant importance in ensuring road safety and smooth traffic flow. However, pavement cracks come in various shapes and forms which exhibit spatial continuity, and algorithms need to adapt to different types of cracks while preserving their continuity. Some studies have already applied the feature learning capability of generative models to crack detection. 
  • 166
  • 01 Apr 2024
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